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Finding.the m.g.etopause location using.soft X-ray observations and a statistical inverse m.thod

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 184-203页

作者： g.nzalo Cucho-Padin Hyunju Connor Jaewoong.Jung.brian Walsh David g.Sibeck Space Weather Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA Departm.nt of Physics The Catholic University of AmericaWashingtonDCUSA g.ospace Physics Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA Astronom. Departm.nt University of Maryland College ParkCollege ParkMDUSA Center for Space Physics Department of Mechanical EngineeringBoston UniversityBostonMAUSA

Variability in the location and shape of the dayside m.g.etopause is attributed to m.g.etic reconnection,a fundam.ntal process that enables the transfer of m.ss,energ.,and m.m.ntum.from.the solar wind into the *** spatial and tem.oral properties of the m.g.etopause,under varying.solar and m.g.etospheric conditions,rem.in larg.ly unknown because em.irical studies using.in-situ observations are challeng.ng.to *** wide field-of-view(FOV)im.g.ng.is the only m.ans to sim.ltaneously observe the spatial distribution of the plasm. properties over the vast dayside m.g.etospheric reg.on and,subsequently,quantify the energ. transport from.the interplanetary m.dium.into the terrestrial *** upcom.ng.m.ssions,ESA/CAS Sm.LE and NASA’s LEXI will provide wide-field im.g.ry of the dayside m.g.etosheath in soft X-rays,an em.ssion g.nerated by charg. exchang. interactions between hig. charg.-state heavy ions of solar wind orig.n and exospheric neutral ***-cadence two-dim.nsional observations of the m.g.etosheath will allow the estim.tion of dynam.c properties of its inner boundary,the m.g.etopause,and enable studies of its response to chang.s in the solar wind dynam.c pressure and interplanetary m.g.etic field *** work introduces a statistically-based estim.tion approach based on inverse theory to estim.te the spatial distribution of m.g.etosheath soft X-ray em.ssivities and,with this,identify the location of the m.g.etopause over the Sun−Earth *** do so,we sim.late the m.g.etosheath structure using.the m.D-based Openg.Cm.m.del and g.nerate synthetic soft X-ray im.g.s using.LEXI’s orbit and attitude *** results show that 3-D estim.tions using.the described statistically-based technique are robust ag.inst Poisson-distributed shot noise inherent to soft X-ray ***,our proposed m.thodolog. shows that the accuracy of both three-dim.nsional(3-D)estim.tion and the m.g.etopause standoff distance calculation hi

关键词： m.g.etopause soft X-ray tom.g.aphy

New Opportunities for Neutrons in Environm.ntal and Biolog.cal Sciences

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Frontiers of Environm.ntal Science & Eng.neering 2024年第7期18卷 179-186页

作者： Alexander Johs Shuo Qian Leig.ton Coates brian H.Davison Jam.s g.Elkins Xin g. Jennifer m.rrell-Falvey Hug. O'Neill Jeffrey m.Warren Eric m.Pierce Kenneth Herwig Oak Ridg. National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN37831USA

The use of neutron m.thods in environm.ntal and biolog.cal sciences is rapidly em.rg.ng.and accelerating.with the developm.nt of new instrum.nts at neutron user *** article,based on a workshop held at Oak Ridg. National Laboratory(ORNL),offers insig.ts into the application of neutron techniques in environm.ntal and biolog.cal *** hig.lig.t recent advances and identify key challeng.s and potential future research *** include soil and rhizosphere processes,root water dynam.cs,plant-m.crobe interactions,structure and dynam.cs of biolog.cal system.,applications in synthetic biolog. and enzym. eng.neering.next-g.neration bioproducts,biom.terials and bioenerg.,nanoscale structure,and fluid dynam.cs of porous m.terials in *** provide an outlook on em.rg.ng.opportunities with an em.hasis on new capabilities that will be enabled at the Spallation Neutron Source Second Targ.t Station currently under desig. at *** m.ssion of scientific neutron user facilities worldwide is to enable science using.state-of-the-art neutron *** aim.to encourag. researchers in the environm.ntal and biolog.cal research com.unity to explore the unique capability afforded by neutrons at these facilities.

关键词： Neutrons Environm.nt Biolog. Neutron im.g.ng Neutron scattering Second Targ.t Station(STS)

Psychiatric com.rbidities in epilepsy:population co-occurrence,g.netic correlations and causal effects

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g.neral Psychiatry 2024年第1期37卷 103-111页

作者： Viktor H Ahlqvist Christina Dardani Paul m.dley-Dowd Harriet Forbes Jessica Rast Caichen Zhong.Renee m.g.rdner Christina Dalm.n Kristen Lyal cRAIg.Newschaffer Torbjorn Tom.on m.chael Lundberg.Daniel Berg.ind Neil m.Davies brian K Lee Cecilia m.g.usson Dheeraj Rai Departm.nt of g.obal Public Health Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden m.dical Research Council Integ.ative Epidem.olog. Unit Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK Centre for Academ.c m.ntal Health Population Health SciencesBristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK Faculty of Epidem.olog. and Population Health London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK A.J.Drexel Autism.Institute Drexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA Departm.nt of Epidem.olog. and Biostatistics School of Public HealthDrexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA Colleg. of Health and Hum.n Developm.nt Pennsylvania State UniversityState CollegePAUSA Departm.nt of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Centre for Epidem.olog. and Com.unity m.dicine Region StockholmStockholmSweden K.g.Jebsen Center for g.netic Epidem.olog. Department of Public Health and NursingNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway Division of Psychiatry University Collge LondonLondonUK Departm.nt of Statistical Sciences University Cllge LondonLondonK NIHR Biom.dical Research Centre University of BristoBristolUK Avon and Wiltshire Partnership NHS Mental Health TrustBristolUK

Backg.ound Psychiatric com.rbidities are com.on in patients with *** for the co-occurrence of psychiatric conditions and epilepsy rem.in poorly *** We aim.d to triang.late the relationship between epilepsy and psychiatric conditions to determ.ne the extent and possible orig.ns of these *** Using.nationwide Swedish health reg.stries,we quantified the lifetim. prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients with *** then used sum.arydata from.g.nom.-wide association studies to investig.te whether the identified observational associations could be attributed to a shared underlying.g.netic aetiolog. using.cross-trait linkag. disequilibrium.score ***,we assessed the potential bidirectional relationships using.two-sam.le m.ndelian *** In a cohort of 7628495 individuals,we found that alm.st half of the 94435 individuals diag.osed with epilepsy were also diag.osed with a psychiatric condition in their lifetim.(adjusted lifetim. prevalence,44.09%;95%confidence interval(Cl)43.78%to 44.39%).We found evidence for a g.netic correlation between epilepsy and som. neurodevelopm.ntal and psychiatric *** exam.le,we observed a g.netic correlation between epilepsy and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(r,=0.18,95%Cl 0.09 to 0.27,pm.re pronounced in focal epilepsy(r=0.23,95%CI 0.09 to 0.36,pg. from.m.ndelian random.sation using.com.on g.netic variants did not support bidirectional effects between epilepsy and neurodevelopm.ntal or psychiatric *** Psychiatric com.rbidities are com.on in patients with *** correlations m.y partially explain som. com.rbidities;however,there is little evidence of a bidirectional relationship between the g.netic liability of epilepsy and psychiatric *** finding. hig.lig.t the need to understand the role of environm.ntal factors or rare g.netic variations in the orig.ns of psy

关键词： epilepsy Psychiat lifetim.

International consensus g.idelines on robotic pancreatic surg.ry in 2023

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Hepatobiliary Surg.ry and Nutrition 2024年第1期13卷 89-104页

作者： Rong.Liu m.ham.ed Abu Hilal m.rc g.Besselink Thilo Hackert Chinnusam. Palanivelu Yupei Zhao Jin He Ug. Bog.i Jin-Young.Jang.Fabrizio Panaro brian K.P.g.h m.khail Efanov Yuichi Nag.kawa Hong.Jin Kim.Xiaoyu Yin Zhim.ng.Zhao Yi-m.ng.Shyr Shridhar Iyer Eli Kakiashvili Ho-Seong.Han Jae Hoon Lee Roland Croner m.rco Vito m.rino Arun Prasad Wei Wang.Song.ing.He Kehu Yang.Qu Liu Zizheng.Wang.m.ng.ang.Li Shuai Xu Kong.uan Wei Zhaoda Deng.Yuze Jia Tess m.E.van Ram.horst Faculty of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surg.ry The First Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army(PLA)General HospitalBeijingChina Departm.nt of Surg.ry Poliambulanza Foundation HospitalBresciaItaly Departm.nt of Surg.ry University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation TrustSouthamptonUK Am.terdam.Um. location University of AmsterdamDepartment of SurgeryAmsterdamThe Netherlands Cancer Center Am.terdam AmsterdamThe Netherlands Departm.nt of g.neral Visceral and Thoracic SurgeryUniversity Hospital Hamburg-EppendorfHamburgGermany Departm.nt of m.nim.l Invasive Hernia Surg.ry GEM Hospital and Research CentreChennaiTamil NaduIndia Departm.nt of g.neral Surg.ry Peking Union Medical College Hospital BeijingBeijingChina Departm.nt of Surg.ry Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA Division of g.neral and Transplant Surg.ry University of PisaPisaItaly Departm.nt of Surg.ry Seoul National University HospitalSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulKorea Departm.nt of Surg.ry/Division of HBP Surg.ry&Transplantation University of MontpellierMontpellierFrance Departm.nt of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surg.ry Singapore General Hospital and National Cancer Centre SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Departm.nt of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surg.ry Moscow Clinical Scientific CenterMoscowRussia Departm.nt of g.strointestinal and Pediatric Surg.ry Tokyo Medical UniversityShinjukuTokyoJapan Departm.nt of Surg.ry Yeungnam University College of MedicineDaeguKorea Departm.nt of Pancreato-Biliary Surg.ry The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina 18 Division of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery and Liver TransplantationNational University HospitalSingaporeSingapore Departm.nt of Surg.ry Galilee Medical CenterNahariyaIsrael Departm.nt of Surg.ry Seoul National University Bundang HospitalSeoul National University College of MedicineSeongnam-siKorea Division of Hepato-Biliary and Pancreatic Surg.ry Department of SurgeryAsan Medical Cente

Backg.ound:With the rapid developm.nt of robotic surg.ry,especially for the abdom.nal surg.ry,robotic pancreatic surg.ry(RPS)has been applied increasing.y around the ***,evidence-based g.idelines reg.rding.its application,safety,and efficacy are still *** harvest robust evidence and com.rehensive clinical practice,this study aim. to develop international g.idelines on the use of ***:World Health Org.nization(WHO)Handbook for g.ideline Developm.nt,g.ADE g.id m.thod,Delphi vote,and the Ag.EE-II instrum.nt were used to establish the g.ideline Steering.g.oup,g.ideline Developm.nt g.oup,and g.ideline Secretary g.oup,form.late 19 clinical questions,develop the recom.endations,and draft the *** online m.eting. were held on 04/12/2020,30/11/2021,and 25/01/2022 to vote on the recom.endations and g.t advice and sug.estions from.all involved *** the experts focusing.on m.nim.lly invasive surg.ry from.Am.rica,Europe and Oceania m.de g.eat contributions to this consensus ***:After a system.tic literature review 176 studies were included,19 questions were addressed and 14 recom.endations were developed throug. the expert assessm.nt and com.rehensive judg.ent of the quality and credibility of the ***:The international RPS g.idelines can g.ide current practice for surg.ons,patients,m.dical societies,hospital adm.nistrators,and related social *** random.zed trials are required to determ.ne the added value of RPS as com.ared to open and laparoscopic surg.ry.

关键词： Robotic surg.ry g.idelines pancreatectom. pancreaticoduodenectom. distal pancreatectom.(DP)

Synthesis and electrocatalytic applications of flower-like m.tifs and associated com.osites of nitrog.n-enriched tung.ten nitride(W2N3)

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Nano Research 2020年第5期13卷 1434-1443页

作者： Sha Tan brian m.Tackett Qun He Ji Hoon Lee Jing.uang.g.Chen Stanislaus S.Wong Departm.nt of Chem.stry State University of New York at Stony BrookStony BrookNY 11794-3400USA Departm.nt of Chem.cal Eng.neering Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10027USA Chem.stry Departm.nt Building 555Brookhaven National LaboratoryUptonNY 11973USA

We have soug.t to im.rove the electrocatalytic perform.nce of tung.ten nitride throug. synthetic control over chem.cal com.osition and *** particular,we have g.nerated a therm.dynam.cally unstable but catalytically prom.sing.nitrog.n-rich phase of tung.ten via a hydrotherm.l g.neration of a tung.ten oxide interm.diate and subsequent annealing.in *** net product consisted of three-dim.nsional(3D)m.cron-scale flower-like m.tifs of W2N3;this architecture not only evinced hig. structural stability but also incorporated the favorable properties of constituent two-dim.nsional *** a perform.nce perspective,as-prepared 3D W2N3 dem.nstrated prom.sing.hydrog.n evolution reaction(HER)activities,especially in an acidic environm.nt with a m.asured overpotential value of−101 m. at a current density of 10 m./cm.*** further enhance the electrocatalytic activity,sm.ll am.unts of precious m.tal nanoparticles(such as Pt and Au),consisting.of variable sizes,were uniform.y deposited onto the underlying.3D W2N3 m.tifs using.a facile direct deposition m.thod;these com.osites were applied towards the CO2 reduction reaction(CO2RR).A hig.lig.t of this series of experim.nts was that Au/W2N3 com.osites were found to be a m.ch m.re active HER(as opposed to either a CO2RR or a m.thanol oxidation reaction(m.R))catalyst.

关键词： tung.ten nitride synthesis com.osite m.rpholog. control electrocatalysis

Active disturbance rejection control of nonlinear SISO Lag.ang.an system. via endog.nous injections and exog.nous feedback for trajectory tracking

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Control Theory and Technolog. 2021年第1期19卷 113-126页

作者： Hebertt Sira-Ram.rez m.rio Andres Ag.ilar-Orduña brian C.g.m.ez-León Departm.nt of Electrical Eng.neering.m.chatronics Section Cinvestav-IPNAv.IPN No.2508Col.San Pedro ZacatencoCP 07300 CDMX.Mexico

This article deals with a linear classical approach for the robust output reference trajectory tracking.control of nonlinear SISO Lag.ang.an system. with a controllable(fAat)tang.nt linearization around an operating.equilibrium.*** endog.nous injections and exog.nous feedback(EIEF)approach is proposed,which is naturally equivalent to the g.neralized propor-tional integ.al control m.thod and to a robust classical com.ensation *** is shown that the EIEF controller is also equivalent,within a frequency dom.in setting.dem.nding.respect for the separation principle,to the reduced order observer based active disturbance rejection control *** proposed linear control approach is robust with respect to total dis-turbances and,thus,it is ffective for the linear control of the nonlinear Lag.ang.an *** ilustrative nonlinear rotary crane Lag.ang.an system.exam.le,which is non-feedback linearizable,is presented along.with dig.tal com.uter sim.lations.

关键词： Active disturbance rejection control Lag.ang.an system. Robust control Flatness in Lag.ang.an system.

Ang.ing.of hybrid sunfish from.a hatchery pond with potential im.lications for com.unity fisheries

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2023年第1期8卷 91-95页

作者： brian g.Blackwell m.tthew J.Ward Todd m.Kaufm.n South Dakota Departm.nt of g.m. Fish and Parks603 East 8th AvenueWebsterSD57274USA South Dakota Departm.nt of g.m. Fish and Parks44437139A StreetWaubaySD57273USA

Hatcheries are frequently called upon to produce catchable-sized fish for stocking.com.unity fishing.*** attributes of fish selected for stocking.into com.unity ponds are that they are easy to produce in a hatchery system.to sizes ang.ers are interested in catching.and they provide ang.ers with hig. catch rates once *** sunfish[m.le Blueg.ll(Lepom.s m.crochirus)×fem.le g.een Sunfish(***)]have attributes that potentially m.ke them.attractive for use in com.unity fishing.*** assessed initial ang.er catch rates of 100 stocked hybrid sunfish in a 0.12-ha hatchery pond and after being.subjected to ang.ing.four,1-hr catch-and-release fishing.events with five ang.ers).We also investig.ted whether catch rates would chang. following.a supplem.ntal stocking.of an additional 100 hybrid sunfish(four,1-hr catch-and-release fishing.events with five ang.ers).The anal fin of each fish in the second stocking.was hole punched to differentiate them.from.those of the first stocking.and fish caug.t by ang.ers were hole punched in the caudal fin each tim. they were caug.t before being.released back into the *** catch rates were hig.est during.initial fishing.events that followed stocking.9.2 fish/ang.er hr and 18.0 fish/ang.er hr)and substantially declined in subsequent events(≤3.4 fish/ang.er hr).Catches of the newly stocked fish and previously stocked fish contributed to the hig. catch following.the supplem.ntal ***(80%)of the fish were caug.t in the first 30 m.n of each event and 45%were caug.t during.the first 10 *** were able to catch 88%of the fish from.the first stocking.and 67%from.the second stocking.at least *** m.rtality occurred during.the study as all fish were recovered when the pond was *** results sug.est that hybrid sunfish will potentially provide hig. initial catch rates following.stocking.into com.unity ponds,but m.nag.rs should expect reduced catch rates following.initial fishing.even without h

关键词： Hybrid sunfish Ang.ing Com.unity fishing.ponds

The im.act of ESg.on financial perform.nce:a revisit with a reg.ession discontinuity approach

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碳中和(英文) 2022年第1期1卷 184-202页

作者： Ziwei Xu Wenxuan Hou brian g.m.m.in Rong.Ding edinburg. University Business School 29 Buccleuch PlaceEdinburgh EH89JSUK School of Finance Shanghai Lixin University of Accounting and FinanceShanghaiChina Neom. Business School Department of AccountingControl and Legal affairs1 Rue du Maréchal Juin76130 Mont‑Saint‑AignanFrance.

This study revisits the question of“whether firm. are doing.well by doing.g.od?”.We exam.ne shareholders-sponsored corporate socially responsible(CSR)proposals related to Environm.ntal,Social,and g.vernance(ESg.that are voted to pass or fail by a sm.ll *** adoption of those“close call”proposals is reg.rded as equivalent to a random.assig.m.nt of CSR policies and,therefore,provides a quasi-experim.ntal setting.to capture the causal influence of CSR on firm.*** apply the reg.ession discontinuity desig.(RDD)and find that CSR proposals’passag. leads to a sig.ificant positive abnorm.l return on the voting.*** results are robust with both param.tric and nonparam.tric approaches of RDD and different polynom.al ***,we fail to identify a sig.ificant chang. in financial perform.nce in the *** possible reason is that passing.a CSR proposal could be sym.olic,rather than substantial.

关键词： Corporate social responsibility Reg.ession discontinuity Financial perform.nce

Sedim.ntolog. and Chronolog. of Paleog.ne Coarse Clastic Rocks in East-Central Tibet and Their Relationship to Early Tectonic Uplift

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Acta g.olog.ca Sinica(Eng.ish edition) 2007年第3期81卷 398-408页

作者： ZHOU Jiang.u WANg.Jiang.ai K. H. brian A. YIN m. S. m.TTHEW Faculty of Earth and Resources China University of Geosciences Wuhan Hubei 430074 China g.ang.hou Institute of g.ochem.stry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou Guangdong 510640 China Food Eng.neering.Research Center of the m.nistry of education/State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol College of Life Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou Guangdong 510275 China Departm.nt of Earth and Space Sciences University of California Los Angeles CA 90095 USA

A system.tic sedim.ntolog.cal and chronolog.cal study of typical Paleog.ne basins in eastcentral Tibet sug.ests that the depositional characteristics of extensively developed hug.-bedded, purplish-red coarse clastic rocks form.d in a tectonic setting.of reg.onal thrusting.and strike-slipping.represent a typical dry and hot subaerial alluvial fan environm.nt form.d in a proxim.l and rapidaccum.lating.sedim.nt body in debris flows and a fan-surface braided river. Com.ining.results from.basin-fill sequences, sequences of coarse clastic rocks, fauna and sporo-pollen associations and therm.chronolog.cal data, it is conduded that the coarse clastic rocks form.d in the period of 54.2- 24.1 m., nearly coeval with the form.tion of Paleog.ne basins in the northern （Nang.en-Yushu thrust belt）, m.ddle （Batang.Lijiang.fault belt）, and disinteg.ation of larg. basins in the southern （Lanping.im.o fold belt） seg.ents of Tibet. The widespread m.ssive-bedded coarse clastic rocks, fold thrusting.and strike-slip, thrust shortening. and ig.eous activities in the Paleog.ne basins of eastcentral Tibet indicate that an early diachronous tectonic uplift m.g.t have occurred in the Tibetan Plateau from.m.ddle Eocene to Olig.cene, related to the initial stag. of collision of the Indian and Asian plates.

关键词： Paleog.ne clastic rocks tectonic uplift chronolog. east-central Tibet