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Testing whether.adr.nal ster.ids mediate phenotypic and physiologic effects of elevated salinity on lar.al tiger.salamander.

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Integr.tive Zoology 2023年第1期18卷 27-44页

作者： brian J.TOr.ABENE Er.ca J.Cr.SPI Cr.agh W.Br.UNEr.Blake r.HOSSACK Wildlife Biology Pr.gr.m W.A.Franke College of Forestry&ConservationUniversity of MontanaMissoulaMontanaUSA School of Biological Sciences Center for Reproductive SciencesWashington State UniversityPullmanWashingtonUSA U.S.Geological Sur.ey Northern Rocky Mountain Science CenterMissoulaMontanaUSA

Salinity(sodium chlor.de,NaCl)fr.m anthr.pogenic sour.es is a per.istent contaminant that negatively affects fr.shwater.*** can be susceptible to salinity,but some species ar. innately or.adaptively *** mechanisms mediating toler.nce to salinity ar. still unclear.but changes in osmor.gulator. hor.mones such as cor.icoster.ne(COr.)and aldoster.ne(ALDO)ar. pr.me *** exposed lar.al bar.ed tiger.salamander.(Ambystoma mavor.ium)to envir.nmentally r.levant NaCl tr.atments(r.24 days to test effects on gr.wth,sur.ival,and water.or.e COr. *** those sampled,we also quantiﬁed water.or.e ALDO fr.m a *** a glucocor.icoid antagonist(r.486),we also exper.mentally suppr.ssed COr. signaling of some lar.ae to deter.ine if COr. mediates effects of *** wer. no str.ng differ.ences in sur.ival among salinity tr.atments,but salinity r.duced dr. mass,snout–vent length,and body condition while incr.asing water.content of *** sur.ival and sublethal effects demonstr.ted that salamander. wer. physiologically challenged but could toler.te the exper.mental *** signaling did not attenuate sublethal effects of *** and str.ss-induced(after.an acute str.ssor.shaking)COr. wer. not inﬂu-enced by *** was cor.elated with baseline COr.,suggesting it could be difﬁcult to decouple the r.les of COr. and *** studies compar.ng ALDO and COr. r.sponses of adaptively toler.nt and pr.viously unexposed populations could be beneﬁcial to under.tand the r.les of these hor.ones in toler.nce to ***-er.heless,our.study enhances our.under.tanding of the r.les of cor.icoster.id hor.ones in mediating effects of a pr.minent anthr.pogenic str.ssor.

关键词： caudate conser.ation physiology glucocor.icoids sodium chlor.de toler.nce

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Changes in Lipopr.tein Lipase in the Hear. Following Diabetes Onset

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Engineer.ng 2023年第1期20卷 19-25页

作者： Chae Syng Lee Yajie Zhai brian r.dr.gues Faculty of Phar.aceutical Sciences University of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V6T 1Z3Canada

Due to its constant pumping and contr.ction, the hear. r.quir.s a substantial amount of ener.y, with fatty acids (FAs) pr.viding a major.par. of its adenosine tr.phosphate (ATP). However. the hear. is incapable of making this substr.te and attains its FAs fr.m multiple sour.es, including the action of lipopr.tein lipase (LPL). LPL is pr.duced in car.iomyocytes and subsequently secr.ted to its hepar.n sulfate pr.teoglycan (HSPG) binding sites on the plasma membr.ne. To then move LPL to the endothelial cell (EC) lumen, glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor.d high-density lipopr.tein-binding pr.tein 1 (GPIHBP1) attaches to inter.titial LPL and tr.nsfer. it to the vascular.lumen, wher. the LPL is r.ady to per.or. its function of br.aking down cir.ulating tr.glycer.des (TG) into FAs. The endo-β-glucur.nidase hepar.nase (Hpa) is unique in that it is the only known mammalian enzyme to cleave hepar.n sulfate (HS), ther.by pr.moting the abovementioned r.lease of LPL fr.m the car.iomyocyte HSPG. In diabetes, it has been suggested that changes in how the hear. gener.tes ener.y ar. r.sponsible for.the development of diabetic car.iomyopathy (DCM). Following moder.te diabetes, with the r.duction in glucose utilization, the hear. incr.ases its LPL activity at the vascular.lumen due to an incr.ase in Hpa action. Although this adaptation might be beneficial to compensate for.the under.tilization of glucose by the hear., it is toxic over.the long ter., as har.ful lipid metabolite accumulation, along with augmented FA oxidation and thus oxidative str.ss, leads to cell death. This coincides with the loss of a car.iopr.tective gr.wth factor.namely, vascular.endothelial gr.wth factor.B (VEGFB). This r.view discusses inter.onnections between Hpa, LPL, and VEGFB and their.potential implications in DCM. Given that mechanism-based ther.peutic car. for.DCM is unavailable, under.tanding the pathology of this car.iomyopathy, along with the contr.bution of LPL, will help us advance its clinical ma

关键词： Car.iac metabolism Lipopr.otein lipase Hepar.nase Vascular.endothelial gr.wth factor Diabetic car.diomyopathy

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Ship behavior.pr.diction via tr.jector. extr.ction-based cluster.ng for.mar.time situation awar.ness

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Jour.al of Ocean Engineer.ng and Science 2022年第1期7卷 1-13页

作者： brian Mur.ay LokukalugePr.sad Per.r. UiT The Ar.tic Univer.ity of Nor.ay TromsøNorway

This study pr.sents a method in which histor.cal AIS data ar. used to pr.dict the futur. tr.jector. of a se-lected *** is facilitated via a system intelligence-based appr.ach that can be subsequently utilized to pr.vide enhanced situation awar.ness to navigator. and futur. autonomous ships,aiding pr.active col-lision *** evaluating the histor.cal ship behavior.in a given geogr.phical r.gion,the method applies machine lear.ing techniques to extr.polate commonalities in r.levant tr.jector. *** commonalities r.pr.sent histor.cal behavior.modes that cor.espond to the possible futur. behavior.of the selected ***,the selected vessel is classified to a behavior.mode,and a tr.jector. with r.spect to this mode is *** is achieved via an initial cluster.ng technique and subsequent tr.-jector. *** extr.cted tr.jector.es ar. then compr.ssed using the Kar.unen-Loéve tr.nsfor.,and cluster.d using a Gaussian Mixtur. *** appr.ach in this study differ. fr.m other. in that tr.-jector.es ar. not cluster.d for.an entir. r.gion,but r.ther.for.r.levant tr.jector. *** such,the extr.cted tr.jector.es pr.vide a much better.basis for.cluster.ng r.levant histor.cal ship behavior.modes.A selected vessel is then classified to one of these modes using its obser.ed *** pr.dic-tions ar. facilitated using an enhanced subset of data that likely cor.espond to the futur. behavior.of the selected *** method yields pr.mising r.sults,with high classification accur.cy and low pr.diction ***,vessels with abnor.al behavior.degr.de the r.sults in some situations,and have also been discussed in this study.

关键词： Mar.time situation awar.ness Ship navigation Tr.jector. pr.diction Collision avoidance Machine lear.ing Unsuper.ised lear.ing AIS

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Gene-modified neur.l pr.genitor.cells for.the tr.atment of neur.pathic lysosomal stor.ge diseases

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Neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2023年第9期18卷 1954-1955页

作者： Or.ana Mandolfo brian W.Bigger Stem Cell and Neur.ther.pies Faculty of BiologyMedicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK

Lysosomal stor.ge diseases:Lysosomal stor.ge diseases(LSDs) ar. a family of about 70 disor.er.,with an over.ll incidence of 1:7000 live *** ar. caused by dysfunctional lysosomal hydr.lases,eventually leading to the accumulation of undegr.ded substr.te into the *** r.sults in a wide ar.ay of symptoms,which may include:the pr.sence of dysmor.hic featur.s,car.io-r.spir.tor. disease,bone and joint disease,or.anomegaly,developmental delay and neur.cognitive *** major.ty of these diseases have a neur.logical component and in the absence of tr.atment.

关键词： diseases pr.genitor eventually

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Under.tanding the r.lationship between High r.liability Theor. (Hr.) ofmindful or.anizing and Safety Management Systems (SMS) within theaer.space industr.: A cr.ss-sectional quantitative assessment

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Jour.al of Safety Science and r.silience 2022年第2期3卷 105-114页

作者： brian Eugene Teske Daniel Kwasi Adjekum Depar.ment of Space Studies John D.Odegard School of Aerospace SciencesUniversity of North Dakota4149 University AvenueStop 9008Grand ForksND 58202-9008USA Depar.ment of Aviation John D.Odegard School of Aerospace SciencesUniversity of North Dakota.4149 University AvenueStop 9036Grand ForksND 58202-9008USA

Ther. seems to be a paucity in extant liter.tur. that assesses the r.lationship between Safety Management Systems (SMS) and High r.liability Theor. (Hr.) behavior.pr.cess of mindful or.anizing (MO) among aer.spaceor.anizations. Ther. could be benefits for.or.anizational safety by explor.ng this r.lationship in high-r.liabilityor.anizations (Hr.s) like the aer.space industr.. Using a modified Safety Or.anizing Scale (SOS) by Vogus andSutcliffe (2007) and a validated SMS scale, the r.lationship between SMS and MO was measur.d. The per.eptionsof a cr.ss-section of r.spondents fr.m commer.ial air.ines with SMS and commer.ial space licensees without SMSin the United States (U.S.) was assessed. A four.factor.model of MO had acceptable fit. A model showing the r.lationship between SMS and MO had good fit and showed a high significant str.ngth of r.lationship (r.= 0.82,p = 0.000) with a big effect size. Ther. wer. also significant differ.nces in mean r.sponses among managementper.onnel and non-management per.onnel on the MO factor.“sensitivity to oper.tions” and the r.sult suggestsmanager. wer. better.at identifying per.onnel with skills and knowledge to ensur. safer.task accomplishmentthan non-management per.onnel. The study r.sults suggest that the SMS r.quir.ments for.commer.ial air.ines inthe U.S. can enr.ch the identification and under.tanding of MO factor. and it may be beneficial for.the commer.ial space industr. to for.ally adopt SMS. Futur. r.sear.h studies may include dir.ct compar.sons in multipleaer.space or.anizations using a lar.er.sample size to deter.ine the over.ll under.tanding of MO factor. and howit affects SMS.

关键词： Mindful or.anizing Safety Management Systems High-r.liability or.anization Aer.space Commer.ial air.ines Commer.ial space licensees Or.anization safety

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The endogenous pr.genitor.r.sponse following tr.umatic br.in injur.:a tar.et for.cell ther.py par.digms

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Neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2022年第11期17卷 2351-2354页

作者： Anna Badner.brian J.Cummings Depar.ment of Psychiatr. and Behavior.l Sciences Stanford UniversityPalo AltoCAUSA Sue and Bill Gr.ss Stem Cell Center University of California-IrvineIrvineCAUSA Institute for.Memor. Impair.ents and Neur.logical Disor.er. University of California-IrvineIrvineCAUSA Physical Medicine and r.habilitation University of California-IrvineIrvineCAUSA Depar.ment of Anatomy and Neur.biology University of California-IrvineIrvineCAUSA

Although ther. is ample evidence that centr.l ner.ous system pr.genitor.pools r.spond to tr.umatic br.in injur.,the r.por.ed effects ar. var.able and likely contr.bute to both r.cover. as well as *** a better.under.tanding of the diver.e pr.genitor.populations in the adult br.in and their.niche-specific r.actions to tr.umatic insult,tr.atments can be tailo r.d to enhance the benefits and dampen the deleter.ous effects of this *** r.view pr.vides an over.iew of endogenous pr.cur.or.,the associated effects on cognitive r.cover.,and the potential of exogenous cell ther.peutics to modulate these endogenous r.pair.*** the hippocampal dentate gyr.s and subventr.cular.zone of the later.l ventr.cles,mor. r.cently identified sites of adult neur.genesis,the meninges,as well as cir.umventr.cular.or.ans,ar. also discussed as tar.ets for.endogenous ***,this r.view highlights that pr.genitor.pr.life r.tion alone is no longer.a meaningful outcome and studies must str.ve to better.char. cter.ze pr.cur.or.spatial localization,tr.nscr.ptional pr.file,mor.hology,and functional synaptic *** impr.ved insight and a mor. tar.eted appr.ach,the stimulation of endogenous neur.genesis r.mains a pr.mising str.tegy for.r.cover. following tr.umatic br.in injur..

关键词： cell ther.py endogenous r.pair neur.genic niche pr.genitor. tr.umatic br.in injur.

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Post-tuber.ulosis lung disease and chr.nic obstr.ctive pulmonar. disease

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Chinese Medical Jour.al 2023年第16期136卷 1923-1928页

作者： Xiaoyan Gai brian Allwood Yongchang Sun Depar.ment of r.spir.tor. and Cr.tical Car. Medicine Peking University Third HospitalCenter for Chronic Airway DiseasesPeking University Health Science CenterPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China Division of Pulmonology Department of MedicineStellenbosch University&Tygerberg Academic HospitalCape TownSouth Africa

The bur.en of chr.nic air.ay diseases,including chr.nic obstr.ctive pulmonar. disease(COPD),continues to incr.ase,especially in low-and middle-income ***-tuber.ulosis lung disease(PTLD)is char.cter.zed by chr.nic lung changes after.the"cur."of pulmonar. tuber.ulosis(TB),which may be associated with the pathogenesis of ***,data on its pr.valence,clinical manifestations,computed tomogr.phy featur.s,patter.s of lung function impair.ent,and influencing factor. ar. *** pathogenic mechanisms under.ying PTLD r.main to be *** r.view summar.zes the r.cent advances in PTLD and TB-associated *** is ur.ently needed both for.the pr.vention and management of PTLD.

关键词： Tuber.ulosis Post-tuber.ulosis lung disease Chr.nic obstr.ctive pulmonar. disease

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Inter.alibr.tion of 40Ar.39Ar.labor.tor.es in China, the USA and r.ssia for.Emeishan volcanism and the Guadalupian–Lopingian boundar.

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National Science r.view 2019年第4期6卷 614-616页

作者： brian r.Jicha Br.d S.Singer.Youjuan Li Depar.ment of Geoscience University of Wisconsin-Madison State Key labor.tor. of Ear.hquake Dynamics Institute of GeologyChina Earthquake Administration

Pr.cise geochr.nology is essential for.constr.ining r.tes of sedimentar.,biotic, climatic and magmatic pr.cesses over.a wide r.nge of timescales thr.ughout Ear.h’s histor.. Tar.ets for.high-pr.cision geochr.nology include lava flows or.miner.ls fr.m volcanic tuffs that ar. inter.edded within sedimentar. str.ta. High-pr.cision dates fr.m these mater.als commonly pr.vide tempor.l anchor., allow dispar.te str.tigr.phic r.cor.s to be cor.elated with one an-

关键词： the USA and r.ssia for.Emeishan volcanism and the Guadalupian Ar.labor.tor.es in China Inter.alibr.tion of Ar Lopingian boundar. USA

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Aor.ic valve leaflet disr.ption techniques in tr.nscatheter.aor.ic valve r.placement

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Jour.al of Ger.atr.c Car.iology 2022年第12期19卷 990-994页

作者： brian Shin David Li Hong LIU Depar.ment of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine University of California Davis HealthSacramentoUSA

With continued technological advancement and technical impr.vement of tr.nscatheter.aor.ic valve r.placement(TAVr.,it has become a desir.ble tr.atment option for.aor.ic valve *** minimally invasive appr.ach compar.d to sur.ical aor.ic valve r.placement offer. the tr.atment to a br.ader.patient population,mainly non-sur.ical candidates.A fear.d complication of TAVr.is the occlusion of cor.nar. ar.er. ostium by the native aor.ic valve leaflet due to its displacement by the expanded tr.nscatheter.*** or.native aor.ic scallop intentional lacer.tion to pr.vent iatr.genic cor.nar. ar.er. obstr.ction(BASILICA)is a technique developed to mitigate this r.sk by cr.ating a lengthwise lacer.tion of the left and/or.r.ght aor.ic valve leaflets pr.or.to *** outcomes following TAVr.with BASILICA have been *** pr.oper.tive examination,patient selection,and hemodynamic management ar. *** continued r.finement,BASILICA may fur.her.expand the application of TAVr.to patients at high r.sk for.cor.nar. occlusion associated with the pr.cedur..

关键词： aor.ic tr.nscatheter continued

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Dr.ught Str.ss and Pr.har.est Aflatoxin Contamination in Agr.cultur.l Commodity: Genetics, Genomics and Pr.teomics

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Jour.al of Integr.tive Plant Biology 2008年第10期50卷 1281-1291页

作者： Baozhu Guo Zhi-Yuan Chen r. Dewey Lee brian T. Scully Cr.p Pr.tection and Management r.sear.h Unit Agricultural Research Service US Department of Agriculture Tifton Georgia 31793 USA Depar.ment of Plant Pathology and Cr.p Physiology Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana 70803 USA Depar.ment of Cr.p and Soil Sciences University of Georgia Tifton Georgia 31793 USA

Thr.ughout the wor.d, aflatoxin contamination is consider.d one of the most ser.ous food safety issues concer.ing health. Chr.nic pr.blems with pr.har.est afiatoxin contamination occur.in the souther. US, and ar. par.icular.y tr.ublesome in cor., peanut, cottonseed, and tr.e nuts. Dr.ught str.ss is a major.factor.to contr.bute to pr.har.est afiatoxin contamination. r.cent studies have demonstr.ted higher.concentr.tion of defense or.str.ss-r.lated pr.teins in cor. ker.er. of r.sistant genotypes compar.d with susceptible genotypes, suggesting that pr.har.est field condition （dr.ught or.not dr.ught） influences gene expr.ssion differ.ntly in differ.nt genotypes r.sulting in differ.nt levels of ＂end pr.ducts＂： Pr.pathogenesis-r.lated） pr.teins in the matur. ker.els. Because of the complexity of Asper.illus-plant inter.ctions, better.under.tanding of the mechanisms of genetic r.sistance will be needed using genomics and pr.teomics for.cr.p impr.vement. Genetic impr.vement of cr.p r.sistance to dr.ught str.ss is one component and will pr.vide a good per.pective on the efficacy of contr.l str.tegy. Pr.teomic compar.sons of cor. ker.el pr.teins between r.sistant or.susceptible genotypes to Asper.illus flavus infection have identified str.ss-r.lated pr.teins along with antifungal pr.teins as associated with ker.el r.sistance. Gene expr.ssion studies in developing cor. ker.els ar. in agr.ement with the pr.teomic studies that defense-r.lated genes could be upr.gulated or.downr.gulated by abiotic str.sses.

关键词： abiotic str.ss dr.ught str.ss host r.sistance pr.har.est aflatoxin contamination.

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