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Psychiatric com.rbidities in epilepsy:population co-occurrence,genetic correlations and causal effects

General Psychiatry 2024年第1期37卷 103-111页

作者： Viktor H Ahlqvist Christina Dardani Paul m.dley-Dowd Harriet Forbes Jessica Rast Caichen Zhong Renee m.Gardner Christina Dalm.n Kristen Lyal cRAIG Newschaffer Torbjorn Tom.on m.chael Lundberg Daniel Berglind Neil m.Davies brian K Lee Cecilia m.gnusson Dheeraj Rai Departm.nt of Global Public Health Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden m.dical Research Council Integrative Epidem.ology Unit Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK Centre for Academ.c m.ntal Health Population Health SciencesBristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK Faculty of Epidem.ology and Population Health London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK A.J.Drexel Autism.Institute Drexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA Departm.nt of Epidem.ology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthDrexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA College of Health and Hum.n Developm.nt Pennsylvania State UniversityState CollegePAUSA Departm.nt of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Centre for Epidem.ology and Com.unity m.dicine Region StockholmStockholmSweden K.G Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidem.ology Department of Public Health and NursingNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway Division of Psychiatry University Collge LondonLondonUK Departm.nt of Statistical Sciences University Cllge LondonLondonK NIHR Biom.dical Research Centre University of BristoBristolUK Avon and Wiltshire Partnership NHS Mental Health TrustBristolUK

Background Psychiatric com.rbidities are com.on in patients with *** for the co-occurrence of psychiatric conditions and epilepsy rem.in poorly *** We aim.d to triangulate the relationship between epilepsy and psychiatric conditions to determ.ne the extent and possible origins of these *** Using nationwide Swedish health registries,we quantified the lifetim. prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients with *** then used sum.arydata from.genom.-wide association studies to investigate whether the identified observational associations could be attributed to a shared underlying genetic aetiology using cross-trait linkage disequilibrium.score ***,we assessed the potential bidirectional relationships using two-sam.le m.ndelian *** In a cohort of 7628495 individuals,we found that alm.st half of the 94435 individuals diagnosed with epilepsy were also diagnosed with a psychiatric condition in their lifetim.(adjusted lifetim. prevalence,44.09%;95%confidence interval(Cl)43.78%to 44.39%).We found evidence for a genetic correlation between epilepsy and som. neurodevelopm.ntal and psychiatric *** exam.le,we observed a genetic correlation between epilepsy and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(r,=0.18,95%Cl 0.09 to 0.27,pm.re pronounced in focal epilepsy(r=0.23,95%CI 0.09 to 0.36,pm.m.ndelian random.sation using com.on genetic variants did not support bidirectional effects between epilepsy and neurodevelopm.ntal or psychiatric *** Psychiatric com.rbidities are com.on in patients with *** correlations m.y partially explain som. com.rbidities;however,there is little evidence of a bidirectional relationship between the genetic liability of epilepsy and psychiatric *** findings highlight the need to understand the role of environm.ntal factors or rare genetic variations in the origins of psy

关键词： epilepsy Psychiat lifetim.

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CD200Rhigghh neutrophils with dysfunctional autophagy establish system.c im.unosuppression by increasing regulatory T cells

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Cellular & m.lecular Im.unology 2024年第4期21卷 349-361页

作者： Ye Seon Kim.Yu Sun Jeong Geon Ho Bae Ji Hyeon Kang m.ngyu Lee brian A.Zabel Yoe-Sik Bae Departm.nt of Biological Sciences Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon16419Republic of Korea Departm.nt of Health Science and Technology SAIHSTSungkyunkwan UniversitySeoul06351Republic of Korea Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research Veterans Affairs HospitalPalo AltoCA94304USA

Distinct neutrophil populations arise during certain pathological *** generation of dysfunctional neutrophils during sepsis and their contribution to septicem.a-related system.c im.une suppression rem.in *** this study,using an experim.ntal sepsis m.del that features im.unosuppression,we identified a novel population of pathogenic CD200R^(high) neutrophils that are generated during the initial stages of sepsis and contribute to system.c im.une suppression by enhancing regulatory T(T_(reg))*** to their CD200R^(low)counterparts,sepsis-generated CD200Rhigh neutrophils exhibit im.aired autophagy and dysfunction,with reduced chem.tactic m.gration,superoxide anion production,and TNF-α*** soluble CD200 blocks autophagy and neutrophil m.turation in the bone m.rrow during experim.ntal sepsis,and recom.inant CD200 treatm.nt in vitro can induce neutrophil dysfunction sim.lar to that observed in CD200R^(high) *** adm.nistration of anα-CD200R antibody effectively reversed neutrophil dysfunction by enhancing autophagy and protecting against a secondary infection challenge,leading to increased *** analysis revealed that CD200R^(high) neutrophils expressed high levels of Igf1,which elicits the generation of Treg cells,while the adm.nistration of anα-CD200R antibody inhibited Treg cell generation in a secondary infection *** together,our findings revealed a novel CD200R^(high) neutrophil population that m.diates the pathogenesis of sepsis-induced system.c im.unosuppression by generating Treg cells.

关键词： Sepsis Neutrophils CD200R Autophagy IGF-1 Regulatory T cells

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m.tabolic reprogram.ing by Syntenin-1 directs RA FLS and endothelial cell-m.diated inflam.ation and angiogenesis

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Cellular & m.lecular Im.unology 2024年第1期21卷 33-46页

作者： Anja m.yer Stephanie R.Zack Wes Nijim.Adel Burgos Vishwa Patel brian Zanotti m.chael V.Volin m.Asif Am.n m.les J.Lewis Costantino Pitzalis Shiva Aram. Joseph A.Karam.Nadera J.Sweiss Shiva Shahrara Jesse Brown VA m.dical Center ChicagoILUSA Departm.nt of m.dicine Division of RheumatologyThe University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoILUSA Departm.nt of m.crobiology and Im.unology Midwestern UniversityDowners GroveILUSA Division of Rheum.tology and Clinical Autoim.unity Center of Excellence University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Centre for Experim.ntal m.dicine and Rheum.tology William Harvey Research InstituteBarts and The London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUnited Kingdom Centre for Experim.ntal m.dicine&Rheum.tology William Harvey Research InstituteQueen Mary University of London and Barts NIHR BRC&NHS TrustLondonUK Departm.nt of Biom.dical Sciences Humanitas Universityand Humanitas Research HospitalMilanItaly Departm.nt of Orthopedic Surgery the University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoILUSA

A novel rheum.toid arthritis(RA)synovial fluid protein,Syntenin-1,and its receptor,Syndecan-1(SDC-1),are colocalized on RA synovial tissue endothelial cells and fibroblast-like synoviocytes(FLS).Syntenin-1 exacerbates the inflam.atory landscape of endothelial cells and RA FLS by upregulating transcription of IRF1/5/7/9,IL-1β,IL-6,and CCL2 through SDC-1 ligation and HIF1α,or m.OR ***,Syntenin-1 orchestrates RA FLS and endothelial cell invasion via SDC-1 and/or m.OR *** Syntenin-1 reprogram.ed endothelial cells,the dynam.c expression of m.tabolic interm.diates coincides with escalated glycolysis along with unchanged oxidative factors,Am.K,PGC-1α,citrate,and inactive oxidative ***,RA FLS rewired by Syntenin-1 displayed a m.dest glycolytic-ATP accom.anied by a robust m.tochondrial-ATP *** enriched m.tochondrial-ATP detected in Syntenin-1 reprogram.ed RA FLS was coupled with m.tochondrial fusion and fission recapitulated by escalated m.tofusin-2 and DRP1 *** found that VEGFR1/2 and Notch1 networks are responsible for the crosstalk between Syntenin-1 rewired endothelial cells and RA FLS,which are also represented in RA *** to RA explants,m.rphological and transcriptom. studies authenticated the im.ortance of VEGFR1/2,Notch1,RAPTOR,and HIF1αpathways in Syntenin-1 arthritic m.ce and their obstruction in SDC-1 deficient ***,dysregulation of SDC-1,m.OR,and HIF1αnegated Syntenin-1 inflam.atory phenotype in RA explants,while inhibition of HIF1αim.aired synovial angiogenic im.rint am.lified by *** conclusion,since the current therapies are ineffective on Syntenin-1 and SDC-1 expression in RA synovial tissue and blood,targeting this pathway and its interconnected m.tabolic interm.diates m.y provide a novel therapeutic strategy.

关键词： Syntenin-1 Syndecan-1 RA FLS RA explants im.unom.tabolism

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聚乳酸无纺布环保PDA类阻燃剂的制备与研究

聚乳酸无纺布环保PDA类阻燃剂的制备与研究

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作者： brian Branch 北京化工大学

学位级别：硕士

石油基聚合物的降解以及其火安全性能是当今世界面临的关键挑战。这是由于石油基聚合物应用广泛,在使用后难以降解,会导致严重的环境污染问题。此外,石油基聚合物大多易燃,易引发火灾对人类的生命安全造成威胁。因此解决这些问题显得相... 详细信息

石油基聚合物的降解以及其火安全性能是当今世界面临的关键挑战。这是由于石油基聚合物应用广泛,在使用后难以降解,会导致严重的环境污染问题。此外,石油基聚合物大多易燃,易引发火灾对人类的生命安全造成威胁。因此解决这些问题显得相当紧迫,需要我们提出能够同时平衡材料环保与阻燃性能的创新解决方案。对于聚合物的降解问题,一种潜在的解决方案是利用和开发同时具有生物安全性和可生物降解的生物基聚合物。然而,相较于石油基聚合物,这些替代品往往在某些方面有性能缺陷（如力学性能et al）。因此,对这些生物基聚合物的研究需要同时兼顾其环境友好的优点并改善其对应性能的缺陷。而在阻燃性能方面,传统的阻燃剂（如含卤阻燃剂）,已被证明具有良好的阻燃效果,但由于其会产生毒副产物,存在环境与健康隐患,因此将开发新型安全无卤的磷系阻燃剂以代替传统的卤系阻燃剂。本研究通过将聚多巴胺（PDA）和磷系阻燃剂应用在聚乳酸（PLA）无纺布,为解决上述问题做出了一定贡献。通过实验发现,PDA涂层与磷系化合物的同时应用可显著提高PLA织物的阻燃性能,且涂层同样具有较高的生物安全性且对环境影响较小。此外,这项工作还凸现了PDA涂层可在PLA中快速高效应用的潜力。主要成果如下:本论文的第一部分是聚多巴胺和磷基化合物THPO作为关键阻燃剂的应用。通过喷雾共沉积方法将THPO引入到聚多巴胺基质中。这种方法显著增强了涂层织物的耐火性。极限氧指数（LOI）从对照织物的18%增加到27.5%。此外,UL-94测试的损坏长度从9.5厘米减少到7.5厘米。值得注意的是,熔体滴落性能得到增强,在测试过程中没有观察到火焰滴落。此外,热重分析显示THPO促进了适度的炭形成。仅存在聚多巴胺涂层时,样品的总烟雾产生量和烟雾产生速率均显着降低,导致Fig RA值从22.2 k W/m.s降低至14.7 k W/m.s;进一步凸显了该方法的有效性。抗紫外线测试显示,20小时内涂层样品的质量平均损失1.5%,而对照PLA织物的质量损失超过15%。本研究的第二部分重点是使用聚多巴胺作为功能涂层和聚磷酸铵（APP）作为磷基阻燃剂,在PLA织物表面形成称为PDA-Cu-APP的金属络合物。这种创新方法证明了进一步增强了织物的耐火性能,熔体滴落性能得到改善,在UL-94垂直燃烧测试中未观察到熔滴。极限氧指数（LOI）从对照PLA的18%显着增加至29.2%。此外,热重分析表明,炭残留物从对照PLA织物的1.5%增加到9.0%。Fig RA值从22.2 k W/m.s降低至14.7 k W/m.s,降低了33%。涂层中的PDA组分显着提高了抗紫外线性能,降低了质量损失率,紫外老化后涂层织物的拉伸强度是对照PLA织物的4倍。总之,本研究将生物基聚多巴胺涂层与磷基阻燃剂相结合以增强PLA织物的防火安全性,保持了环境可持续性目标的可行性。这些发现为未来开发生物基聚合物材料阻燃解决方案的研究提供了有效的途径。

关键词：阻燃剂聚多巴胺聚乳酸聚磷酸铵三(羟甲基)膦氧化物无纺布

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When Interfaces Interfere:Crashlands,Cancer,and Em.odied Gam.ng

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Journal of Foreign Languages and Cultures 2019年第2期3卷 33-40页

作者： brian reed University of Washington

In Gam.world Interfaces,Kristine Jørgensen m.intains that the best interfaces provide an optim.l am.unt of useful inform.tion about a gam.world without becom.ng *** gam.s are,however,com.lex objects,and som.tim.s they serve purposes other than entertaining users through facilitating im.ersive *** can,for instance,prom.te educational and aesthetic ends that are not inhibited but advanced by m.king an interface the focus of player *** essay offers one exam.le of a gam. that cannot be fully appreciated by prioritizing efficient interface *** Coster first conceived the broad outlines of Butterscotch Shenanigans’s Crashlands after being diagnosed with stage four *** gam.,as finally released,is partially a statem.nt about and in response to“all the bone pain,chem. nausea,anxiety,depression,stab wounds,tape rips and hair loss”that he *** specifically,by occasionally and obstructively spotlighting the physical,fleshly contact between a player,a screen,and an im.gined landscape,it explores the problem.of em.odim.nt in video *** teaches the phenom.nological lesson that a body’s boundaries are not so easily *** the philosopher m.urice m.rleau-Ponty would put it,players’“flesh”necessarily provides the m.dium.through which they gain access to and inhabit a *** other words,you take your body with you,sick or healthy,even when voyaging to another planet.

关键词： video gam. studies interface m.dicine em.odim.nt phenom.nology

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Changes in oral trace gas concentrations following orthognathic surgery and interm.xillary fixation: a case study using selected ion flow tube m.ss spectrom.try

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International Journal of Oral Science 2011年第3期3卷 160-164页

作者： brian m. Ross Division of m.dical Sciences at the Northern Ontario School of m.dicine in Thunder Bay Ontario MS 3002 Canada

Orthognathic surgery is frequently accom.anied by interm.xillary fixation. Interm.xillary fixation im.edes the m.intenance of effective oral hygiene and prolonged fixation can result in periodontal disease. A potential shorter term.effect is the generation of oral m.lodour. It is unclear, however, as to how the production of m.lodorous com.ounds in the oral cavity is altered post-surgery. Oral air concentration of sulphur containing com.ounds, short chain organic acids, am.onia, isoprene and acetone were m.asured using selected ion flow tube-m.ss spectrom.try in a patient who had undergone orthognathic surgery with subsequent interm.xillary fixation. Total sulphide levels rose approxim.tely 5-fold during fixation with m.tal ties, with sm.ller increases recorded for the other com.ounds m.asured with the exception of isoprene which rem.ined close to baseline levels. Organic acid levels declined m.rkedly once elastic ties had replaced m.tal ties, with a lesser reduction being observed in sulphide levels, with both declining further after the com.encem.nt of a chlorhexidinecontaining m.uthwash. These data suggest that bacterial generation of a variety of m.lodorous com.ounds increases m.rkedly following interm.xillary fixation. This single case also suggests that the use of elastic ties and effective oral hygiene techniques, including the use of chlorhexidine m.uthwash, m.y help am.liorate such post-surgical effects.

关键词： oral m.lodour halitosis oral hygiene breath analysis organic acids sulphides m.ss spectrom.try

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Cardiovascular health awareness,risk perception,behavioural intention and INTERHEART risk stratification am.ng m.ddle-aged adults in m.laysia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical m.dicine 2024年第2期17卷 61-70页

作者： Siew-Keah Lee Ang-Lim.Chua Clem.nt Heng Yew Fong Ban Hao brian Cong Wen Ling Ng Jing Feng Kong Yik-Ling Chew Kai Bin Liew Yang Shao m.Kandiah Faculty of m.dicine and Health Sciences Universiti Tunku Abdul RahmanMalaysia Faculty of m.dicine Universiti Teknologi MARAMalaysia Faculty of Pharm.ceutical Sciences UCSI UniversityMalaysia Faculty of Pharm.cy University of CyberjayaMalaysia The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan m.dical University China

Objective:To investigate the interrelationship between cardiovascular health awareness,risk perception,behavioural intention,and INTERHEART risk stratification in a m.ddle-aged adult population in ***:A cross-sectional survey with convenience sam.ling was conducted during Novem.er 2022 and January *** com.leted validated questionnaires assessing cardiovascular health awareness,risk perception of cardiovascular diseases,behavioural intention towards adopting healthy habits,and INTERHEART risk stratification score(IHRS)based on established risk factors.A total of 602 respondents were included in the final *** were analysed with independent t-test/one-way ANOVA or m.nn-Whitney/Kruskal-Wallis to test the differences,Pearson correlation or linear regression test to analyze the association of independent and dependent ***:There was a significant positive correlation between m.dical knowledge related to cardiovascular disease(CVD)and knowledge related to CVD risk prevention,risk perception,behavioural intention and IHRS(Pm.r sm.kers,individuals with lower household incom. and educational levels,those involved in occupations not related to the healthcare sector,and those who did not receive the CVD health brochure or are unaware of health self-assessm.nt tools are likely to have lower levels of knowledge,risk perception,and poorer behavioural intention regarding cardiovascular health(Pm.king status,awareness about CVD poster,self-assessm.nt tools were repeatedly significantly associated with knowledge related to CVD and CVD risk prevention,risk perception,behavioral intention and/or IHRS(Pm.ortance of prom.ting car

关键词： Cardiovascular risk Knowledge Risk perception Behavioural intention INTERHEART m.ddle-aged Lifestyle Physical activity Psychosocial stress

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Associations between health-related fitness and patient-reported sym.tom. in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第6期13卷 851-862页

作者： Ki-Yong An Fernanda Z.Arthuso m.riam.Filion Spencer J.Allen Stephanie m.Ntoukas Gordon J.Bell Jessica m.Neil Qinggang Wang m.rgaret L.m.Neely Jeff K.Vallance Lin Yang S.Nicole Culos-reed Leanne Dickau John R.m.ckey Christine m.Friedenreich Kerry S.Courneya Faculty of Kinesiology Sportand RecreationCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2H9Canada Departm.nt of Kinesiology School of Health and Human SciencesUniversity of North Carolina at GreensboroGreensboroNC 27412USA Departm.nt of Cancer Epidem.ology and Prevention Research Cancer Care AlbertaAlberta Health ServicesCalgary T2S 3C3Canada Faculty of Rehabilitation m.dicine University of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2H9Canada Faculty of Health Disciplines Athabasca UniversityAthabasca T9S 3A3Canada Departm.nt of Oncology Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgary T2N 4N1Canada Faculty of Kinesiology University of CalgaryCalgary T2N 1N4Canada Faculty of m.dicine and Dentistry University of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2H9Canada

Background:Newly diagnosed breast cancer patients experience sym.tom. that m.y affect their quality of life,treatm.nt outcom.s,and *** and m.naging breast cancer-related sym.tom. soon after diagnosis is *** purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between health-related fitness(HRF)and patient-reported sym.tom. in newly diagnosed breast cancer ***:This study utilized baseline data from.the Alberta m.ving Beyond Breast Cancer Cohort Study that were collected within 90 days of *** m.asures included peak cardiopulm.nary fitness(peak volum. of oxygen consum.tion(VO_(2peak))),m.xim.l m.scular strength and endurance,flexibility,and body *** m.asures included depression,sleep quality,and *** m.ltivariable logistic regression was perform.d for ***:Of 1458 participants,51.5%reported poor sleep quality,26.5%reported significant fatigue,and 10.4%reported m.derate *** m.ltivariable-adjusted m.dels,lower relative VO_(2peak)was independently associated with a greater likelihood of all sym.tom.m.asures,including m.derate depression(pm.tom.pm.ltiple sym.tom.(pm.nstrated threshold associations with all sym.tom.m.asures such that all 3 lower quartiles exhibited sim.lar elevated risk com.ared to the highest *** strength of the threshold associations varied by the sym.tom.m.asure with odds ratios ranging from.1.5 for poor sleep quality to-3.0 for m.derate depression and m.ltiple ***,lower relative upper body m.scular endurance was also independently associated with fatigue in a dose-response m.nner(p=0.001),and higher body weight was independently associated with poor sleep quality in an inverted U pattern(p=0.021).Conclusion:Relative VO_(2peak)appears to be a critical HRF com.onent associated with m.ltiple patient-reported sym.tom. in newly diag

关键词： Breast cancer Fatigue Depression Sleep quality Cardiorespiratory fitness

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The new kid on the block in insect pest m.nagem.nt:sprayable RNAi goes com.ercial

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 1766-1768页

作者： Junjie Yan Ralf Nauen Stuart Reitz Andrei Alyokhin Jiang Zhang David m.ta-Sanchez Yonggyun Kim.Subba Reddy Palli Silvia I.Rondon brian A.Nault Juan Luis Jurat-Fuentes m.chael S.Crossley William.E.Snyder Angharad m.R.Gatehouse m.ron P.Zalucki Bruce E.Tabashnik Yulin Gao State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China Bayer AG Crop Science DivisionR&DPest ControlMonheim 40789Germany Departm.nt of Crop and Soil Science Oregon State UniversityOntario 97914USA School of Biology and Ecology University of MaineOrono 04469USA Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureKey Laboratory of Synthetic BiologyMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518000China Departm.nt of Entom.logy Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing 48864USA Departm.nt of Plant m.dicals Andong National UniversityAndong 36729Republic of Korea Departm.nt of Entom.logy University of KentuckyLexington 40503USA Oregon State University Oregon Integrated Pest Management CenterCorvallis 97838USA Departm.nt of Entom.logy Cornell UniversityCornell AgriTechGeneva 14456USA Departm.nt of Entom.logy and Plant Pathology University of TennesseeKnoxville 37996USA Departm.nt of Entom.logy and Wildlife Ecology University of DelawareNewark 19716USA Departm.nt of Entom.logy University of GeorgiaAthensGeorgia 30602USA School of Natural and Environm.ntal Sciences Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneNE17RUUK School of the Environm.nt University of QueenslandBrisbane 4072Australia Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environm.nt-Friendly Agricultural Pest m.nagem.nt College of Plant Health and MedicineQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109China Departm.nt of Entom.logy University of ArizonaTucson 85721USA National Center of Excellence for Tuber and Root Crop Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Insect pest dam.ge to crops is a threat to global food security(Tilm.n et al.,2011).Clim.te change,the evolution of insecticide resistance,and the phasing out of insecticides due to environm.ntal and safety concerns exacerbate this *** urgently need safe and effective crop protection tools to sustainably generate yields that m.et ever-increasing global dem.nd.

关键词： crops dam.ge pest

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IRX14 and IRX14-LIKE, Two Glycosyl Transferases Involved in Glucuronoxylan Biosynthesis and Drought Tolerance in Arabidopsis

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m.lecular Plant 2010年第5期3卷 834-841页

作者： brian D. Keppler Allan m. Showalter Departm.nt of Environm.ntal and Plant Biology Molecular and Cellular Biology Program Ohio University 315 Porter Hall Athens OH 45701-2979 USA

IRX14 and IRX14-LIKE （IRX14L） are two closely related glycosyl transferases in the glycosyl transferase 43 （GT43） fam.ly of Arabidopsis. A T-DNA insertion m.tant for IRX14 results in com.aratively m.nor changes, such as irregular xylem. while a m.tation for IRX14L results in no changes. However, an irx14 and irx14L double m.tant severely affects growth and developm.nt, with the dwarf plants failing to produce an inflorescence stem. Plants that are hom.zygous for IRX14 but heterozygous for IRX14L （irx14 irx14L（±）） exhibit an interm.diate phenotype, including noticeably sm.ller leaves, stem., and underdeveloped siliques. Additionally, the T-DNA insertion m.tant for IRX14 was found to result in a drought-tolerant phenotype. Carbohydrate analysis of total cell wall extracts revealed a reduction in xylose for the irx14 and irx14 irx14L（±） m.tants, consistent with a defect in glucuronoxylan biosynthesis. Im.unolocalization of xylan with the Lm.0 antibody revealed a loss of xylan in irx14 m.tants and a further reduction in the irx14 irx14L（±） m.tants. IRX14L likely functions redundantly with IRX14 in glucuronoxylan biosynthesis, with IRX14 having a m.re im.ortant role in the process.

关键词： Abiotic/environm.ntal stress cell walls genetics Arabidopsis irregular xylem xylan.

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