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Rostrum abnormalities in the endangered Indian Ocean humpback dolphin(Sousa plumbea)in South Africa

Integrative Zoology 2023年第4期18卷 616-629页

作者： Guilherme FRAINER Simon ELWEN Sasha DINES bridget james Els VERMEULEN Gwenith PENRY OAlejandra VARGAS-FONSECA Shanan ATKINS Danielle CONRY Tess GRIDLEY Centre for Statistics in Ecology Environment and ConservationUniversity of Cape TownSouth Africa Sea Search Research and Conservation Cape TownSouth Africa Department of Botany and Zoology Stellenbosch UniversityStellenboschSouth Africa Mammal Research Institute Whale Unit Faculty of Natural and Agricultural SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa Institute for Coastal and Marine Research Nelson Mandela UniversityGqeberhaSouth Africa Department of Oceanography Nelson Mandela UniversityGqeberhaSouth Africa Animal Plant and Environmental SciencesUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa Mammal Research Institute Department of Zoology and EntomologyUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa

Morphological abnormalities in wild animals can be indicators of the underlying health of a population and may be determined through routine photographic ***,we assess unusual rostrum conditions in Indian Ocean humpback dolphins(Sousa plumbea)inhabiting South African coastal waters to understand the rate of prevalence of abnormal rostrums and formulate hypotheses on potential *** data were collated from sys-tematic boat surveys and opportunistic sightings,obtained between April 1998 and March 2021 in various regions along the South African ***,31 unique individuals were found with abnormal rostrum conditions,vary-ing from slight misalignments to severe wounds and/or aberrant *** most cases,injuries were likely caused by natural events during the animal’s life history such as interactions with sharks and/or reef-associated hunting ***–recapture data indicated that individuals had survived with these injuries for up to 10 *** study reports the highest incidence of rostrum abnormalities in the *** numbers reﬂect only those that have survived their injuries,they are considered a minimum estimate.A better understanding of the cause(s)of these injuries is important given the endangered status of this species.

关键词： endangered species human impacts injuries mark-recapture natural history

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The effect of top managers'years of experience on innovation

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International Journal of Innovation Studies 2023年第3期7卷 226-235页

作者： james Okrah bridget Irene Research Engineer Graduate School of Economics and ManagementUral Federal UniversityYekaterinburgRussia CMI Fellow IHEA Fellow Assistant Professor of Entrepreneurship Course Director BA Enterprise and Entrepreneurship Coventry UniversityCoventryCV15DLUK

Managers'characteristics have been identified to have an influence on how they perceive *** study examines the role of top managers'experience and how it influences their propensity to *** employs a logit model to analyze data from the World Bank's Enterprise Surveys,primarily from small-and medium-sized enterprises in *** justify the positive effect of managers'years of experience as an influential factor of enterprises'innovativeness in developing *** results show that top managers'years of experience directly affect innovation.

关键词： Russia Innovation Top-level management experience SMEs Firms Bureaucracy Weak institutions

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Portal hypertension in polycystic liver disease patients does not affect wait-list or immediate post-liver transplantation outcomes

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第45期22卷 9966-9973页

作者： Neil Rajoriya Dhiraj Tripathi Joanna A Leithead bridget K Gunson Sophie Lord james W Ferguson Gideon M Hirschfield Liver Unit Queen Elizabeth Hospital Centre for Liver Research NIHR Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit University of Birmingham

AIM To establish the impact of portal hypertension(PH) on wait-list/post-transplant outcomes in patients with polycystic liver disease(PCLD) listed for liver transplantation. METHODS A retrospective single-centre case controlled study of consecutive patients listed for liver transplantation over 12 years was performed from our centre. PH in the PCLD cohort was defined by the one or more of following parameters:(1) presence of radiological or endoscopic documented varices from our own centre or the referral centre;(2) splenomegaly(> 11 cm) on radiology inabsence of splenic cysts accounting for increased imaging size;(3) thrombocytopenia(platelets < 150 × 109/L); or(4) ascites without radiological evidence of hepatic venous outflow obstruction from a single cyst. RESULTS Forty-seven PCLD patients(F: M = 42: 5) were listed for liver transplantation(LT)(single organ, n = 35; combined liver-kidney transplantation, n = 12) with 19 patients(40.4%) having PH. When comparing the PH group with non-PH group, the mean listing age(PH group, 50.6(6.4); non-PH group, 47.1(7.4) years; P = 0.101), median listing MELD(PH group, 12; non-PH group, 11; P = 0.422) median listing UKELD score(PH group, 48; non-PH group, 46; P = 0.344) and need for renal replacement therapy(P = 0.317) were similar. In the patients who underwent LT alone, there was no difference in the duration of ICU stay(PH, 3 d; non-PH, 2 d; P = 0.188), hospital stay length(PH, 9 d; non-PH, 10 d; P = 0.973), or frequency of renal replacement therapy(PH, 2/8; non-PH, 1/14; P = 0.121) in the immediate post-transplantation period. CONCLUSION Clinically apparent portal hypertension in patients with PCLD listed for liver transplantation does not appear to have a major impact on wait-list or peri-transplant morbidity.

关键词： Polycystic liver disease Portal hypertension Liver transplantation

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Acute kidney injury and post-reperfusion syndrome in liver transplantation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第42期22卷 9314-9323页

作者： Ilaria Umbro Francesca Tinti Irene Scalera Felicity Evison bridget Gunson Adnan Sharif james Ferguson Paolo Muiesan Anna Paola Mitterhofer Department of Clinical Medicine Nephrology and Dialysis B Sapienza University of Rome The Liver Unit Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham Department of Health Informatics University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust National Institute for Health Research Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit the Liver Unit Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham the Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy University of Birmingham Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham

In the past decades liver transplantation(LT) has become the treatment of choice for patients with end stage liver disease(ESLD). The chronic shortage of cadaveric organs for transplantation led to the utilization of a greater number of marginal donors such as older donors or donors after circulatory death(DCD). The improved survival of transplanted patients has increased the frequency of long-term complications, in particular chronic kidney disease(CKD). Acute kidney injury(AKI) post-LT has been recently recognized as an important risk factor for the occurrence of denovo CKD in the long-term outcome. The onset of AKI post-LT is multifactorial, with pre-LT risk factors involved, including higher Model for End-stage Liver Disease score, more sever ESLD and pre-existing renal dysfunction, either with intra-operative conditions, in particular ischaemia reperfusion injury responsible for post-reperfusion syndrome(PRS) that can influence recipient's morbidity and mortality. Post-reperfusion syndrome-induced AKI is an important complication post-LT that characterizes kidney involvement caused by PRS with mechanisms not clearly understood and implication on graft and patient survival. Since preLT risk factors may influence intra-operative events responsible for PRS-induced AKI, we aim to consider all the relevant aspects involved in PRS-induced AKI in the setting of LT and to identify all studies that better clarified the specific mechanisms linking PRS and AKI. A Pub Med search was conducted using the terms liver transplantation AND acute kidney injury; liver transplantation AND post-reperfusion syndrome; acute kidney injury AND post-reperfusion syndrome; acute kidney injury AND DCD AND liver transplantation. Five hundred seventy four articles were retrieved on Pub Med search. Results were limited to title/abstract of English-language articles published between 2000 and 2015. Twenty-three studies were identified that specifically evaluated incidence, risk factors and outc

关键词： Liver transplantation Acute kidney injury Post-reperfusion syndrome Donation after circulatory death Chronic kidney disease

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Direct passive hemagglutination test for rapid quantification of plasma load of the <i>Human Immunodeficiency Virus</i>

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Health 2013年第9期5卷 1351-1354页

作者： Maduike C. O. Ezeibe Augustine A. Ngene Ifeanyichukwu Anene bridget Amechi Peter Olowoniyi james I. Eze Paul C. Animoke Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria Federal Medical Centre Umuahia Nigeria

An inexpensive and rapid test for determining titers of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in plasmas was developed. Washed sheep red blood cells were applied onto HIV positive plasmas, in V-bottomed microtiter plates, to complement the HIV antigens and antibodies present in plasmas. The setup was incubated for 30 minutes at 37℃. Reciprocal of the highest dilution of each plasma which gave passive agglutination of the RBCs was read as its HIV titer. Mean HIV load of five samples, was ≥ 4096.00 ± 0.00 after one day of storage at 4℃ but it reduced to 256.00 ± 70.10, 28.80 ± 3.20, 7.20 ± 0.80 and 1.60 ± 0.98 on days 2, 3, 4 and 7, respectively. HIV antibodies were still detectable, by ELISA, in plasma dilutions that were tested negative with the new test. It was concluded that when HIV antibodies have been confirmed, or added to plasmas, passive hemagglutination test can be applied to assess their viral loads.

关键词： HIV Antibodies Antigens Plasma Sheep Red Blood Cells

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Microbial Assessment and Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile of Bacterial Fish Isolates in an Aquaculture Production Site in Mefou Afamba Division of Cameroon

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2021年第1期10卷 20-30页

作者： Judith Julie Takadong Tsafack Dimitri Alex Kamgain Tchuenchieu Hippolyte Tene Mouafo Manuela Annick Bengue Baomog Jorelle Jeanne Bimem Adjele Evrard Koupestchop Medjo Imelda Lucresse Nouteza Djuikoo bridget Tata Ndakoh Chelea Matchawe james Sasanya Gabriel Nama Medoua Centre for Food and Nutrition Research IMPM(Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies)Yaounde 6163Cameroon Department of Microbiology University of Yaounde IYaounde 337Cameroon Department of Microbiology and Parasitology University of BueaBuea 99999Cameroon International Atomic Energy Agency Vienna International CentreVienna 1400Austria

The practice of integrated fish farming and the use of local fish meal and manure for fish feeding in Cameroon constitute potential sources of resistant pathogenic bacteria in the fish pond ***,a periodical and constant monitoring of the microbiological quality of fish pond is *** study was to assess the microbial contamination of Mfou aquaculture production site and evaluate the antibiotic resistance profile of bacterial fish *** of pond water(n=36),sediment(n=36),fishmeal(n=12)and African catfish(Clarias gariepinus),kanga(Heterotis niloticus)and Nile Tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)(n=36,each)were collected to determine TVAC(Total Viable Aerobic Bacterial Count),FC(Fungal Count),SAC(Staphylococcus aureus count),TCC(Total Coliform Count)and FCC(Feacal Coliform Count).The fish skin isolates of ***,Enterobacter sakazakii,Citrobacter freundii,Serratia fonticola,Klebsiella oxytoca,Proteus spp.,Aeromonas hydrophila,Kluyvera spp.,Moraxella spp.,Pasteurella multocida and Pseudomonas fluorescens were tested against penicillin G(10μg),chloramphenicol(30μg),sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim(25μg),erythromycin(15μg),tetracycline(30μg),using the disk diffusion *** reveal a heavy contamination of fish farms with microbial load above the recommended *** study indicates that fish ponds are sources of zoonotic pathogens underlining their epidemiological and clinical *** bacterial isolates were multiresistant with a multiple antibiotic resistance index above *** data raise concern about the microbial contamination of aquaculture and associated public health risks in Cameroon.

关键词： Microbial contamination antibiotic susceptibility profile aquaculture pond fish zoonotic pathogens Cameroon

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