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The effect of top managers'years of experience on innovation

International Journal of Innovation Studies 2023年第3期7卷 226-235页

作者： James Okrah bridget irene Research Engineer Graduate School of Economics and ManagementUral Federal UniversityYekaterinburgRussia CMI Fellow IHEA Fellow Assistant Professor of Entrepreneurship Course Director BA Enterprise and Entrepreneurship Coventry UniversityCoventryCV15DLUK

Managers'characteristics have been identified to have an influence on how they perceive *** study examines the role of top managers'experience and how it influences their propensity to *** employs a logit model to analyze data from the World Bank's Enterprise Surveys,primarily from small-and medium-sized enterprises in *** justify the positive effect of managers'years of experience as an influential factor of enterprises'innovativeness in developing *** results show that top managers'years of experience directly affect innovation.

关键词： Russia Innovation Top-level management experience SMEs Firms Bureaucracy Weak institutions

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Acute kidney injury and post-reperfusion syndrome in liver transplantation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第42期22卷 9314-9323页

作者： Ilaria Umbro Francesca Tinti irene Scalera Felicity Evison bridget Gunson Adnan Sharif James Ferguson Paolo Muiesan Anna Paola Mitterhofer Department of Clinical Medicine Nephrology and Dialysis B Sapienza University of Rome The Liver Unit Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham Department of Health Informatics University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust National Institute for Health Research Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit the Liver Unit Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham the Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy University of Birmingham Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham

In the past decades liver transplantation(LT) has become the treatment of choice for patients with end stage liver disease(ESLD). The chronic shortage of cadaveric organs for transplantation led to the utilization of a greater number of marginal donors such as older donors or donors after circulatory death(DCD). The improved survival of transplanted patients has increased the frequency of long-term complications, in particular chronic kidney disease(CKD). Acute kidney injury(AKI) post-LT has been recently recognized as an important risk factor for the occurrence of denovo CKD in the long-term outcome. The onset of AKI post-LT is multifactorial, with pre-LT risk factors involved, including higher Model for End-stage Liver Disease score, more sever ESLD and pre-existing renal dysfunction, either with intra-operative conditions, in particular ischaemia reperfusion injury responsible for post-reperfusion syndrome(PRS) that can influence recipient's morbidity and mortality. Post-reperfusion syndrome-induced AKI is an important complication post-LT that characterizes kidney involvement caused by PRS with mechanisms not clearly understood and implication on graft and patient survival. Since preLT risk factors may influence intra-operative events responsible for PRS-induced AKI, we aim to consider all the relevant aspects involved in PRS-induced AKI in the setting of LT and to identify all studies that better clarified the specific mechanisms linking PRS and AKI. A Pub Med search was conducted using the terms liver transplantation AND acute kidney injury; liver transplantation AND post-reperfusion syndrome; acute kidney injury AND post-reperfusion syndrome; acute kidney injury AND DCD AND liver transplantation. Five hundred seventy four articles were retrieved on Pub Med search. Results were limited to title/abstract of English-language articles published between 2000 and 2015. Twenty-three studies were identified that specifically evaluated incidence, risk factors and outc

关键词：肝移植尖锐的肾损害 Post-reperfusion 症候群在循环死亡以后的捐赠长期的肾疾病

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