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Radiative-coupled evaporative cooling:Fundamentals,development,and applications

Nano Research Energy 2024年第2期3卷 56-68页

作者： Li Yu Yimou Huang Weihong Li Changmin Shi brian W.Sheldon Zhuo Chen Meijie Chen School of Energy Science and Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China School of Engineering Brown UniversityProvidenceRI 02912USA

As global energy demand continues to rise and climate change accelerates,the need for sustainable and energy-efficient cooling solutions has reached a critical *** air conditioning systems heavily rely on energy-intensive mechanical cooling,which significantly contributes to both electricity demand and greenhouse gas *** cooling strategies,particularly radiative cooling(RC)and evaporative cooling(EC),present an alternative approach by harnessing natural processes for temperature *** standalone RC can be affected by weather conditions and EC relies on water availability,Radiative-coupled EC(REC)offers a versatile and sustainable cooling solution suitable for various *** we summarize an overview of the theoretical foundations and mathematical models of REC,encompassing REC by bulk water(REC-BW),REC by perspiration(REC-P),and REC by sorbed water(REC-SW).Moreover,we explore a range of applications,spanning from industrial processes to personal thermal management,and examine the advantages and challenges associated with each REC *** significance of REC lies in its potential to revolutionize cooling technology,reduce energy consumption,and minimize the environmental ***-BW can conserve water resources in industrial cooling processes,while REC-P offers innovative solutions for wearable electronics and ***-SW’s adaptability makes it suitable for food preservation and future potable cooling *** addressing the challenges posed by REC,including water consumption,textile design,and optimization of bilayer structures,we can unlock the transformative potential of REC and contribute to sustainable cooling technologies in a warming world.

关键词： radiative cooling evaporative cooling passive cooling thermal radiation mass transfer

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Necking of anisotropic micro-films with strain-gradient effects

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2008年第5期24卷 557-567页

作者： brian Nyvang Legarth Department of Mechanical Engineering Solid MechanicsTechnical University of Denmark2800 Kgs LyngbyDenmark

Necking of stubby micro-films of aluminum is investigated numerically by considering tension of a specimen with an initial imperfection used to onset localisation. Plastic anisotropy is represented by two different yield criteria and strain-gradient effects are accounted for using the visco-plastic finite strain model. Furthermore, the model is extended to isotropic anisotropic hardening （evolving anisotropy）. For isotropic hardening plastic anisotropy affects the predicted overall nominal stress level, while the peak stress remains at an overall logarithmic strain corresponding to the hardening exponent. This holds true for both local and nonlocal materials. Anisotropic hardening delays the point of maximum overall nominal stress.

关键词： Micro-film Finite strain Nonlocal anisotropic visco-plasticity Anisotropic hardening

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Potential Vorticity and the PV Perspective

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2015年第1期32卷 2-9页

作者： brian HOSKINS Department of Meteorology University of Reading Grantham Institute for Climate Change Imperial College London

This paper highlights some theoretical aspects of potential vorticity（PV） and discusses some of the insights the PV perspective has given us. The topics covered include the nature of PV, its controlling role in the symmetric stability of the atmosphere, its inversion to give the flow field, Rossby waves and their coupling to give baroclinic instability, PV and midlatitude weather systems and, finally, insights into tropical motions.

关键词： circulation stability Rossby waves tropopause

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The Early Evolutionary History and Adaptive Radiation of the Pterosauria

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2012年第6期86卷 1356-1365页

作者： brian ANDRES Department of Geology University of South Florida

Phylogenetic analyses of early pterosaur species are relatively new and contradictory. However, they imply a similar evolutionary history for early pterosaurs： a large divergence of all major early groups of pterosaurs before the first named pterosaur species appeared in the fossil record. This large, unsampled divergence may be a record of the initial adaptive radiation of the pterosaurs, but a recent comprehensive phylogenetic analysis reconstructs named Triassic pterosaur species grouped together in a monophyletic clade with all other major groups diverging later. Ten patterns that characterize adaptive radiations put forward by Gavrilets and Losos （2009） are assessed for congruence with the comprehensive phylogeny and two previous phylogenies to determine which are consistent with our notions of an adaptive radiation. Of the eight patterns that can be applied to pterosaurs, only six vary between pterosaur phylogenies. Of these six patterns, all apply to the three phylogenies with varying amounts of support. For many patterns, however, the comprehensive phylogeny has a greater magnitude, shorter time span, or is the only topology within which they can be assessed. Pterosaurs are characterized by an adaptive radiation no matter which phylogeny is considered, but congruence with the fossil record increases the support and information content of a phylogeny by reducing the time and area within which to reconstruct evolutionary history.

关键词： Pterosauria adaptive radiation phylogeny Triassic

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Ocean waves propagating over a porous seabed: Residual and oscillatory mechanisms

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2007年第1期50卷 81-89页

作者： SEYMOUR brian Department of Mathematics The University of British ColumbiaVancouverV6Z 1Z2Canada

Two mechanisms for the wave-induced pore pressures in a porous seabed, i.e. oscillatory and residual excess pore pressures, have been observed in laboratory experiments and field measurements. Most previous investigations have focused on one of the mechanisms individually. In this paper, an analytical solution for the wave-induced residual pore pressure, which is not available yet, is derived, and compared with the existing experimental data. With the new solution, a parametric analysis is performed to clarify the applicable ranges of two mechanisms. Then, a simplified approximation for the prediction of wave-induced liquefaction potential is proposed for engineering practice.

关键词： seabed pore pressure residual oscillatory wave loading

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Novel Heat Transfer Issues Associated with the Design and Safe Operation of the MEGAPIE Spallation Source Target

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Journal of Thermal Science 2007年第1期16卷 63-78页

作者： brian L.Smith Thermal Hydraulics Laboratory Paul Scherrer InstituteSwitzerland

Critical heat transfer problems are discussed in the context of the operation of a spallation source target, which represents a first demonstration of the feasibility of an innovative concept for generating energy using a particle accelerator. Within the framework of the umbrella project MEGAPIE, an R＆D support group was organized to take responsibility for target cooling. This involved the use of advanced numerical methods - Computational Fluid Dynamics （CFD） and Finite Element Method （FEM） - validated against suitable experimental data, and by means of appropriate benchmarking exercises. The design studies using CFD resulted in an optimum flow configuration being defined for the coolant circulation. Flow visualization tests were undertaken using a glass/water test section, with the velocity field mapped using optical and ultrasonic measuring techniques. These were followed by heat transfer tests, using the actual target materials （lead-bismuth-eutectic coolant and steel confinement）. Further CFD/FEM work to analyze operational transients and accident sequences was also carded out, and is described in the paper.

关键词： computational fluid dynamics finite element method liquid-metal coolant spallation source target

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Cracking analysis of fracture mechanics by the finite element method of lines(FEMOL)

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2005年第5期21卷 495-502页

作者： Shaowei Hu brian Moran Department of Materials and Structural Engineering Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute Nanjing 210024 China Department of Civil Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL 60201 USA

The Finite Element Method of Lines （FEMOL） is a semi-analytic approach and takes a position between FEM and analytic methods. First, FEMOL in Fracture Mechanics is presented in detail. Then, the method is applied to a set of examples such as edge-crack plate, the central-crack plate, the plate with cracks emanating from a hole under tensile or under combination loads of tensile and bending. Their dimensionless stress distribution, the stress intensify factor （SIF） and crack opening displacement （COD） are obtained, and comparison with known solutions by other methods are reported. It is found that a good accuracy is achieved by FEMOL. The method is successfully modified to remarkably increase the accuracy and reduce convergence difficulties. So it is a very useful and new tool in studying fracture mechanics problems.

关键词： The finite element method of lines (FEMOL) .Cracking analysis . Application

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Atomistic Line Graph Neural Network for improved materials property predictions

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 1691-1698页

作者： Kamal Choudhary brian Decost Materials Measurement Laboratory National Institute of Standards and TechnologyGaithersburgMD 20899USA Theiss ResearchLa Jolla California 92037USA DeepMaterials LLC Silver SpringMD 20906USA

Graph neural networks(GNN)have been shown to provide substantial performance improvements for atomistic material representation and modeling compared with descriptor-based machine learning *** most existing GNN models for atomistic predictions are based on atomic distance information,they do not explicitly incorporate bond angles,which are critical for distinguishing many atomic ***,many material properties are known to be sensitive to slight changes in bond *** present an Atomistic Line Graph Neural Network(ALIGNN),a GNN architecture that performs message passing on both the interatomic bond graph and its line graph corresponding to bond *** demonstrate that angle information can be explicitly and efficiently included,leading to improved performance on multiple atomistic prediction *** ALIGNN models for predicting 52 solid-state and molecular properties available in the JARVIS-DFT,Materials project,and QM9 *** can outperform some previously reported GNN models on atomistic prediction tasks by up to 85%in accuracy with better or comparable model training speed.

关键词： explicitly property passing

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An Anti-Counterfeiting RFID Privacy Protection Protocol

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2007年第3期22卷 438-448页

作者： Xiaolan Zhang brian King Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois U.S.A. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis U.S.A.

The privacy problem of many RFID systems has been extensively studied. Yet integrity in RFID has not received much attention as regular computer systems. When we evaluate an identification protocol for an RFID system for anti-counterfeiting, it is important to consider integrity issues. Moreover, many RFID systems are accessed by multiple level trust parties, which makes comprehensive integrity protection even harder. In this paper, we first propose an integrity model for RFID protocols. Then we use the model to analyze the integrity problems in Squealing Euros protocol. Squealing Euros was proposed by Juels and Pappu for RFID enabled banknotes that will support anti-forgery and lawful tracing yet preserve individual＇s privacy. We analyze its integrity, we then discuss the problems that arise and propose some solutions to these problems. Then an improved protocol with integrity protection for the law enforcement is constructed, which includes an unforgeable binding between the banknote serial number and the RF ciphertext only readable to law enforcement. This same protocol can be applied in many other applications which require a privacy protecting anti-counterfeiting mechanism.

关键词： RFID security integrity privacy

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Evidence-based Clinical Chinese Medicine:What Has Changed Over the Past 20 Years

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广州中医药大学学报 2024年第10期41卷 2555-2567页

作者： Charlie Changli Xue Anthony Lin Zhang brian H May Louise Pobjoy Iris Wenyu Zhou RMIT University MelbourneAustralia

Chinese medicine has been used for centuries to treat a range of health *** history has produced a wealth of classical literature,case studies and clinical research data detailing its use and ***,high-quality and conclusive evidence that meets modern requirements for clinical decision support is *** evidence gap limits the integration of Chinese medicine with contemporary medicine,which in turn limits global access and acceptance of Chinese medicine as a form of safe and effective health *** the past 20 years,researchers and organisations around the world,including the World Health Organization(WHO)and United Nations,have worked to support the integration of traditional medicines,such as Chinese medicine,with conventional medicines to improve global health *** paper provides an overview of Chinese medicine studies published in the top four general medical journals(BMJ,JAMA,Lancet and New England Journal of Medicine)from February 2005 to February 2024 in the past 20 years to highlight the progress in the development of this evidence *** also highlights key actions taken to promote evidence-based clinical Chinese medicine,including product and practitioner regulation,formalising education standards,and international *** conducted at the China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine demonstrates the benefits of such a *** development of its unique and inclusive‘whole-evidence’approach,plus clinical studies and systematic reviews,the Centre has significantly contributed to the evidence base for clinical Chinese *** addition,its high-impact papers and groundbreaking monographs have been cited in international conventional medicine *** progress has certainly been made during the past 20 years to build a stronger evidence base for clinical Chinese medicine,there is still a considerable gap that limits its integration with conventional medic

关键词： evidence-based medicine traditional Chinese medicine whole-evidence approach integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine integrative medicine China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine

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