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Future Land-Use Land-Cover Scenarios for the Flint River Watershed in Northern Alabama Using the Prescott Spatial Growth Model

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2015年第4期7卷 319-327页

作者： Wubishet Tadesse Stephanie whitaker William Crosson Constance Wilson Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences Alabama A & M University Huntsville USA Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation Nashville USA National Space Science and Technology Center Universities Space Research Association Huntsville USA Department of Community and Regional Planning Alabama A & M University Huntsville USA

A changing mosaic of natural vegetation and human land uses has evolved within and around the Flint River Watershed (FRW) in Alabama and Tennessee over the past several decades. To determine the cause of change and linkage between human activities and environmental change can prove problematic. Subsequently, there is a need to produce projections of future environments based on planning instruments and socio-economic parameters. Scenarios of potential future land use land cover (LULC) change are required in order to better manage potential impacts on many environmental issues. This study creates future scenarios for the year 2030 from baseline land use of 2001, relative to three projected land use scenarios which include differences related to conservation, planning, and development. The future growth scenarios were created using the ArcGIS tool, Prescott Spatial Growth Model (PSGM). The model allows users to build different future growth scenarios based on socio-economic projections such as population, employment and other controlling factors. The simulation results indicate that LULC changes associated with future urbanization can increase by ~23% - 43% within the FRW, which will lead to significant environmental issues if not managed properly. The overall analysis and model results demonstrate the ability of future growth scenarios to explore and evaluate options for a future environment. Spatial modeling and analysis tools, such as PSGM, provide a powerful approach to evaluate potential impacts of LULC change in the future and should be used to manage urbanization in areas with more intense development.

关键词： Prescott Spatial Growth Model Land Use Land Cover

Gemcitabine Inhibits Murine Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Growth via Proteasome-Dependent Degradation of Chk1 Leading to Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2012年第5期3卷 562-574页

作者： Anren Song Jean Wu Emily whitaker Nadarajah Vigneswaran Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences School of Dentistry University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston USA Medical Student Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis St. Louis USA

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a common tumor worldwide that often presents at an advanced stage with poor prognosis. Advanced HNSCC frequently exhibits resistance to chemotherapy limiting its efficacy. Gemcitabine is a pyrimidine-based analog that is currently used for the treatment of metastatic pancreatic cancer. In this study, we examined the anti-tumor effects of gemcitabine in a highly aggressive murine model of HNSCC (LY2). In vitro cell viability and in vivo tumor growth inhibitory assays were carried out to determine the sensitivity of LY2 cells to gemcitabine. Immunohistochemical, Western blotting, RT-PCR and RNAi-mediated silencing assays were used to characterize effects of gemcitabine cell proliferation, DNA synthesis, apoptosis, pro-survival and DNA damage response signaling pathways. LY2 cells treated with gemcitabine undergo apoptosis mediated by the activation of both caspase-3 and -9. Gemcitabine on treatment induces rapid phosphorylation of checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) in LY2 cells and subsequent degradation in a time and dose dependent manner. Proteasome inhibitor MG132 blocks Chk1 degradation and decreases LY2 cells susceptibility to gemcitabine. Inhibition of Chk1 function, either using inhibitor PD 407824 or small interfering RNA (siRNA), increases the sensitivity of LY2 cells to gemcitabine. Gemcitabine treatment resulted in significant reduction in tumor growth relative to saline-treated control in a syngeneic orthotopic murine model of HNSCC. Gemcitabine-induced DNA replication stress in LY2 cells activates Chk1 by phosphorylation and promotes Chk1 degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Depletion of Chk1 terminates S-phase check point in LY2 cells resulting in apoptotic cell death. Our data provides an important rationale for integrating gemcitabine to optimize chemotherapeutic efficacy in HNSCC.

关键词： Chk1 Gemcitabine Head and Neck Cancer Apoptosis siRNA

Assessing the Impact of Land-Use Land-Cover Change on Stream Water and Sediment Yields at a Watershed Level Using SWAT

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Open Journal of Modern Hydrology 2015年第3期5卷 68-85页

作者： Wubishet Tadesse Stephanie whitaker William Crosson Constance Wilson Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences Alabama A & M University Huntsville AL USA Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation Nashville TN USA National Space Science and Technology Center Universities Space Research Association Huntsville AL USA Department of Community and Regional Planning Alabama A & M University Huntsville AL USA

Flint River watershed is located in northern Alabama and southern Tennessee, USA and is home to several species of rare, threatened, or endangered plants and animals in a rapidly urbanizing area. Dominant land uses are forest and agricultural, with row crops and livestock production as major farm enterprises. Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), a deterministic hydrologic model that can predict hydrologic conditions over various temporal and spatial scales, was used to simulate the hydrologic response of the watershed to land-use/land cover (LULC) change. Analysis between observed and predicted stream flow demonstrated that the initial SWAT model run requires calibration of stream parameters in order to give a more accurate output from the model. The calibration was performed with sequential uncertainty fitting, ver. 2 (SUFI-2) in the SWAT Calibration Uncertainty Program. After calibration, stream sediment yield values were compared by sub-basin between a current (2001) and three future (2030) land use scenarios, in order to identify areas in the watershed that were the most susceptible to increased sediment yield in the future. The future growth scenarios (smart, plan and sprawl) were created using the ArcGIS extension, Prescott Spatial Growth Model. Sub-basins with the greatest sensitivity for larger sediment yields were identified and prioritized for conservation efforts.

关键词： SWAT Sediment Yield Prescott Spatial Growth Model LULC

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曹植与梵呗之进入中国

中国文化 2011年第1期 131-138页

作者： k.P.k.whitaker 劉志慶中国社会科学院研究生院文学系

一从内典看梵呗进入中国的基本情况引用《中国佛教术语词典》的定义,梵呗是＂宗教仪式中用来约束外在与平息内心的佛教唱颂;也用于对佛陀的赞美。＂梵呗的第一个要素＂梵＂,是＂梵览摩（Brahma）＂的音译,与印度术语语源相关;梵呗的第... 详细信息

一从内典看梵呗进入中国的基本情况引用《中国佛教术语词典》的定义,梵呗是＂宗教仪式中用来约束外在与平息内心的佛教唱颂;也用于对佛陀的赞美。＂梵呗的第一个要素＂梵＂,是＂梵览摩（Brahma）＂的音译,与印度术语语源相关;梵呗的第二个要素＂呗＂,

关键词：中国佛教梵呗曹植术语词典宗教仪式佛陀

Macromastia （large breasts）： request for breast reduction

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英国医学杂志中文版 2010年第6期13卷 380-381页

作者： k Shokrollahi I S whitaker S R Manning D Mannasiev L Y Hiew M A C S Cooper

A 39 year old woman attends your surgery with a history of "large heavy breasts" since puberty and general unhappiness with her appearance. After taking an appropriate history, you feel thal she has low self esteem, with her maeromastia playing an important role. She also describes experiencing back pain and neck ache. She wants to find out whether breast reduction surgery will help her.

关键词：巨乳房临床治疗诊断

Deep Learning for Strawberry Canopy Delineation and Biomass Prediction from High-Resolution Images

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Plant Phenomics 2022年第1期4卷 58-74页

作者： Caiwang Zheng Amr Abd-Elrahman Vance M.whitaker Cheryl Dalid Gulf Coast Research and Education Center University of FloridaWimaumaFL 33598USA School of Forest Fisheriesand Geomatics SciencesUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32603USA Horticultural Sciences Department University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32603USA

Modeling plant canopy biophysical parameters at the individual plant level remains a major *** study presents a workflow for automatic strawberry canopy delineation and biomass prediction from high-resolution images using deep neural ***-resolution(5 mm)RGB orthoimages,near-infrared(NIR)orthoimages,and Digital Surface Models(DSM),which were generated by Structure from Motion(SfM),were utilized in this *** R-CNN was applied to the orthoimages of two band combinations(RGB and RGB-NIR)to identify and delineate strawberry plant canopies.

关键词： Deep neural individual

区别伪狂犬病毒感染动物或疫苗接种动物的ELISA检测法

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中国兽药杂志 1990年第1期24卷 56-58页

作者： D.A.whitaker 江焕贤

应用抗伪狂犬病毒糖蛋白 GⅠ和 GⅡ两株特异的单克隆抗体,建立了竞争性 ELISA检测法。这种方法能区别伪狂犬病毒感染的与接种 Bartha、NIA-4或 Norden 疫苗的猪。用此法检测.接种疫苗的猪接种后3—4周能检测到血清学反应;攻击强毒后2周... 详细信息

应用抗伪狂犬病毒糖蛋白 GⅠ和 GⅡ两株特异的单克隆抗体,建立了竞争性 ELISA检测法。这种方法能区别伪狂犬病毒感染的与接种 Bartha、NIA-4或 Norden 疫苗的猪。用此法检测.接种疫苗的猪接种后3—4周能检测到血清学反应;攻击强毒后2周能检测到明显的血清学反应。两年前,关于伪狂犬病毒结构的新资料表明,一些使用多年的活的疫苗株不表达某种蛋白。如 Bartha 株和

关键词：伪狂犬病毒感染疫苗接种检测

An experimental validation of genomic selection in octoploid strawberry

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Horticulture Research 2017年第1期4卷 380-388页

作者： Salvador A Gezan Luis F Osorio Sujeet Verma Vance M whitaker School of Forest Resources and Conservation University of Florida363 Newins-Ziegler HallPO Box 110410Gainesville32611-0410FLUSA Gulf Coast Research and Education Center University of Florida14625 CR 672Wimauma33598FLUSA

The primary goal of genomic selection is to increase genetic gains for complex traits by predicting performance of individuals for which phenotypic data are not *** objective of this study was to experimentally evaluate the potential of genomic selection in strawberry breeding and to define a strategy for its *** clonally replicated field trials,two in each of 2 years comprised of a total of 1628 individuals,were established in 2013–2014 and 2014–*** complex yield and fruit quality traits with moderate to low heritability were assessed in each ***-density genotyping was performed with the Affymetrix Axiom IStraw90 single-nucleotide polymorphism array,and 17479 polymorphic markers were chosen for *** methods were compared,including Genomic BLUP,Bayes B,Bayes C,Bayesian LASSO Regression,Bayesian Ridge Regression and Reproducing kernel Hilbert ***-validation within training populations resulted in higher values than for true validations across *** true validations,Bayes B gave the highest predictive abilities on average and also the highest selection efficiencies,particularly for yield traits that were the lowest heritability *** efficiencies using Bayes B for parent selection ranged from 74%for average fruit weight to 34%for early marketable yield.A breeding strategy is proposed in which advanced selection trials are utilized as training populations and in which genomic selection can reduce the breeding cycle from 3 to 2 years for a subset of untested parents based on their predicted genomic breeding values.

关键词： breeding straw traits