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Angling of hybrid sunfish from a hatchery pond with potential implications for community fisheries

Aquaculture and Fisheries 2023年第1期8卷 91-95页

作者： brian g.blackwell Matthew J.Ward Todd M.Kaufman South Dakota Department of game Fish and Parks603 East 8th AvenueWebsterSD57274USA South Dakota Department of game Fish and Parks44437139A StreetWaubaySD57273USA

Hatcheries are frequently called upon to produce catchable-sized fish for stocking community fishing *** attributes of fish selected for stocking into community ponds are that they are easy to produce in a hatchery system to sizes anglers are interested in catching and they provide anglers with high catch rates once *** sunfish[male Bluegill(Lepomis macrochirus)×female green Sunfish(***)]have attributes that potentially make them attractive for use in community fishing *** assessed initial angler catch rates of 100 stocked hybrid sunfish in a 0.12-ha hatchery pond and after being subjected to angling(four,1-hr catch-and-release fishing events with five anglers).We also investigated whether catch rates would change following a supplemental stocking of an additional 100 hybrid sunfish(four,1-hr catch-and-release fishing events with five anglers).The anal fin of each fish in the second stocking was hole punched to differentiate them from those of the first stocking and fish caught by anglers were hole punched in the caudal fin each time they were caught before being released back into the *** catch rates were highest during initial fishing events that followed stocking(9.2 fish/angler hr and 18.0 fish/angler hr)and substantially declined in subsequent events(≤3.4 fish/angler hr).Catches of the newly stocked fish and previously stocked fish contributed to the high catch following the supplemental ***(80%)of the fish were caught in the first 30 min of each event and 45%were caught during the first 10 *** were able to catch 88%of the fish from the first stocking and 67%from the second stocking at least *** mortality occurred during the study as all fish were recovered when the pond was *** results suggest that hybrid sunfish will potentially provide high initial catch rates following stocking into community ponds,but managers should expect reduced catch rates following initial fishing even without h

关键词： Hybrid sunfish Angling Community fishing ponds

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Numerical simulation on inclusion transport in continuous casting mold

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Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing 2006年第4期13卷 293-300页

作者： Lifeng Zhang brian g Thomas Department of Materials Science ＆ Engineering Norwegian University of Science ＆ Technology （NTNU） Alfred Getz vei 2 N-7491 Trondheim Norway University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 1206 W. Green St. Urbana IL 61801 USA

Turbulent flow, the transpor＇t of inclusions and bubbles, and inclusion removal by fluid flow, transport and by bubble flotation in the strand of the continuous slab caster are investigated using computational models, and validated through comparison with plant measurements of inclusions. Steady 3-D flow of steel in the liquid pool in the mold and upper strand is simulated with a finitedifference computational model using the standard k-εturbulence rondel. Trajectories of inclusions and bubhles tire calculated by integrating each local velocity, considering its drag and buoyancy forces, A ＂random walk＂ model is used to incorporate the effect of turbulent fluctuations on the particle motion. The attachment probability of inclusions on a bubble surface is investigated based on fundamental fluid flow simulations, incorporating the turbulent inclusion trajectory and sliding time of each individual inclusion along the bubble surface as a function of particle and bubble size. The chunge in inclusion distribution due to removal by bubble transport in the mold is calculated based on the computed attachment probability of inclusions on each bubble and the computed path length of the bubbles. The results indicate that 6%-10% inclusions are removed by fluid flow transport. 10% by bubble flotation, and 4% by entrapment to the submerged entry nozzle （SEN） walls. Smaller bubbles and larger inclusions have larger attachment probabilities. Smaller bubbles are more efficient for inclusion removal by bubble flotation, so Inng as they are not entrapped in the solidifying shell A larger gas flow rate favors inclusion removal by bubble flotation. The optimum bubble size should be 2-4mm.

关键词： inclusion removal fluid flow transport bubble flotation continuous casting mold attachment probability

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Factors Associated with Increased Walleye Production in Lined Compared to Earthen-Substrate Ponds

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2021年第1期11卷 50-61页

作者： Matthew J. Ward brian g. blackwell South Dakota Department of game Fish and Parks Blue Dog State Fish Hatchery Waubay USA South Dakota Department of game Fish and Parks District Office Webster USA

Walleye (Sander vitreus) fingerling production can be enhanced when the pond substrate is altered from earthen soils to an exposed liner;however, few differences in water chemistry, prey densities, and food habits have been identified that could potentially explain this production difference. Lack of an explanation led to further comparison of walleye fingerling culture between substrate types during 2016. Two ponds of each type were stocked with 1- to 3-day-old walleye fry, but lined ponds received an additional 104,166 fry/ha and were stocked 1 or 2 days later than earthen ponds (May 10). Walleyes in lined ponds achieved a growth advantage on May 31 (+2.5 mm) and on June 6 (+3.3 mm), but lengths were not significantly different at harvest (June 15). Lined ponds increased walleye yield and number 1.8-fold while not reducing individual fish size at harvest compared to earthen ponds. Walleye food habits were generally similar between pond types with a greater number of zooplankton being consumed through June 6 followed by an increase in larval chironomid consumption at harvest (June 15). After May 30, lined ponds exhibited lower dissolved oxygen and higher ammonia-nitrogen concentrations even though earthen ponds received additional (157 kg/ha) alfalfa (Medicago sativa) meal fertilize

关键词： Walleye Fingerling Culture Pond-Substrate Type

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Walleye Egg Survival Was Unaffected by Four Semen Inclusion Techniques during Artificial Fertilization

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2023年第2期13卷 199-204页

Improving the percent hatch during artificial spawning of walleye (Sander vitreus) could save agencies substantial resources. Semen inclusion techniques used to artificially fertilize walleye eggs may have a subsequent influence on the percent hatch. We compared walleye egg survival to the early embryo stage across four semen inclusion techniques used during fertilization to determine if one or more of the techniques would result in a higher percent hatch. Six mL of freshly collected (within 2 h) semen was presented to common pools of walleye eggs separated into 250 mL lots by either 1) pouring semen on top of the eggs before sperm activation, 2) placing 3 mL of semen below and above the eggs before sperm activation, 3) pouring 3 mL of semen on top of the eggs, activating sperm, and adding the remaining 3 mL of semen after 30 s, or 4) activating the sperm by adding semen to 1 L of water, mixing and pouring the solution on the eggs within 3 s. All treatments received 1 L of filtered lake water for sperm activation and fertilization. Mean egg survival was similar ranging from 49.5% to 56.7% among the four techniques and was not significantly different across methods. These results suggest that any of the semen inclusion techniques will likely provide a similar percent hatch for walleye eggs when 250 mL of eggs, 6 mL of semen, and 1 L of water are used during fertilization.

关键词： Walleye Egg Collection Walleye Propagation Walleye Spawning Operations

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Protective effects of trilinolein extracted from Panax notoginseng against cardiovascular disease

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2002年第12期23卷 104-109页

作者： Paul CHAN,g Neil THOMAS,brian TOMLINSON Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Taipei Medical College Affiliated Taipei Wan Fang Hospital Taipei China Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital Shatin NT Hong Kong SAR China Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital Shatin NT Hong Kong SAR China

Trilinolein is a triacylglycerol purified from a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine Panax notoginseng. Trilinolein has been reported to provide a number of beneficial effects including reducing thrombogenicity and arrhythmias and increasing erythrocyte deformability. Additionally, trilinolein has been reported to be an antioxidant, which can counteract free radical damage associated with atherogenesis, and myocardial damage seen with is-chaemia and reperfusion. These pharmacologic effects may explain the perceived benefits derived from treating circulatory disorders with the herb over the centuries.

关键词： antioxidants cardiovascular system Chinese traditional medicine trilinolein Panax notoginseng

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green Development and the Land Ethic

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学术界 2017年第2期 273-281页

作者： brian g.Henning gonzaga University SpokaneWAUSA

Attempts to understand and respond to the threat of anthropogenic climate change,the defining challenge of our era,increasingly reveal the inadequacy of the dominant conceptual systems of *** the need for a fundamental change in the dominant models of industrial development,the concept of sustainability has quickly become the idea around which contemporary environmentalism is *** essay argues that while the concept of sustainability is important,it ultimately does not address the root of the ecological *** Aldo Leopold(1887-1948),I argue that it is an"evolutionary possibility and an ecological necessity"that we develop what he calls a"land ethic."If we are truly to address the root causes of the ecological crisis,humanity must stop conceiving of proper land use merely in terms of economic expedience and recognize that we are ultimately a member and citizen of the wider"biotic community."In the end,green development is development which is compatible with the integrity,stability,and beauty of the nature.

关键词：绿色发展土地伦理可持续发展人为气候变化生态危机概念系统工业发展

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A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON FORMATION OF THE SAND DUNE SYSTEMS IN THE NORTHERN AUSTRALIAN COASTAL ZONE

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1992年第7期37卷 587-592页

作者： brian g.LESS 卢演俦 Department of geography Australian National University Box 4 Canberra ACT 2601 Australia Xi'an Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary geology Academia Sinica Xi'an 710061 PRC Institute of Geology State Seismological BureauBeijing 100029 China

Ⅰ. INTRODUCTIONDune activity across northern Australia is currently the focus of a joint research project between the Australian National University and the Xi’an Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary geology, Academia Sinica. Although the project is not yet completed, there is sufficient data available to allow discussion of the general setting of the dune fields studied to date. These include the dune fields near Shelbume Bay and Cape Flattery, eastern Cape York, Cobourg Peninsula, Arnhemland, and groote Eylandt, gulf of Carpentaria(Fig. 1).

关键词： northern Australia formation of the coastal sand dune systems activity phases.

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Phosphorus use efficiency and fertilizers:future opportunities for improvements

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2019年第4期6卷 332-340页

作者： Martin blackwell Tegan DARCH Richard HASLAM Department of Sustainable Agriculture Sciences Rothamsted ResearchNorth WykeOkehamptonEX202SBUK Department of Plant Sciences Rothamsted ResearchHarpendenAL52JQUK

The continued supply of phosphate fertilizers that underpin global food production is an imminent *** rock phosphate deposits on which the world depends are not only finite,but some are contaminated,and many are located in geopolitically unstable areas,meaning that fundamental changes will have to take place in order to maintain food production for a growing global *** single solution exists,but a combination of approaches to phosphorus management is required not only to extend the lifespan of the remaining non-renewable rock phosphate reserves,but to result in a more efficient,sustainable phosphorus *** include improving the efficiency of fertilizer applications to agricultural land,alongside a better understanding of phosphorus cycling in soil-plant systems,and the interactions between soil physics,chemistry and biology,coupled with plant *** exist for the development of plants that can access different forms of soil phosphorus(e.g.,organic phosphorus)and that use internal phosphorus more *** development of different sources of phosphorus fertilizers are inevitably required given the finite nature of the rock phosphate *** opportunities exist,and it is now important that a concerted effort to make advances in phosphorus use efficiency is prioritized.

关键词： organic phosphorus phosphorus fertilizer phosphorus use efficiency rock phosphate

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Combined Applications of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizers with Manure Increase Maize Yield and Nutrient Uptake via Stimulating Root growth in a Long-Term Experiment

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Pedosphere 2016年第1期26卷 62-73页

作者： WEN Zhihui SHEN Jianbo Martin blackwell LI Haigang ZHAO Bingqiang YUAN Huimin College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University Rothamsted Research North Wyke Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning China Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Imbalanced application of nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) fertilizers can result in reduced crop yield,low nutrient use efficiency,and high loss of nutrients and soil nitrate nitrogen(NO_3^--N) accumulation decreases when N is applied with P and/or manure;however,the effect of applications of N with P and/or manure on root growth and distribution in the soil profile is not fully *** aim of this study was to investigate the combined effects of different N and P fertilizer application rates with or without manure on maize(Zea mays L.) yield,N uptake,root growth,apparent N surplus,Olsen-P concentration,and mineral N(N_(min)) accumulation in a fluvo-aquic calcareous soil from a long-term(28-year) *** experiment comprised twelve combinations of chemical N and P fertilizers,either with or without chicken manure,as treatments in four *** yield of maize grain was 82%higher,the N uptake 100%higher,and the N_(min) accumulation 39%lower in the treatments with combined N and P in comparison to N fertilizer *** maize root length density in the 30-60 cm layer was three times greater in the treatments with N and P fertilizers than with N fertilizer *** addition increased maize yield by 50%and N uptake by 43%,and reduced N_(min)(mostly NO_3^--N) accumulation in the soil by 46%.The long-term application of manure and P fertilizer resulted in significant increases in soil Olsen-P concentration when no N fertilizer was *** application reduced the apparent N surplus for all *** results suggest that combined N and P fertilizer applications could enhance maize grain yield and nutrient uptake via stimulating root growth,leading to reduced accumulation of potentially leachable NO_3^--N in soil,and manure application was a practical way to improve degraded soils in China and the rest of the world.

关键词： apparent N surplus degraded soils chemical fertilizers nitrate nitrogen root length density soil mineral N soil Olson-P

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Achalasia: A review of clinical diagnosis, epidemiology,treatment and outcomes

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2013年第35期19卷 5806-5812页

作者： Orla M O'Neill brian T Johnston Helen g Coleman Centre for Public Health Queen’s University Belfast Department of gastroenterology Belfast Health and Social Care Trust

Achalasia is a neurodegenerative motility disorder of the oesophagus resulting in deranged oesophageal peristalsis and loss of lower oesophageal sphincter ***,annual achalasia incidence rates were believed to be low,approximately 0.5-1.2 per *** recent reports suggest that annual incidence rates have risen to 1.6 per 100000 in some *** aetiology of achalasia is still unclear but is likely to be *** causes include environmental or viral exposures resulting in inflammation of the oesophageal myenteric plexus,which elicits an autoimmune *** of achalasia may be elevated in a sub-group of genetically susceptible *** in the diagnosis of achalasia,through the introduction of high resolution manometry with pressure topography plotting,has resulted in the development of a novel classification system for *** classification system can evaluate patient prognosis and predict responsiveness to *** is currently much debate over whether pneumatic dilatation is a superior method compared to the Heller’s myotomy procedure in the treatment of achalasia.A recent com-parative study found equal efficacy,suggesting that patient preference and local expertise should guide the *** achalasia is a relatively rare condition,it carries a risk of complications,including aspiration pneumonia and oesophageal *** risk of both squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus is believed to be significantly increased in patients with achalasia,however the absolute excess risk is ***,it is currently unknown whether a surveillance programme in achalasia patients would be effective or cost-effective.

关键词： Epidemiology Achalasia Incidence Treatment Oesophageal cancer risk

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