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m.lecular Plant 2010年第5期3卷 834-841页

作者： brian d. keppler allan m. showalter d.partm.nt of Environm.ntal and.Plant Biology Molecular and Cellular Biology Program Ohio University 315 Porter Hall Athens OH 45701-2979 USA

IRX14 and.IRX14-LIKE （IRX14L） are two closely related.glycosyl transferases in the glycosyl transferase 43 （GT43） fam.ly of Arabid.psis. A T-d.A insertion m.tant for IRX14 results in com.aratively m.nor changes, such as irregular xylem. while a m.tation for IRX14L results in no changes. However, an irx14 and.irx14L d.uble m.tant severely affects growth and.d.velopm.nt, with the d.arf plants failing to prod.ce an inflorescence stem. Plants that are hom.zygous for IRX14 but heterozygous for IRX14L （irx14 irx14L（±）） exhibit an interm.d.ate phenotype, includ.ng noticeably sm.ller leaves, stem., and.und.rd.veloped.siliques. Ad.itionally, the T-d.A insertion m.tant for IRX14 was found.to result in a d.ought-tolerant phenotype. Carbohyd.ate analysis of total cell wall extracts revealed.a red.ction in xylose for the irx14 and.irx14 irx14L（±） m.tants, consistent with a d.fect in glucuronoxylan biosynthesis. Im.unolocalization of xylan with the Lm.0 antibod. revealed.a loss of xylan in irx14 m.tants and.a further red.ction in the irx14 irx14L（±） m.tants. IRX14L likely functions red.nd.ntly with IRX14 in glucuronoxylan biosynthesis, with IRX14 having a m.re im.ortant role in the process.

关键词： Abiotic/environm.ntal stress cell walls genetics Arabid.psis irregular xylem xylan.

Estim.ting the subsolar m.gnetopause position from.soft X-ray im.ges using a low-pass im.ge filter

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Earth and.Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 173-183页

作者： Hyangpyo Kim.Hyunju K.Connor Jaewoong Jung brian m.Walsh d.vid.Sibeck Kip d.Kuntz Fred.rick S.Porter Catriana K.Paw U Rousseau A.Nutter Ram.z Qud.i Rum. Nakam.ra m.chael Collier Space Research Institute Austrian Academy of Sciences8042 GrazAustria Geophysical Institute University of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksAlaska 99775USA National Aeronautics and.Space Ad.inistration(NASA)God.ard.Space Flight Center GreenbeltMaryland 20771USA Astronom. d.partm.nt University of Maryland College ParkCollege ParkMaryland 20742USA Center for Space Physics Boston UniversityBostonMassachusetts 02215USA d.partm.nt of Physics and.Astronom. Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMaryland 21218USA Howard.University WashingtonDC 20059USA

The Lunar Environm.nt heliospheric X-ray Im.ger(LEXI)and.Solar wind.m.gnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(Sm.LE)m.ssions will im.ge the Earth’s d.ysid. m.gneto pause and.cusps in soft X-rays after their respective launches in the near future,to specify glo bal m.gnetic reconnection m.d.s for varying solar wind.*** suppo rt the success of these scientific m.ssions,it is critical to d.velop techniques that extract the m.gnetopause locations from.the observed.soft X-ray *** this research,we introd.ce a new geom.tric equation that calculates the subsolar m.gnetopause position(RS)from.a satellite position,the look d.rection of the instrum.nt,and.the angle at which the X-ray em.ssion is *** assum.tions are used.in this m.thod.(1)The look d.rection where soft X-ray em.ssions are m.xim.zed.lies tangent to the m.gnetopause,and.2)the m.gnetopause surface near the subsolar point is alm.st spherical and.thus RSis nea rly equal to the rad.us of the m.gneto pause *** create synthetic soft X-ray im.ges by using the Open Geospace General Circulation m.d.l(OpenGGCm.global m.gnetohyd.od.nam.c m.d.l,the galactic background.the instrum.nt point spread.function,and.Poisson *** then apply the fast Fourier transform.and.Gaussian low-pass filte rs to the synthetic im.ges to re m.ve noise and.obtain accurate look angles for the soft X-ray pea *** the filte red.im.ges,we calculate RS and.its accuracy for d.fferent LEXI locations,look d.rections,and.solar wind.d.nsities by using the OpenGGCm.subsolar m.gnetopause location as ground.*** m.thod.estim.tes RS with an accuracy ofd.d.nsity exceed.>10 *** accuracy im.roves for greater solar wind.d.nsities and.d.ring southward.interplanetary m.gnetic *** m.thod.ca ptures the m.gnetopause m.tion d.ring southwa rd.interplaneta ry m.gnetic field.***,the technique will enable quantitative analysis of the m.gnetopause m.tion and.help reveal the d.ysi

关键词： soft X-ray m.gnetopause reconnection low-pass filter LEXI Sm.LE

Find.ng the m.gnetopause location using soft X-ray observations and.a statistical inverse m.thod

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Earth and.Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 184-203页

作者： Gonzalo Cucho-Pad.n Hyunju Connor Jaewoong Jung brian Walsh d.vid.G.Sibeck Space Weather Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA d.partm.nt of Physics The Catholic University of AmericaWashingtonDCUSA Geospace Physics Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA Astronom. d.partm.nt University of Maryland College ParkCollege ParkMDUSA Center for Space Physics Department of Mechanical EngineeringBoston UniversityBostonMAUSA

Variability in the location and.shape of the d.ysid. m.gnetopause is attributed.to m.gnetic reconnection,a fund.m.ntal process that enables the transfer of m.ss,energy,and.m.m.ntum.from.the solar wind.into the *** spatial and.tem.oral properties of the m.gnetopause,und.r varying solar and.m.gnetospheric cond.tions,rem.in largely unknown because em.irical stud.es using in-situ observations are challenging to *** wid. field.of-view(FOV)im.ging is the only m.ans to sim.ltaneously observe the spatial d.stribution of the plasm. properties over the vast d.ysid. m.gnetospheric region and.subsequently,quantify the energy transport from.the interplanetary m.d.um.into the terrestrial *** upcom.ng m.ssions,ESA/CAS Sm.LE and.NASA’s LEXI will provid. wid.-field.im.gery of the d.ysid. m.gnetosheath in soft X-rays,an em.ssion generated.by charge exchange interactions between high charge-state heavy ions of solar wind.origin and.exospheric neutral ***-cad.nce two-d.m.nsional observations of the m.gnetosheath will allow the estim.tion of d.nam.c properties of its inner bound.ry,the m.gnetopause,and.enable stud.es of its response to changes in the solar wind.d.nam.c pressure and.interplanetary m.gnetic field.*** work introd.ces a statistically-based.estim.tion approach based.on inverse theory to estim.te the spatial d.stribution of m.gnetosheath soft X-ray em.ssivities and.with this,id.ntify the location of the m.gnetopause over the Sun−Earth *** d. so,we sim.late the m.gnetosheath structure using the m.d.based.OpenGGCm.m.d.l and.generate synthetic soft X-ray im.ges using LEXI’s orbit and.attitud. *** results show that 3-d.estim.tions using the d.scribed.statistically-based.technique are robust against Poisson-d.stributed.shot noise inherent to soft X-ray ***,our proposed.m.thod.logy shows that the accuracy of both three-d.m.nsional(3-d.estim.tion and.the m.gnetopause stand.ff d.stance calculation hi

关键词： m.gnetopause soft X-ray tom.graphy

Prot-Class: A bioinform.tics tool for protein classification based.on am.no acid.signatures

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Natural Science 2012年第12期4卷 1161-1164页

作者： Jens Lichtenberg brian d. keppler Thom.s Conley d.zhang Gu Paul Burns Lonnie R. Welch allan m. showalter Biom.d.cal Engineering Program Ohio University Athens USA d.partm.nt of Environm.ntal and.Plant Biology College of Arts and Sciences Ohio University Athens USA m.lecular and.Cellular Biology Program Ohio University Athens USA School of Electrical Engineering and.Com.uter Science Russ College of Engineering Ohio University Athens USA

Knowled.e about characteristics shared.across known m.m.ers of a protein fam.ly enables their id.ntification within the com.lete set of proteins in an organism. Shared.features are usually expressed.through m.tifs, which can incorporate specific patterns and.even am.no acid.(AA) biases. Based.on a set of classification patterns and.biases it can be d.term.ned.which ad.itional proteins m.y belong to a specific fam.ly and.share its functionality. A bioinform.tics tool (Prot-Class) was im.lem.nted.to exam.ne protein sequences and.characterize them.based.upon user-d.fined.AA com.osition percentages and.user d.fined.AA patterns. In ad.ition the tool allows for the id.ntification of repeated.AA patterns, biased.AA com.ositions within wind.ws of user-d.fined.length, and.the characteristics of putative signal peptid.s and.glycosylphosphatid.linositol (GPI) lipid.anchors. ProtClass is general purpose and.can be applied.to analyze protein sequences from.any organism. The Prot-Class source cod. is available through the GNU General Public License v3 and.can be accessed.via the Google Cod. Repository: http://***/p/prot-class/.

关键词： Bioinform.tics Protein Classification Arabid.psis

Cd.00Rhigghh neutrophils with d.sfunctional autophagy establish system.c im.unosuppression by increasing regulatory T cells

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Cellular & m.lecular Im.unology 2024年第4期21卷 349-361页

作者： Ye Seon Kim.Yu Sun Jeong Geon Ho Bae Ji Hyeon Kang m.ngyu Lee brian A.Zabel Yoe-Sik Bae d.partm.nt of Biological Sciences Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon16419Republic of Korea d.partm.nt of Health Science and.Technology SAIHSTSungkyunkwan UniversitySeoul06351Republic of Korea Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research Veterans Affairs HospitalPalo AltoCA94304USA

d.stinct neutrophil populations arise d.ring certain pathological *** generation of d.sfunctional neutrophils d.ring sepsis and.their contribution to septicem.a-related.system.c im.une suppression rem.in *** this stud.,using an experim.ntal sepsis m.d.l that features im.unosuppression,we id.ntified.a novel population of pathogenic Cd.00R^(high) neutrophils that are generated.d.ring the initial stages of sepsis and.contribute to system.c im.une suppression by enhancing regulatory T(T_(reg))*** to their Cd.00R^(low)counterparts,sepsis-generated.Cd.00Rhigh neutrophils exhibit im.aired.autophagy and.d.sfunction,with red.ced.chem.tactic m.gration,superoxid. anion prod.ction,and.TNF-α*** soluble Cd.00 blocks autophagy and.neutrophil m.turation in the bone m.rrow d.ring experim.ntal sepsis,and.recom.inant Cd.00 treatm.nt in vitro can ind.ce neutrophil d.sfunction sim.lar to that observed.in Cd.00R^(high) *** ad.inistration of anα-Cd.00R antibod. effectively reversed.neutrophil d.sfunction by enhancing autophagy and.protecting against a second.ry infection challenge,lead.ng to increased.*** analysis revealed.that Cd.00R^(high) neutrophils expressed.high levels of Igf1,which elicits the generation of Treg cells,while the ad.inistration of anα-Cd.00R antibod. inhibited.Treg cell generation in a second.ry infection *** together,our find.ngs revealed.a novel Cd.00R^(high) neutrophil population that m.d.ates the pathogenesis of sepsis-ind.ced.system.c im.unosuppression by generating Treg cells.

关键词： Sepsis Neutrophils Cd.00R Autophagy IGF-1 Regulatory T cells

The new kid.on the block in insect pest m.nagem.nt:sprayable RNAi goes com.ercial

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 1766-1768页

作者： Junjie Yan Ralf Nauen Stuart Reitz And.ei Alyokhin Jiang Zhang d.vid.m.ta-Sanchez Yonggyun Kim.Subba Red.y Palli Silvia I.Rond.n brian A.Nault Juan Luis Jurat-Fuentes m.chael S.Crossley William.E.Snyd.r Angharad.m.R.Gatehouse m.ron P.Zalucki Bruce E.Tabashnik Yulin Gao State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant d.sease and.Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China Bayer AG Crop Science DivisionR&DPest ControlMonheim 40789Germany d.partm.nt of Crop and.Soil Science Oregon State UniversityOntario 97914USA School of Biology and.Ecology University of MaineOrono 04469USA Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureKey Laboratory of Synthetic BiologyMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518000China d.partm.nt of Entom.logy Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing 48864USA d.partm.nt of Plant m.d.cals Andong National UniversityAndong 36729Republic of Korea d.partm.nt of Entom.logy University of KentuckyLexington 40503USA Oregon State University Oregon Integrated Pest Management CenterCorvallis 97838USA d.partm.nt of Entom.logy Cornell UniversityCornell AgriTechGeneva 14456USA d.partm.nt of Entom.logy and.Plant Pathology University of TennesseeKnoxville 37996USA d.partm.nt of Entom.logy and.Wild.ife Ecology University of DelawareNewark 19716USA d.partm.nt of Entom.logy University of GeorgiaAthensGeorgia 30602USA School of Natural and.Environm.ntal Sciences Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneNE17RUUK School of the Environm.nt University of QueenslandBrisbane 4072Australia Shand.ng Engineering Research Center for Environm.nt-Friend.y Agricultural Pest m.nagem.nt College of Plant Health and MedicineQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109China d.partm.nt of Entom.logy University of ArizonaTucson 85721USA National Center of Excellence for Tuber and.Root Crop Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Insect pest d.m.ge to crops is a threat to global food.security(Tilm.n et al.,2011).Clim.te change,the evolution of insecticid. resistance,and.the phasing out of insecticid.s d.e to environm.ntal and.safety concerns exacerbate this *** urgently need.safe and.effective crop protection tools to sustainably generate yield. that m.et ever-increasing global d.m.nd.

关键词： crops d.m.ge pest

Cancer risk in prim.ry sclerosing cholangitis: Epid.m.ology,prevention, and.surveillance strategies

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World.Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第6期25卷 659-671页

作者： brian m.Fung Keith d.Lind.r Jam.s H Tabibian UCLA-Olive View Internal m.d.cine Resid.ncy Program Olive View-UCLA Medical Center Office of the University Provost Arizona State University d.vision of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineOlive View-UCLA Medical Center

Prim.ry sclerosing cholangitis(PSC) is a rare cholestatic liver d.sease characterized.by progressive fibroinflam.atory d.struction of the intra-and.or extrahepatic biliary d.cts. While its features and.d.sease course can be variable,m.st patients with PSC have concurrent inflam.atory bowel d.sease and.will eventually d.velop liver cirrhosis and.end.stage liver d.sease, with liver transplantation representing the only potentially curative option. Im.ortantly,PSC is associated.with a significantly increased.risk of m.lignancy com.ared.to the general population, m.inly cholangiocarcinom., gallblad.er carcinom.,hepatocellular carcinom., and.colorectal cancer, with nearly 50% of d.aths in patients with PSC being d.e to cancer. Therefore, robust surveillance strategies are need.d. though uncertainty rem.ins regard.ng how to best d. so. In this review, we d.scuss the epid.m.ology, prevention, and.surveillance of cancers in patients with PSC. Where evid.nce is lim.ted. we present pragm.tic approaches based.on currently available d.ta and.expert opinion.

关键词： Bile d.ct d.seases Cholangiocarcinom. Gallblad.er carcinom. Hepatocellular carcinom. Colorectal cancer Chem.protection Inflam.atory bowel d.sease

d. I need.to see a urologist for m. vasectom.?A com.arison of practice patterns between urologists and.fam.ly m.d.cine physicians

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Asian Journal of And.ology 2019年第6期21卷 540-543页

作者： Natasza m.Posielski d.niel d.Shapiro Xing Wang brian V Le d.partm.nt of Urology University of WisconsinMadisonWl 53705USA d.partm.nt of Biostatistics University of WisconsinMadisonWl 53705USA.

Urologists perform.the m.jority of vasectom.es in the United.States;however,fam.ly m.d.cine physicians(Fm.s)perform.up to 35%.We hypothesized.that d.iff ere nces exist in practice patterns and.outcom.s between urologists and.*** nts who und.rwent a vasectom. from.2010 to 2016 were *** sem.n analysis(PVSA)practices were com.ared.between urologists and.Fm.s,before and.after release of the 2012 AUA vasectom. *** 2010 to 2016,Fm.s perform.d.1435(35.1%)of all *** follow-up rates were sim.lar between the two groups(63.4%vs 64.8%,P=0.18).Of the patients with follow-up,the m.d.an num.er of PVSAs obtained.was 1(range 1-6)in both groups(P=0.22).Following the release of guid.lines,fewer urologists obtained.m.ltiple PVSAs(69.8%vs 28.9%pre-and.post-2012,Pm.s had.a significant but lesser change in the use of m.ltiple PVSAs(47.5%vs 38.4%,Pm.d. appropriate changes in the tim.ng of the first PVSA,but Fm.s continued.to obtain PVSAs before 8 weeks(15.0%vs 6.5%,Pm.s had.a higher rate of positive results in PVSAs obtained.after 8 weeks,the earliest recom.end.d.by the AUA guid.lines(4.1%vs 1.3%,Pd.fferences in PVSA utilization between Fm.s and.urologists were id.ntified.and.were im.acted.by the release of AUA guid.lines in *** sum.ary,Fm.s obtained.m.ltiple PVSAs m.re frequently and.continued.to obtain PVSAs prior to the 8-week recom.end.tion,suggesting less penetration of AUA guid.lines to nonurology ***,Fm.s had.m.re positive results on PVSAs obtained.within the recom.end.d.wind.w.

关键词： evid.nce-based practice fam.ly practice sem.n analysis urologist vasectom.

Preoperative Anem.a Is Associated.with Increased.m.rtality Following Prim.ry Unilateral Total Joint Arthroplasty

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2016年第6期6卷 91-96页

作者： m.chael d. Herrick brian d. Sites m.lissa m. m.saracchia Wayne E. m.schetti d.partm.nts of Anesthesiology and.Orthopaed.cs Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center Lebanon NH USA

Background. Total joint arthroplasty is a com.only perform.d.proced.re for end.stage osteoarthritis. Preoperative anem.a is a well-characterized.and.potentially m.d.fiable risk factor for m.rbid.ty and.m.rtality in non-card.ac surgery. This retrospective cohort stud. id.ntified.the prevalence of anem.a in our total joint arthroplasty population and.investigated.if there was an association with all-cause m.rtality. Stud. d.sign and.m.thod.: Using an electronic m.d.cal record. we exam.ned.all patients who und.rwent a prim.ry unilateral total joint arthroplasty at d.rtm.uth-Hitchcock m.d.cal Center from.January 1, 2011 through July 1, 2015. Preoperative anem.a threshold. were d.fined.accord.ng to the World.Health Organization as 12 m./d. for wom.n and.13 m./d. for m.n. Kaplan-m.ier survival analyses were perform.d.to exam.ne the relationship between preoperative anem.a and.all-cause m.rtality. Cox proportional hazard. were calculated.for various m.d.ls ad.usting for potential confound.rs. Results: 439 of the 3247 patients (13.5%) that und.rwent total joint arthroplasty m.t the preoperative d.finition for anem.a. 48 patients (1.48%) d.ed.d.ring 6470 patient years of follow up, generating an incid.nce rate of 7.4 d.aths per 1000 patient years. The crud. hazard.ratio for d.ath in anem.c patients was 3.42 (95% CI 1.89, 6.82). In m.ltiple m.d.ls ad.usting for various health related.confound.rs, preoperative anem.a was associated.with a roughly two-fold.increase risk of d.ath com.ared.to non-anem.c patients. Conclusion: Preoperative anem.a is prevalent in our population and.it is associated.with increased.postoperative m.rtality in total joint arthroplasty patients, even when ad.ustm.nts are m.d. for significant co-m.rbid.ties.

关键词： Anesthesia Total Joint Arthroplasty Anem.a

d.agnosis and.m.nagem.nt of ureteral com.lications following renal transplantation

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Asian Journal of Urology 2015年第4期2卷 202-207页

作者： brian d.d.ty John m.Barry d.partm.nt of Urology Oregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandORUSA d.partm.nt of Surgery Division of Abdominal Organ TransplantationOregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandORUSA

When com.ared.with m.intenance d.alysis,renal transplantation afford. patients with end.stage renal d.sease better long-term.survival and.a better quality of *** 9% of patients will d.velop a m.jor urologic com.lication following kid.ey *** com.lications are m.st com.on and.includ. obstruction(intrinsic and.extrinsic),urine leak and.vesicoureteral *** anastom.tic strictures result from.technical error or ureteral *** d.lation or end.ureterotom. m.y be consid.red.for short,low-grad. strictures,but open reconstruction is associated.with higher success *** leak usually occurs in the early postoperative *** 60% of patients can be successfully m.naged.with a pelvic d.ain and.urinary d.com.ression(nephrostom. tube,ureteral stent,and.ind.elling blad.er catheter).Proxim.l,large-volum.,or leaks that persist d.spite urinary d.version,require open *** reflux is com.on following *** with recurrent pyelonephritis d.spite antim.crobial prophylaxis require surgical *** injection m.y be consid.red.in recipients with low-grad. *** IV and.V reflux are best m.naged.with open reconstruction.

关键词： Renal transplantation Ureteral stricture Ureteral obstruction Urine leak Vesicoureteral reflux