检索结果-南通市图书馆

American Journal of Plant Sciences 2021年第7期12卷 1023-1035页

作者： Travis W. Witt brian k. northup James P. S. Neel Grazinglands Research Laboratory USDA-ARS El Reno USA

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) production in Ok.ahoma has more than tripled in the last ten years. This increase in cotton acreage in Ok.ahoma, a region that traditionally produces winter wheat, has led to increased i... 详细信息

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) production in Oklahoma has more than tripled in the last ten years. This increase in cotton acreage in Oklahoma, a region that traditionally produces winter wheat, has led to increased incidences of 2,4 D contamination in sprayers that are used to spray cotton crops. Cotton is extremely sensitive to 2,4 D, with losses of yield and ultimately profit to the cotton producer in cases of drift or tank carryover. In this study, six cotton cultivars (three 2,4 D susceptible and three 2,4 D tolerant) were grown in combination with four N treatments to determine the benefits or drawbacks of using a green manure as N source. Seedcotton, seed, and lint yield were all negatively impacted by 2,4 D in the susceptible cultivars. Additionally, water use was increased in the susceptible cultivars compared to the tolerant cultivars. The negative effects of 2,4 D on cotton growth were partially mitigated by grasspea, though the supply of too much nitrogen increased the negative effects of 2,4 D. Applying nitrogen to a susceptible cultivar of cotton contaminated by 2,4 D is not recommended for short season environments like Oklahoma.

关键词： Gpssypium Hirsutum 2 4 D Green Manure

Mothbean: A Potential Summer Crop for the Southern Great Plains

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第7期9卷 1391-1402页

作者： Gurjinder S. Baath brian k. northup Prasanna H. Gowda k.nneth E. Turner Alex C. Rocateli Department of Plant and Soil Sciences Oklahoma State University Stillwater OK USA Grazinglands Research Laboratory USDA-ARS El Reno OK USA

Low nutritive value of available warm-season grasses during July through September limits the production of yearling stock.r cattle in the southern Great Plains (SGP). There has been a continual exploration of species with the capacity to provide high quality forage during summer. Mothbean (Vigna aconitifolia [Jacq.] Marechal), a short-duration, drought tolerant crop is a promising choice for the SGP. This preliminary study evaluated the potential of mothbean as a summer crop for forage, grain or green manure. Results of this study with 10 mothbean lines from a range of geographic locations suggested that crop could be harvested 100 days after planting with dry biomass yield range of 7.3 - 18.1 Mg·ha-1. Mothbean forage contained 10.8% - 14.6% crude protein (CP), 32.0% - 41.7% neutral detergent fiber (NDF), 20.7% - 29.6% acid detergent fiber (ADF), and 73% - 84% in vitro true digestibility (IVTD) at maturity. Grain yield of the 10 mothbean lines varied from 91 to 1040 k.·ha-1. The 10 tested lines generated a high amount of nitrogen (N) rich biomass at maturity with total accumulated N of 163 - 316 k.·ha-1 and a C:N ratio of 16:1 to 22:1. Overall, performance indicators suggested that mothbean has considerable potential as an alternative crop for production of forage, grain, or green manure when grown as summer crop in rotation with winter wheat. Future research should focus on evaluating mothbean within different crop settings to define its capacity as green manure or summer forage to support production of stock.r cattle in the SGP.

关键词： Forage Quality Forage Yield Grain Legumes Green Manure Drought Tolerance

Biochar applications influence soil physical and chemical properties,microbial diversity,and crop productivity:a meta-analysis

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Biochar 2022年第1期4卷 1055-1071页

作者： Hardeep Singh brian k.northup Charles W.Rice P.V.Vara Prasad Department of Agronomy Kansas State University2002 Throckmorton Plant Sciences Center1712 Claflin RoadManhattanKS 66506USA United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Grazinglands Research LaboratoryEl-RenoOK 73036USA

Biochar is a widely k.own soil *** we synthesize the available information on influence of biochar application on different soil properties and crop productivity using *** data on influence of biochar applications on different soil physical,chemical,microbial properties,and crop productivity were extracted from literature and statistically *** on selection criteria,59 studies from the literature published between 2012 and 2021 were selected for the *** were developed between effect size of biochar application on different soil properties and crop *** of biochar increased soil pH,cation exchange capacity,and organic carbon by 46%,20%,and 27%,respectively,with greater effects in coarse and fine-textured *** on chemical properties were variable among biochar prepared from different *** physical properties,biochar application reduced bulk.densities by 29%and increased porosity by 59%.Biochar prepared at higher pyrolytic temperatures(>500℃)improved bulk.density and porosity to greater extents(31%and 66%,respectively).Biochar prepared at lower pyrolytic temperatures(<500℃)had a greater effect on microbial diversity(both bacterial and fungal),with more diverse bacterial populations in medium and coarse textured soils,while fungal diversity increased in fine textured *** applications increased crop productivity only in fine and coarse textured *** effect size of biochar application on crop productivity was correlated with responses to physical properties of *** meta-analysis highlighted the need to conduct long-term field experiments to provide better explanations for changes in biochar properties as it undergoes aging,its longer-term effects on soil properties,and timing of re-application of different biochars.

关键词： Biochar Crop productivity Microbial diversity Soil physical properties Soil chemical properties

Opioid use and misuse in ulcerative colitis

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2019年第1期10卷 22-28页

作者： Maithili V Chitnavis Merwise Baray Patrick.G northup Anne G Tusk.y brian W Behm Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine University of Virginia School of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Virginia School of Medicine

BACk.ROUND Patients with ulcerative colitis(UC) may be exposed to opioids over their disease duration. The use of such medications carries significant risk. including intestinal dysmotility and potential for addiction. However, the rates of narcotic use and misuse in patients with UC have not been studied extensively. Functional gastrointestinal disorders(FGID) are prevalent in patients with UC, and have been shown to increase the risk.of narcotic use and misuse in patients with Crohn's disease. We hypothesized that patients with UC and a concurrent diagnosis of FGID would have increased rates of both opioid use and misuse in our patient *** To evaluate the prevalence of chronic opioid use and misuse in *** A retrospective chart review of UC patients seen at the University of Virginia Digestive Health Center was performed on all patients evaluated between 2006 and 2011. Patient demographics, medical, surgical, and medication histories were obtained from the electronic medical record. Concomitant diagnosis of FGID was also noted at the time. The electronic prescription monitoring program was accessed to obtain prescription opioid filling histories. Prescription opioid misuse was defined as opioid prescriptions filled from four or more prescribers and four or more different pharmacies in a 12-mo *** A total of 497 patients with UC were included. Patients with UC and FGID were more lik.ly to be female, but no other demographic variables were associated with FGID. Of the UC patients who had FGID, a greater proportion were found to be using opioids chronically(36% with FGID vs 9% without FGID, P < 0.0001)and were misusing prescription opioids(12.8% vs 1.3%, P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression demonstrated a significant association with FGID and chronic opioid use(OR = 4.50; 95%CI: 1.91-10.59) and opioid misuse(OR = 5.19; 95%CI1.04-25.76). Tobacco use(OR 2.53; 95%CI: 1.06-6.08) and anxiety(OR 3.17; 95%CI:1.08-9.26) were other variables as

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Chronic opioid use Opioid misuse Narcotic Functional gastrointestinal disorder

放牧日期和频率对草原砂芦、砂生须芒草的影响

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

国外畜牧学（草原与牧草） 1998年第2期 28-32页

作者： Patrick.E.Reece Joe E.Brummer Russell k.Engel brian k.northup Jampes T.Nichols 万里强

为了定量描述放牧日期和频率对草原砂芦(Calamovilfa logifolia)和砂生须芒草(An-dropogon hallii)总有机物贮藏量的影响,从1988年起至1992年止进行了5年试验研究。处理包括8种月中放牧期。各处理季节放牧率相等,并均分于各个放牧期内... 详细信息

为了定量描述放牧日期和频率对草原砂芦(Calamovilfa logifolia)和砂生须芒草(An-dropogon hallii)总有机物贮藏量的影响,从1988年起至1992年止进行了5年试验研究。处理包括8种月中放牧期。各处理季节放牧率相等,并均分于各个放牧期内。在连续4年期间,各放牧处理均在相同草场饲喂一龄牛,且放牧时间均为4～7d。到第5年黄化初春生长产生分蘖技的平均重量可用来估测其有机质总贮备量。试验结果表明,当放牧率与本研究相同时,为避免6月份放牧导致这两种草贮备物的下降,就须使其放牧期延迟长达60d。另外,为使这两种草贮备物的量同时达到高水平,就须延迟放牧至8月中旬或更晚。

关键词：黄化生长放牧日期放牧频率短周期放牧轮牧