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Patterns of antidepressant therapy and clinical outcomes among ischaemic stroke survivors

Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2021年第3期6卷 384-394,I0018-I0032页

作者： Mark R Etherton Shreyansh Shah Xu Haolin Ying Xian Lesley Maisch Deidre Hannah brianna lindholm Barbara Lytle Laine Thomas Eric E Smith Gregg C Fonarow Lee H Schwamm Deepak L Bhatt Adrian F Hernandez Emily C O'Brien Neurology Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA Neurology Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Duke Clinical Research Institute Duke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA American Heart Association Inc DallasTexasUSA Clinical Neurosciences University of Calgary Cumming School of MedicineCalgaryAlbertaCanada Cardiology Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Cardiovascular Medicine Brigham and Women's HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA Cardiology Duke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Population Health Duke Clinical Research InstituteDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA

Background and purpose Depression is common after stroke and is often treated with antidepressant medications(AD).ADs have also been hypothesised to improve stroke recovery,although recent randomised trials were *** investigated the patterns of in-hospital AD initiation after ischaemic stroke and association with clinical and readmission *** All Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries aged 65 or older hospitalised for ischaemic stroke in participating Get With The Guidelines-Stroke hospitals between April and December 2014 were eligible for this *** measures included days alive and not in a healthcare institution(home time),all-cause mortality and readmission within 1-year *** score(PS)-adjusted logistic regression models were used to evaluate the associations between AD use and each outcome *** also compared outcomes in patients prescribed selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors(SSRIs)AD versus those prescribed non-SSRI *** Of 21805 AD naive patients included in this analysis,1835(8.4%)were started on an AD at *** started on an AD had higher rates of depression and prior ischaemic stroke,presented with higher admission National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score and were less likely to be discharged ***,patients started on an SSRI had lower rates of discharge to *** for stroke severity,patients started on an AD had worse all-cause mortality,all-cause readmission,major adverse cardiac events,readmission for depression and decreased ***,AD use was also associated with an increased risk for the sepsis,a falsification endpoint,suggesting the presence of residual *** Patients with ischaemic stroke initiated on AD therapy are at increased risk of poor clinical outcomes and readmission even after PS adjustment,suggesting that poststroke depression requiring medication is a poor prognostic *** research is needed to explore

关键词： prescribed admission founding

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Validity and Reliability of a Mental Health Recovery Checklist for Young Adults

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2024年第4期26卷 317-323页

作者： brianna Cerrito Jamie Xiao Amie DiTomasso Amanda Fialk Jocelyn Bolin Research Department The DormNew York10023USA Department of Educational Psychology Ball State UniversityMuncie47306USA

The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the internal consistency and construct validity of a self-report checklist measuring clinical mental health recovery across six key domains:family and relationships,occupation and school,physical health,mental health,spirituality,and social support *** Mental Health Recovery Checklist(MHRC)was developed at The Dorm,an intensive outpatient mental health treatment program for young adults in New York,NY,and Washington DC that services individuals between the ages of 18 and 35 years *** present study is cross-sectional,as data were pulled from clients’records who were discharged between January 2018 and May *** Correlations and Cronbach’s alpha were used to determine scale *** establish validity,an Exploratory Factor Analysis(EFA)was conducted to assess a single-factor model using Principal Axis ***’s alpha was high(α=0.88),indicating good *** the EFA,all items loaded strongly on a single *** unidimensional structure revealed in the EFA highlights the interconnected nature of various life domains as they pertain to mental health recovery in young *** research is warranted to explore whether there are additional dimensions of mental health recovery that have not been assessed in the present scale.

关键词： Mental health recovery young adult validation study mental health checklist

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Patients’experiences with‘sludge’(administrative burden)in the cancer screening process and its relationship with screening completion,experience and health system distrust

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第S2期12卷 8-17页

作者： Michelle S Rockwell brianna Chang Vivian Zagarese Jamie K Turner Ally Southworth YingXing Wu Paul Yeaton Li Li Jeffrey S Stein Sarah H Parker John W Epling Department of Family and Community Medicine Virginia Tech Carilion School of MedicineRoanokeVirginiaUSA Department of Family and Community Medicine Carilion ClinicRoanokeVirginiaUSA Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine RoanokeVirginiaUSA Department of Health Systems and Implementation Science Virginia Tech Carilion School of MedicineRoanokeVirginiaUSA Graduate Program in Translational Biology Medicineand HealthVirginia TechRoanokeVirginiaUSA Health Analytics Research Team Carilion ClinicRoanokeVirginiaUSA Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineCarilion ClinicRoanokeVirginiaUSA Department of Family Medicine University of Virginia School of MedicineCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA Center for Health Behaviors Research Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTCRoanokeVirginiaUSA

Objective‘Sludge’refers to administrative burdens or frictions that preclude people from getting what they want or need(eg,duplicative forms,complicated instructions,long waiting times).This mixed methods study evaluated patients’perceptions of sludge in the colorectal cancer(CRC)screening process and some impacts of this *** We employed an exploratory sequential mixed methods study design that comprised patient interviews and a patient *** interviews informed final survey revisions and captured contextual data about patients’experiences with *** transcripts were inductively and deductively analysed to identify overarching *** survey quantified sludge,delayed or forgone screenings,screening experience(Net Promoter Score)and health system distrust(Health System Distrust Scale).We usedχ2 or t-tests for univariable comparisons and logistic or linear regressions to evaluate the association between cumulative sludge score and delayed or forgone screenings,screening experience and health system *** were integrated for *** Southeastern United *** Patients who were 45–75 years of age,at average risk for CRC and had either completed or been referred for CRC screening(colonoscopy or stool-based test)within the previous 12 *** 22 interview participants and 255 survey participants completed the study.38(15%)survey participants rated their screening experience as poor(Net Promoter Score=0–7 out of 10).The mean(SD)Health System Distrust Scale score was 22.4(6.3)out of 45 possible points(higher score=greater distrust).Perceptions of sludge in the CRC screening process varied,with long waiting times and burdensome communication being the most common sources(58%and 35%of participants,respectively).Sludge was positively associated with delayed or forgone screenings(OR=1.42,95%CI 1.28,1.57,p<0.001),poor screening experience(OR=1.15,95%CI 1.04,1.28,p=0.009)and health system distrust(β=0.47,p

关键词： sludge screening burden

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No evidence for female discrimination against male house mice carrying a selfish genetic element

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Current Zoology 2016年第6期62卷 675-685页

作者： Andreas SUTTER Anna K. lindholm Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 Zurich 8057 Switzerland

Meiotic drivers distort transmission to the next generation in their favor, with detrimental effects on the fitness of their homologues and the rest of the genome. Male carriers of meiotic drivers commonly inflict costs on their mates through genetic incompatibility, reduced fecundity, or biased brood sex ratios. Given these costs, evidence for female discrimination against male carriers is surprisingly rare. One of few examples is the t haplotype in house mice, a meiotic driver that shows strong transmission distortion in males and is typically homozygote lethal. As a consequence, mating between 2 t heterozygous （＋/t） mice leads to high embryo mortality. Previous experiments showing that＋/t females avoid this incompatibility cost by preferring ＋/＋ versus ＋/t males have inferred preference based on olfactory cues or brief social interactions. Evidence from mating contexts in laboratory settings and semi-natural populations has been inconclusive. Here, we investigated female choice from a large number of no-choice mating trials. We found no evidence for discrimination against＋/t males based on mating, remating, and copulatory behavior. Further, we found no evidence for avoidance of incompatibility through selective interactions between game- tes. The likelihood of mating showed significant effects of female weight and genotype, suggesting that our test paradigm enabled females to exhibit mate choice. We discuss the strengths and limitations of our approach. By explicitly considering selection at both the individual and gene level, we argue why precopulatory female discrimination by＋/t females may be less evolutionarily stable than discrimination by all females based on postcopulatory mechanisms.

关键词： cryptic female choice female preference indirect benefits mate choice segregation distortion t haplotype

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Surgical management in pediatric neuroblastoma diagnosis and treatment:a 20-year,single-center experience

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第2期18卷 120-125页

作者： brianna Spencer Akshilkumar Patel Robert Cilley Christa N.Grant Department of Surgery Penn State Health Milton SHershey Medical Center500 University DriveHersheyPA 17033USA Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine HersheyPAUSA Division of Pediatric Surgery Penn State Health Milton SHershey Medical CenterHersheyPAUSA

Background The currently utilized International Neuroblastoma Risk Group(INRG)staging system developed in 2009 uses image-defined risk factors as a measure of surgical risk,separating resectable neuroblastoma from those best preceded by *** previous International Neuroblastoma Staging System was based primarily on surgical *** hypothesized there would be a change to the role of the surgeon in neuroblastoma treatment in the more recent *** This is a single center 20-year retrospective analysis of 104 patients with International Classification of Diseases-9 and-10 codes for *** demographics,tumor site,cancer treatment modality,survival,biopsy technique,surgical intervention,and pathology staging were *** was analyzed by analysis of variance(ANOVA)and Student’s t *** There was a decrease in open surgeries for extra-adrenal neuroblastomas in the later decade(77%,31%,P=0.01).There was a narrowing of the time interval to surgery in the later cohort,likely as a result of uniformity in surgical timing on treatment protocols relying on INRG *** Our findings mirror changes in practice patterns *** found an increase in minimally invasive approaches but did not find a difference in the role of the surgeon under the INRG staging system.

关键词： International Neuroblastoma Risk Group International Neuroblastoma Staging System MYCN Neuroblastoma Resection

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Performance and Optimization for a Ground-Coupled Liquid Loop Heat Recovery Ventilation System

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Journal of Donghua University(English Edition) 2007年第6期24卷 749-755页

作者：周亚素 Per FAHLEN Torbjrn lindholm Department of Building Environment and Equipment Engineering Donghua University Department of Building Services Engineering Chalmers University of TechnologySE-412 96GothenburgSweden

Ground-coupled heat pumps(GCHP)are commonly used in residential heating *** mitigate the boreholes temperature dropping with operating time,a new exhaust-air recharging system is *** new recharging system can be used in three operational *** this paper,a ground-coupled heat recovery ventilation(HRV)model is discussed.A thermal model is set up to find the optimal brine flow rate and heat transfer allocation ratio between exhaust and supply coils for maximum heat recovery *** to the conventional liquid-loop HRV systems,the brine temperature entering the exhaust coil never goes blow zero(0℃),and hence defrosting is needless in the ground-coupled HRV *** can make the ground-coupled HRV system over 20% more efficient than a conventional HRV system at low outdoor temperatures.

关键词： a ground-coupled HRV system thermal model heat recovery efficiency coils allocation ratio brine flow rate

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MicroRNA-135a Modulates Hepatitis C Virus Genome Replication through Downregulation of Host Antiviral Factors

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Virologica Sinica 2019年第2期34卷 197-210页

作者： Catherine Sodroski brianna Lowey Laura Hertz T.Jake Liang Qisheng Li Liver Diseases Branch National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Institutes of Health

Cellular microRNAs(miRNAs) have been shown to modulate HCV infection via directly acting on the viral genome or indirectly through targeting the virus-associated host factors. Recently we generated a comprehensive map of HCV–miRNA interactions through genome-wide miRNA functional screens and transcriptomics analyses. Many previously unappreciated cellular miRNAs were identified to be involved in HCV infection, including miR-135a, a human cancerrelated miRNA. In the present study, we investigated the role of miR-135a in regulating HCV life cycle and showed that it preferentially enhances viral genome replication. Bioinformatics-based integrative analyses and subsequent functional assays revealed three antiviral host factors, including receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 2(RIPK2), myeloid differentiation primary response 88(MYD88), and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12(CXCL12), as bona fide targets of miR-135a. These genes have been shown to inhibit HCV infection at the RNA replication stage. Our data demonstrated that repression of key host restriction factors mediated the proviral effect of miR-135a on HCV propagation. In addition,miR-135a hepatic abundance is upregulated by HCV infection in both cultured hepatocytes and human liver, likely mediating a more favorable environment for viral replication and possibly contributing to HCV-induced liver *** results provide novel insights into HCV–host interactions and unveil molecular pathways linking miRNA biology to HCV pathogenesis.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus (HCV) Genome replication Virus-host interactions miR-135a Antiviral factors

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The evolutionary consequences of selfish genetic elements

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Current Zoology 2016年第6期62卷 655-658页

作者： Anna K. lindholm Tom A.R. PRICE Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 Zurich Switzerland Institute of Integrative Biology University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool UK

The traditional view of the genome was once that it is broadly cooperative, with all genes working together amicably to improve the success of the individual as a whole. Benefits to the individual, after all, benefit all the component genes, as fair Mendelian inheritance ensures that all the genes and alleles a parent carries are equally likely to be inherited by an offspring. However, more detailed studies of inheritance have shown that this rosy view of cooperation within the genome is untrue. Instead, many genes act selfishly, manipulating gametogenesis to bias transmission in their favor （Butt and Trivers 2006）. This increases their representation in offspring at a cost to the fitness of the individual and the cooperative genes.

关键词：遗传因素进化基因组孟德尔遗传等位基因合作多基因后代

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Mast cell activation syndrome-anesthetic challenges in two different clinical scenarios

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2022年第6期36卷 435-439页

作者： brianna Lide Shane McGuire Hong Liu Cristina Chandler Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine University of California Davis HealthSacramentoCA 95817USA

Mast cell activation syndrome(MCAS)includes a group of disorders that result in the inappropriate release of inflammatory mediators from mast *** mediators can affect multiple organ systems and lead to significant morbidity,and possible *** reactions,typically in response to various nonspecific stimuli,are usually mild,they may put those with MCAS at increased risk of *** this case report,we present two clinical scenarios of MCAS,and identify possible factors triggering mast cell mediator *** also define a preoperative preventive pathway,outline anesthetic considerations,and discuss the management of immediate hypersensitivity reactions in patients with *** preoperative preparation,avoidance of triggers,and development of a plan to treat possible adverse organ responses are paramount of good outcomes.

关键词： mast cell disease mast cell activation syndrome

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Functions of NKG2D in CD8^(+) T cells: an opportunity for immunotherapy

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2018年第5期15卷 470-479页

作者： Kushal Prajapati Cynthia Perez Lourdes Beatriz Plaza Rojas brianna Burke Jose A Guevara-Patino Loyola University Chicago Oncology InstituteMaywoodIL 60153USA

Natural killer group 2 member D(NKG2D)is a type II transmembrane ***2D is present on NK cells in both mice and humans,whereas it is constitutively expressed on CD8+T cells in humans but only expressed upon T-cell activation in ***2D is a promiscuous receptor that recognizes stress-induced surface *** NK cells,NKG2D signaling is sufficient to unleash the killing response;in CD8+T cells,this requires concurrent activation of the T-cell receptor(TCR).In this case,the function of NKG2D is to authenticate the recognition of a stressed target and enhance TCR ***28 has been established as an archetype provider of costimulation during T-cell *** has become apparent,however,that signals from other costimulatory receptors,such as NKG2D,are required for optimal T-cell function outside the priming *** review will focus on the similarities and differences between NKG2D and CD28;less well-described characteristics of NKG2D,such as the potential role of NKG2D in CD8+T-cell memory formation,cancer immunity and autoimmunity;and the opportunities for targeting NKG2D in immunotherapy.

关键词： NKG2D CD28 CD8+T Cell Cancer Immunity Auto-immunity Memory Immunotherapy

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