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CD200Rhigghh neutrophils with dysfunctional autophagy establish systemic immunosuppression by increasing regulatory T cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第4期21卷 349-361页

作者： Ye Seon Kim Yu Sun Jeong Geon ho Bae Ji hyeon Kang Mingyu Lee brian A.Zabel Yoe-Sik Bae Department of Biological Sciences Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon16419Republic of Korea Department of health Science and Technology SAIHSTSungkyunkwan UniversitySeoul06351Republic of Korea Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research Veterans Affairs HospitalPalo AltoCA94304USA

Distinct neutrophil populations arise during certain pathological *** generation of dysfunctional neutrophils during sepsis and their contribution to septicemia-related systemic immune suppression remain *** this study,using an experimental sepsis model that features immunosuppression,we identified a novel population of pathogenic CD200R^(high) neutrophils that are generated during the initial stages of sepsis and contribute to systemic immune suppression by enhancing regulatory T(T_(reg))*** to their CD200R^(low)counterparts,sepsis-generated CD200Rhigh neutrophils exhibit impaired autophagy and dysfunction,with reduced chemotactic migration,superoxide anion production,and TNF-α*** soluble CD200 blocks autophagy and neutrophil maturation in the bone marrow during experimental sepsis,and recombinant CD200 treatment in vitro can induce neutrophil dysfunction similar to that observed in CD200R^(high) *** administration of anα-CD200R antibody effectively reversed neutrophil dysfunction by enhancing autophagy and protecting against a secondary infection challenge,leading to increased *** analysis revealed that CD200R^(high) neutrophils expressed high levels of Igf1,which elicits the generation of Treg cells,while the administration of anα-CD200R antibody inhibited Treg cell generation in a secondary infection *** together,our findings revealed a novel CD200R^(high) neutrophil population that mediates the pathogenesis of sepsis-induced systemic immunosuppression by generating Treg cells.

关键词： Sepsis Neutrophils CD200R Autophagy IGF-1 Regulatory T cells

Psychiatric comorbidities in epilepsy:population co-occurrence,genetic correlations and causal effects

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General Psychiatry 2024年第1期37卷 103-111页

作者： Viktor h Ahlqvist Christina Dardani Paul Madley-Dowd harriet Forbes Jessica Rast Caichen Zhong Renee M Gardner Christina Dalman Kristen Lyal cRAIG Newschaffer Torbjorn Tomson Michael Lundberg Daniel Berglind Neil M Davies brian K Lee Cecilia Magnusson Dheeraj Rai Department of Global Public health Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK Centre for Academic Mental health Population Health SciencesBristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK Faculty of Epidemiology and Population health London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK A.J.Drexel Autism Institute Drexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthDrexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA College of health and human Development Pennsylvania State UniversityState CollegePAUSA Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Centre for Epidemiology and Community Medicine Region StockholmStockholmSweden K.G Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology Department of Public Health and NursingNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway Division of Psychiatry University Collge LondonLondonUK Department of Statistical Sciences University Cllge LondonLondonK NIhR Biomedical Research Centre University of BristoBristolUK Avon and Wiltshire Partnership NHS Mental Health TrustBristolUK

Background Psychiatric comorbidities are common in patients with *** for the co-occurrence of psychiatric conditions and epilepsy remain poorly *** We aimed to triangulate the relationship between epilepsy and psychiatric conditions to determine the extent and possible origins of these *** Using nationwide Swedish health registries,we quantified the lifetime prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients with *** then used summarydata from genome-wide association studies to investigate whether the identified observational associations could be attributed to a shared underlying genetic aetiology using cross-trait linkage disequilibrium score ***,we assessed the potential bidirectional relationships using two-sample Mendelian *** In a cohort of 7628495 individuals,we found that almost half of the 94435 individuals diagnosed with epilepsy were also diagnosed with a psychiatric condition in their lifetime(adjusted lifetime prevalence,44.09%;95%confidence interval(Cl)43.78%to 44.39%).We found evidence for a genetic correlation between epilepsy and some neurodevelopmental and psychiatric *** example,we observed a genetic correlation between epilepsy and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(r,=0.18,95%Cl 0.09 to 0.27,phat was more pronounced in focal epilepsy(r=0.23,95%CI 0.09 to 0.36,phiatric *** Psychiatric comorbidities are common in patients with *** correlations may partially explain some comorbidities;however,there is little evidence of a bidirectional relationship between the genetic liability of epilepsy and psychiatric *** findings highlight the need to understand the role of environmental factors or rare genetic variations in the origins of psy

关键词： epilepsy Psychiat lifetime

Mapping microstructure to shock-induced temperature fields using deep learning

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 516-523页

作者： Chunyu Li Juan Carlos Verduzco brian h.Lee Robert J.Appleton Alejandro Strachan School of Materials Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA

The response of materials to shock loading is important to planetary science,aerospace engineering,and energetic *** activated processes,including chemical reactions and phase transitions,are significantly accelerated by energy localization into *** result from the interaction of the shockwave with the materials’microstructure and are governed by complex,coupled processes,including the collapse of porosity,interfacial friction,and localized plastic *** mechanisms are not fully understood and the lack of models limits our ability to predict shock to detonation transition from chemistry and microstructure *** demonstrate that deep learning can be used to predict the resulting shock-induced temperature fields in composite materials obtained from large-scale molecular dynamics simulations with the initial microstructure as the only *** accuracy of the Microstructure-Informed Shock-induced Temperature net(MISTnet)model is higher than the current state of the art and its evaluation requires a fraction of the computation cost.

关键词： microstructure Microstructure friction

胃复安肠外给药治疗急性偏头痛:多项随机对照试验的汇总分析

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英国医学杂志中文版 2005年第2期8卷 130-130页

作者： lan Colman Michael D Brown Grant D Innes Eric Grafstein Ted E Roberts brian h rowe 朱丽琳

目的：通过分析多项对照试验结果，评价胃复安肠外给药对于成人急性偏头痛的疗效和患者耐受性。资料来源：Cochrane对照试验中心注册材料，Medline，Embase，LILACS，CINAhL，会议记录，临床实践指南及其他资源。

关键词：急性偏头痛随机对照试验胃复安汇总分析肠外药治疗 Cochrane Medline 临床实践指南试验结果资料来源耐受性

Transition metal carbides as cathode supports for PEM fuel cells

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Nano Research 2022年第12期15卷 10218-10233页

作者： Eliran R.hamo brian A.Rosen Department of Materials Science and Engineering Tel Aviv UniversityRamat Aviv69987001Israel

As energy demands increase and environmental issues loom,fuel cells(FCs)have attracted significant attention as an alternative to conventional energy *** use encompasses portable applications,transportation,and a stationary grid-power mainly due to their low-temperature operation and quick ***,the primary challenge is improving fuel cell durability to meet 2025 *** of Energy targets(e.g.,8,000+h for automotive drive cycle).Proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC)catalysts currently suffer from low durability,undermining their wide-scale deployment into the consumer and industrial *** group metals(PGMs)are still the most common catalysts used in PEMFCs as they provide among the highest activity for electrode reactions and lifetime *** effective way to decrease Pt loading is the adoption of supports to enhance both Pt dispersion and its *** of the carbon-based support was identified to be the major contributor to performance degradation as they suffer from parasitic oxidation to CO_(2)(at the cathode).Therefore,there is a significant interest in exploring stable alternatives to replace carbon supports in *** metal carbides(TMCs)have attracted significant attention over the last several years as a possible candidate to replace carbon-based catalyst supports in fuel *** these advantages over carbon supports,the large-scale deployment of TMC-based supports in fuel cells is still hindered by concerns of durability at the high potential on the cathode during start-up and shutdown ***,we address the most relevant studies concerning TMCs as supports for acidic oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)catalysis,including viewpoints about the surface and bulk design of the support,as well as the design of the catalyst itself to enhance the interaction and dispersion with the support.

关键词： carbides fuel cells catalysis durability corrosion

Eccentric exercise-induced muscle weakness abolishes sex differences in fatigability during sustained submaximal isometric contractions

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运动与健康科学(英文) 2023年第4期12卷 523-533页

作者： hanna L.Jodoin Avery hinks Olivia P.Roussel Vincenzo S.Contento brian h.Dalton Geoffrey A.Power Department of human health and Nutritional Sciences College of Biological SciencesUniversity of GuelphGuelphON N1G 2W1Canada School of health and Exercise Science University of British ColumbiaKelownaBC V1V 1V7Canada

Background:Females are typically less fatigable than males during sustained isometric contractions at lower isometric contraction *** sex difference in fatigability becomes more variable during higher intensity isometric and dynamic *** less fatiguing than isometric or concentric contractions,eccentric contractions induce greater and longer lasting impairments in force ***,it is not clear how muscle weakness influences fatigability in males and females during sustained isometric ***:We investigated the effects of eccentric exercise-induced muscle weakness on time to task failure(TTF)during a sustained submaximal isometric contraction in young(18-30 years)healthy males(n=9)and females(n=10).Participants performed a sustained isometric contraction of the dorsiflexors at 35°plantar flexion by matching a 30%maximal voluntary contraction(MVC)torque target until task failure(i.e.,falling below 5%of their target torque for>2 s).The same sustained isometric contraction was repeated 30 min after 150 maximal eccentric *** and antagonist activation were assessed using surface electromyography over the tibialis anterior and soleus muscles,***:Males were~41%stronger than *** eccentric exercise both males and females experienced an~20%decline in maximal voliuntary contraction *** was-34%longer in females than males prior to eccentic exercise-induced muscle ***,following eccentric exercise-induced muscle weakness,this sex-related difference was abolished,with both groups having an"45%shorter ***,there was~100%greater antagonist activation in the female group during the sustained isometric contraction following exercise-induced weakness as compared to the ***:This increase in antagonist activation disadvantaged females by decreasing their TTF,resulting in a blunting of their typical fatigability advantage over males.

关键词： Fatigue Isometric Sex Time to task failure Weakness

Methane oxidation by green oxidant to methanol over zeolite-based catalysts

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2022年第4期33卷 1757-1762页

作者： Sufeng Cao Ke Zhang brian hanna Essam Al-Sayed Aramco Services Company Aramco Research Centre-Boston400 Technology SquareCambridgeMA 02139United States

To reduce greenhouse gas emission from oil and gas production,it is essential to better convert methane to useful chemicals(rather) than to flare *** of methane to liquid oxygenates(mainly methanol) has attracted extensive attention and countless efforts have been made;however,running this reaction in a green,efficient,and practical way has remained *** novel catalyst and oxidants play a critical role in activating methane and converting it to oxygenates(methanol).In this review,the work of commonly used oxidants for methane partial oxidation have been summarized,in which,earth abundant oxidants,O;and h;O are ***,h;or CO can activate O;to produce h;O;that catalyzes methane partial oxidation more efficiently and selectively than O;or h;***,the work of using reducing agent,such as CO and h;have been reviewed,focusing on rational catalyst design that features multifunction(h;O;production and Ch;activation).The novel catalyst design has advanced this reaction towards practicality with green oxidants and h;using zeolites-based *** friendly zeolite preparation methods and novel two-dimensional(2 D) zeolites that can reduce waste,improve synthesis and catalytical performance substantially are also reviewed in this work to provide insights for a more comprehensive approach to meet the environment protection needs.

关键词： Methane partial oxidation Methane to methanol Zeolite Catalyst Zeolite green synthesis Solvent free OSDA free 2D zeolites

Exploring the association of paid sick leave with healthcare utilization and health outcomes in the United States:a rapid evidence review

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Global health Journal 2023年第1期7卷 9-17页

作者： Suhang Song brian h.Calhoun James E.Kucik Kristin J.Konnyu Renata hilson Policy Research Analysisand Development OfficeOffice of the Associate Director for Policy and StrategyUS Centers for Disease Control and PreventionAtlantaGA 30329USA The Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Oak RidgeTN 37830USA Department of health Policy and Management College of Public HealthUniversity of GeorgiaAthenGA 30602USA Center for Evidence Synthesis in health School of Public HealthBrown UniversityProvidence RI02912USA

Objective:Paid sick leave(PSL)laws mandate employers give workers paid time off when they are sick or *** current study aims to examine whether access to PSL is associated with healthcare utilization and health outcomes and to summarize the types of utilization and outcomes which have been reported to be associated with ***:We conducted a rapid evidence *** search of seven databases,including Medline,Embase,PsycINFO,Cochrane Library,CINAhL,Scopus,and JSTOR,on September 21,2020,identified 757 studies,30 of which were ***:Previous evidence is mostly provided by cross-sectional studies with survey *** this study,evidence suggests that PSL is significantly associated with some types of healthcare utilization and health *** terms of healthcare utilization,findings indicate PSL is associated with an increase in the use of some preventive sendees and a decrease in the use of emergency care;while findings are mixed regarding associations of PSL with health provider visits and the use of mammograms and pap *** for health outcomes,findings suggest PSL is associated with improved mental and self-rated health,decreased incidence of influenza-like illness,and lower occupational injuries and mortality ***:PSL may be an effective tool in improving some healthcare utilization and health *** research could help identify mechanisms through which PSL access works and identify what policy components lead to better outcomes.

关键词： Paid sick leave healthcare utilization health outcomes Rapid evidence revie

Circumcision reduces prostate cancer risk

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第5期14卷 661-662页

作者： brian J Morris lake h Waskett School of Medical Sciences University of SydneySydney NSW 2006 Australia CircumcisionIndependent Reference and Commentary Service Manchester M26 1JR UK

There is a strong negative correlation between prostate cancer and circumcision rate across 181 countries （P〈0.0001）. Adding to the large protective effect of cir- cumcision seen in small studies over the past six decades, a recent large study in Seattle has shown a smaller protective effect. If verified by other large studies else- where, the finding would add to the wide array of benefits conferred by this safe, sim- ple procedure that is best performed in infancy.

关键词： INFECTION