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Laparoscopic vs open partial colectomy in elderly patients:Insights from the American College of Surgeons- National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第45期21卷 12843-12850页

作者： Umashankkar Kannan Vemuru Sunil K Reddy Amar N Mukerji Vellore S Parithivel Ajay K Shah brian f gilchrist Daniel T farkas Department of Surgery Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center

AIM: To compare the outcomes between the laparoscopic and open approaches for partial colectomy in elderly patients aged 65 years and over using the American College of Surgeons- National Surgical Quality Improvement Program(ACS NSQIP) database. METHODS: The ACS NSQIP database for the years 2005-2011 was queried for all patients 65 years and above who underwent partial colectomy. 1:1 propensity score matching using the nearest- neighbor method was performed to ensure both groups had similar preoperative comorbidities. Outcomes including postoperative complications, length of stay and mortality were compared between the laparoscopic and open groups. χ2 and fisher's exact test were used for discrete variables and Student's t-test for continuous variables. P ficant and odds ratios with 95%CI were reported when applicable. RESULTS: The total number of patients in the ACS NSQIP database of the years 2005-2011 was 1777035. We identified 27604 elderly patients who underwent partial colectomy with complete data sets. 12009(43%) of the cases were done laparoscopically and15595(57%) were done with open. After propensity score matching, there were 11008 patients each in the laparoscopic(LC) and open colectomy(OC) cohorts. The laparoscopic approach had lower post-operative complications(LC 15.2%, OC 23.8%, P f stay(LC 6.61 d, OC 9.62 d, P fter propensity score matching, elderly patients in the ACS NSQIP database having a laparoscopic partial colectomy had better outcomes than those having open colectomies. In the absence of specific contraindications, elderly patients requiring a partial colectomy should be offered the laparoscopic approach.

关键词： Colectomy Laparoscopic Outcomes Elderly National S

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Carcinoma in situ in a 7 mm gallbladder polyp: Time to change current practice?

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2015年第9期7卷 912-915页

作者： David Kasle Amir A Rahnemai-Azar Shahida Bibi Vinaya Gaduputi brian f gilchrist Daniel T farkas Department of Surgery BronxLebanon Hospital CenterAlbert Einstein College of Medicine Department of Medicine Bronx-Lebanon Hospital CenterAlbert Einstein College of Medicine

Detection of polypoid lesions of the gallbladder is increasing in conjunction with better imaging modalities. Accepted management of these lesions depends on their size and symptomatology. Polyps that are symptomatic and/or greater than 10 mm are generally removed, while smaller, asymptomatic polyps simply monitored. Here, a case of carcinoma-in-situ is presented in a 7 mm gallbladder polyp. A 25-year-old woman, who had undergone a routine cholecystectomy, was found to have an incidental 7 mm polyp containing carcinoma in situ. She had few to no risk factors to alert to her condition. There are few reported cases of cancer transformation in gallbladder polyps smaller than 10 mm reported in the literature. The overwhelming consensus, barring significant risk factors for cancer being present, is that such lesions should be monitored until they become symptomatic or develop signs suspicious for malignancy. In our patient's case this could have led to the possibility of missing a neoplastic lesion, which could then have gone on to develop invasive cancer. As gallbladder carcinoma is an aggressive cancer, this may have led to a tragic outcome.

关键词： Gallbladder Polyp Cholecystectomy Size Carcinoma

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Acute Toxicity and Anthelmintic Effects of Gomphrena serrata L. (Amaranthaceae) Extracts on Adult Worms and Eggs of Haemonchus contortus

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2024年第5期15卷 207-221页

作者： Hippolyte Ouedraogo Mohamed Bonewendé Belemlilga Aristide Traore gilchrist Abdoul Laurent Boly félicité Moyenga Gueswindé Geoffroy Ouedraogo Sylvain Ilboudo Lazare Belemnaba Sylvin Ouedraogo Laboratoire de Recherche-Dé veloppement de Phytom&#233dicaments et M&#233dicaments (LR-D/PM) Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sant&#233 (IRSS) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Dé veloppement du M&#233dicament (LADME) Centre de Formation deRecherche et d&#8217Expertises en Sciences du M&#233dicament (CEA-CFOREM) &#201cole Doctorale Sciences de la Sant&#233 (ED2S) Universit&#233 Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso International Research Laboratory-Environnement Sant&#233 Soci&#233t&#233s (IRL 3189 ESS) CNRS/CNRST/UCAD/UGB/USTTB Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Gomphrena serrata L. (Amaranthaceae) is a medicinal plant widely used traditionally in rural areas to treat many diseases, including gastrointestinal helminthiasis of small ruminants. This work aims to estimate the plant extracts phytochemical potential and study the activities of the aqueous decoction (GS_AD), aqueous macerate (GS_AM), and hydroalcoholic macerate (GS_HEM) of Gomphrena serrata extracts on two developmental stages (eggs and adult worms) of Haemonchus contortus. Phytochemical screening was carried out. The acute toxicity test was performed according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) test guideline 423. The Haemonchus contortus eggs hatching inhibition test was performed left to incubate for 48 hours in the presence of the different plant extracts at increasing concentrations of 0.125;0.25;0.5;0.625;1;2;3 mg/mL. for the motility inhibition test on adult worms, the worms were contacted with the extracts at concentrations of 0.75;1;1.25;1.5;2;3;4 mg/mL and left to incubate for 24 hours. Albendazole and levamisole were used as standard. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, reducing compounds, coumarins and derivatives, anthocyanins, steroids, triterpenes, and flavonoids. An acute toxicity study showed that the oral LD50 value of G. serrata was estimated to be 5000 mg/kg. All extracts showed an effect on both stages of parasite development. The hatching inhibition rate was 100% from 3 mg/mL for all three extracts. The rate of inhibition of motility was 100% from 4 mg/mL for each extract. HEM is more efficient on eggs and Haemonchus contortus adult worms than other extracts with IC50 of 0.457 mg/mL and LC50 of 1.329 mg/mL, respectively. These results suggest that Gomphrena serrata, a plant used by farmers, has anthelmintic properties.

关键词： Gomphrena serrata Haemonchus contortus Anthelmintic In Vitro

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Mesenchymal stem cell-based TRAIL delivery inhibits the metastatic state of clinical therapy-resistant progressive neuroblastoma

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期20卷 287-293页

作者： Dinesh Babu Somasundaram Andrew Maher Sheeja Aravindan Zhongxin Yu brian MBesch Natarajan Aravindan Department of Radiation Oncology University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA Stephenson Cancer Center Oklahoma CityOKUSA Department of Pathology University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA Radiation Biology Laboratory University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterBSEB 302F941 Stanton L.Young BoulevardOklahoma CityOK 73104USA

Progressive neuroblastomas(pNBs)that defy current intensive multimodal clinical therapy(IMCT)are a significant contributor to overall childhood cancer deaths[l].Neuroblastomas(NBs)that survive first-line IMCT actively evolve to acquire genetic and molecular rearrangements and display unparalleled plasticity and evolution,which causes frequent relapses in a rapidly accelerating timeline[2-4].

关键词： neuroblastoma clinical evolve

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Effect of Biofertilizers on the Agromorphological Parameters of Three Okra Cultivars in Southern Côte d’Ivoire

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第4期15卷 408-422页

作者： Guinagui N’doua Bertrand Nomel Meless Patrice Sanogo Souleymane Kouassi N’dri Pacôme Kouadio Edouard Yves gilchrist Dao Jonas Patrick Koné Dapah Sara fatim Koné Daouda fatogoma Sorho Plant Physiology and Pathology Teaching and Research Unit UFR Biosciences F&#233lix Houphou&#235t-Boigny University Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire WASCAL Center/African Center of Excellence on Climate Change Biodiversity and Sustainable Agriculture (WASCAL/CEA-CCBAD) Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire

Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) is an herbaceous plant of the Malvaceae family. In Côte d’Ivoire, okra production is estimated to be over 193,000 tons. This low production is largely due to poor soils and hardly covers the needs of the population. To remedy this, growers systematically use mineral fertilizers. However, these fertilizers pollute the environment. To find an alternative to chemical fertilization and increase production, the effect of biofertilizers (Spaawet, Retone, Super Gro) compared with NPK mineral fertilizer was evaluated on Divo, Teriman, and Djonan f1 cultivars. The trial was set up in a factorial block design with three replications. Plant height, number of functional leaves, and crown diameter were assessed at 60 days after sowing (DAS). The time to 50% flowering, production time, and fruit yield were calculated. The results showed that the biofertilizer Retone induced the highest heights and number of functional leaves, with averages of 61.89 cm and 29.88 leaves, respectively. The diameter at the crown (17.77 mm) was highest with the NPK mineral fertilizer, and the shortest 50% flowering time, with an average of 47.61 days, was also obtained with the biofertilizer Retone. The NPK mineral fertilizer produced the longest production time, with an average of 35.25 days. The highest yields were obtained using Retone (11.07 t/ha) and NPK (9.52 t/ha) fertilizers. The “Divo*Retone” interaction produced the highest yield with an average of 12.19 t/ha. The biofertilizer Retone could therefore be used as an alternative fertilizer to chemical fertilization in okra crops, given its effect on the parameters assessed.

关键词： Biofertilizer Retone Mineral fertilizer Okra Yield Côte d’Ivoire

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Partial Volume Correction in SPECT Using Anatomical Information and Iterative fBP

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2010年第1期15卷 50-55页

作者： Kjell Erlandsson brian f Hutton The Institute of Nuclear Medicine University College LondonLondonNW12BUUnited Kingdom

The ability to correctly quantify activity concentration with single photon emission computed tomography （SPECT） is limited by its spatial resolution. Blurring of data between adjacent structures, which is known as partial volume effects, can be compensated for by utilizing high resolution structural information from other imaging modalities such as CT or MRI. Previously developed partial volume correction （PVC） methods normally assume a spatially invariant point spread function. In SPECT this is not a good approximation, since the resolution varies with the distance from the collimator. A new method, p-PVC, was developed in this paper, which takes into account the distance dependent blurring. The method operates in projection space and is combined with filtered back-projection （fBP） reconstruction. Results from simulations show that similar quantitative results could be obtained with p-PVC＋fBP as with OSEM with resolution recovery, although with better structural definition and an order of magnitude faster.

关键词： partial volume effect (PVE) partial volume correction (PVC) SPECT

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Rapidly Estimating Natural Gas Compressibility factor

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Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry 2007年第4期16卷 349-353页

作者： Alireza Bahadori Saeid Mokhatab brian f.Towler Department of Chemical Engineering Curtin University of Technology GPO Box 1987PerthWA 6845Australia Process Technology Department Tehran Raymand Consulting Engineers TehranIran Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department University of Wyoming Laramie.WYUSA

Natural gases containing sour components exhibit different gas compressibility factor （Z） behavior than do sweet gases. Therefore, a new accurate method should be developed to account for these differences. Several methods are available today for calculating the Z-factor from an equation of state. However, these equations are more complex than the foregoing correlations, involving a large number of parameters, which require more complicated and longer computations. The aim of this study is to develop a simplified calculation method for a rapid estimating Z-factor for sour natural gases containing as much as 90% total acid gas. In this article, two new correlations are first presented for calculating the pseudo- critical pressure and temperature of the gas mixture as a function of the gas specific gravity. Then, a simple correlation on the basis of the standard gas compressibility factor chart is introduced for a quick estimation of sweet gases＇ compressibility factor as a function of reduced pressure and temperature. finally, a new corrective term related to the mole fractions of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide is developed.

关键词： natural gas compressibility factor sour gas critical pressure critical temperature

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On the homogenization of metal matrix composites using strain gradient plasticity

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2014年第2期30卷 175-190页

作者： Reza Azizi Christian f.Niordson brian Nyvang Legarth Department of Mechanical Engineering Solid Mechanics Technical University of Denmark

The homogenized response of metal matrix composites（MMC） is studied using strain gradient *** material model employed is a rate independent formulation of energetic strain gradient plasticity at the micro scale and conventional rate independent plasticity at the macro scale. free energy inside the micro structure is included due to the elastic strains and plastic strain gradients. A unit cell containing a circular elastic fiber is analyzed under macroscopic simple shear in addition to transverse and longitudinal loading. The analyses are carried out under generalized plane strain condition. Micro-macro homogenization is performed observing the Hill-Mandel energy condition,and overall loading is considered such that the homogenized higher order terms vanish. The results highlight the intrinsic size-effects as well as the effect of fiber volume fraction on the overall response curves, plastic strain distributions and homogenized yield surfaces under different loading conditions. It is concluded that composites with smaller reinforcement size have larger initial yield surfaces and furthermore,they exhibit more kinematic hardening.

关键词： Metal matrix composite(MMC) Strain gradient plasticity Homogenization Yield surface

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Transcription control engineering and applications in synthetic biology

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2017年第3期2卷 176-191页

作者： Michael D.Engstrom brian f.Pfleger Genetics-Biotechnology Center University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthUSA Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison College of EngineeringUSA Microbiology Doctoral Training Program University of Wisconsin-MadisonUSA

In synthetic biology,researchers assemble biological components in new ways to produce systems with practical *** of these practical applications is control of the flow of genetic information(from nucleic acid to protein),*** *** is critical for optimizing protein(and therefore activity)levels and the subsequent levels of metabolites and other cellular *** central dogma of molecular biology posits that information flow commences with transcription,and accordingly,regulatory tools targeting transcription have received the most attention in synthetic *** this mini-review,we highlight many past successes and summarize the lessons learned in developing tools for controlling *** particular,we focus on engineering studies where promoters and transcription terminators(cis-factors)were directly engineered and/or isolated from DNA *** also review several well-characterized transcription regulators(trans-factors),giving examples of how cis-and trans-acting factors have been combined to create digital and analogue switches for regulating transcription in response to various ***,we provide examples of how engineered transcription control systems have been used in metabolic engineering and more complicated genetic *** most of our mini-review focuses on the well-characterized bacterium Escherichia coli,we also provide several examples of the use of transcription control engineering in non-model *** approaches have been applied outside the bacterial kingdom indicating that the lessons learned from bacterial studies may be generalized for other organisms.

关键词： Promoter Transcription Synthetic biology Bacteria Termination Metabolic engineering

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Subaqueous early eruptive phase of the late Aptian Rajmahal volcanism,India:Evidence from volcaniclastic rocks,bentonite,black shales,and oolite

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Geoscience frontiers 2017年第4期8卷 809-822页

作者： Naresh C.Ghose Nilanjan Chatterjee brian f.Windley G/608 Raheja ResidencyKoramangala Department of Earth Atmospheric and Planetary SciencesMassachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Geology The University of Leicester

The late Aptian（118-115 Ma） continental flood basalts of the Rajmahal Volcanic Province（RVP） are part of the Kerguelen Large Igneous Province,and constitute the uppermost part of the Gondwana Supergroup on the eastern Indian shield *** lower one-third of the Rajmahal volcanic succession contains thin layers of plant fossil-rich inter-trappean sedimentary rocks with pyroclasts,bentonite,grey and black shale/mudstone and oolite,whereas the upper two-thirds consist of sub-aerial fine-grained aphyric basalts with no inter-trappean *** the eastern margin and the north-central sector of the RVP,the volcanics in the lower part include rhyolites and dacites overlain by enstatite-bearing basalts and *** pyroclastic rocks are largely felsic in composition,and comprise ignimbrite as well as coarse-grained tuff with lithic clasts,and tuff breccia with bombs,lapilli and ash that indicate explosive eruption of viscous rhyolitic *** rhyolites/dacites（〉68 wt.%） are separated from the andesites（〈 60 wt.%） by a gap in silica content indicating their formation through upper crustal anatexis with only heat supplied by the basaltic *** the other hand,partially melted siltstone xenoliths in enstatite-bearing basalts suggest that the enstatite-andesites originated through mixing of the upper crust with basaltic magma,crystallizing orthopyroxene at a pressure-temperature of ~3 kb/1150℃.In contrast,the northwestern sector of the RVP is devoid of felsic-intermediate rocks,and the volcaniclastic rocks are predominantly mafic（basaltic） in ***,the presence of fine-grained tuffs,tuff breccia containing sideromelane shards and quenched texture,welded tuff breccia,peperite,shale/mudstone and oolite substantiates a subaqueous *** on these observations,we conclude that the early phase of Rajmahal volcanism occurred under predominantly subaqueous *** presence of grey and black shale/mudstone in the lower one-third of

关键词： Rajmahal basalt Andesite Rhyolite Pyroclast Black shale Oolite

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