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A novel near-infrared light responsive 4D printed nanoarchitecture with dynamically and remotely controllable transformation

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Nano Research 2019年第6期12卷 1381-1388页

作者： Haitao Cui Shida Miao timothy Esworthy Se-jun Lee Xuan Zhou Sung Yun Hann thomas J.Webster brent t.harris Lijie Grace Zhang Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering The George Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20052USA Department of Chemical Engineering Northeastern UniversityBostonMA 02115USA Department of Neurology and Pathology Georgetown UniversityWashingtonDC 20007USA Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering The George Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20052USA Department of Biomedical Engineering The George Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20052USA Department of Medicine The George Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20052USA

Four-dimensional (4D) printing is an emerging and highly innovative additive manufacturing process by which to fabricate pre-designed,self-assembly structures with the ability to transform over ***,one of the critical challenges of 4D printing is the lack of advanced 4D printing systems that not only meet all the essential requirements of shape change but also possess smart,dynamic capabilities to spatiotemporally and instantly control the shape-transformation ***,we present a facile 4D printing platform which incorporates nanomaterials into the conventional stimuli-responsive polymer,allowing the 4D printed object to achieve a dynamic and remote controlled,on-time and position shape transformation.A proof-of-concept 4D printed brain model was created using near-infrared light (NIR) responsive nanocomposite to evaluate the capacity for controllable 4D transformation,and the feasibility of photothermal stimulation for modulating neural stem cell *** novel 4D printing strategy can not only be used to create dynamic 3D patterned biological structures that can spatiotemporally control their shapes or behaviors of transformation under a human benign stimulus (NIR),but can also provide a potential method for building complex self-morphing objects for widespread applications.

关键词： near-infrared light responsive four-dimensional (4D) printing dynamically and remotely controllable graphene brain neural stem cell

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Vitamin A administration at birth promotes calf growth and intramuscular fat development in Angus beef cattle

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第4期9卷 991-999页

作者： Corrine L.harris Bo Wang Jeneane M.Deavila Jan R.Busboom Martin Maquivar Steven M.Parish brent McCann Mark L.Nelson Min Du Department of Animal Sciences Washington State University State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University College of Veterinary Medicine Washington State University

Background: Marbling, or intramuscular fat, is an important factor contributing to the palatability of beef. Vitamin A, through its active metabolite, retinoic acid, promotes the formation of new fat cells(adipogenesis). As intramuscular adipogenesis is active during the neonatal stage, we hypothesized that vitamin A administration during the neonatal stage would enhance intramuscular adipogenesis and ***: Angus steer calves(n = 30), in a completely randomized design, were randomly allotted to three treatment groups at birth, receiving 0, 150,000, or 300,000 IU of vitamin A at both birth and one month of age.A biopsy of the biceps femoris muscle was collected at two months of age. After weaning at 210 d of age, steers were fed a backgrounding diet in a feedlot until 308 d of age, when they were transitioned to a high concentrate finishing diet and implanted with trenbolone/estradiol/tylosin mixture. Steers were harvested at an average of 438 d of age. All diets were formulated to meet nutrient ***: Weaning weight and weight during the backgrounding phase were linearly increased(P tamin A level, though no difference in body weight was observed at harvest. Intramuscular fat of steers at 308 d of age, measured by ultrasound, quadratically increased(P th vitamin A level from 4.0±0.26 % to 4.9±0.26 %.Similarly, carcass marbling score in the ribeye quadratically increased(P tration of vitamin A at birth increased weaning weight and enhanced marbling fat ***, vitamin A administration provides a practical method for increasing marbling and early growth of beef cattle.

关键词： Beef Calf Cattle Marbling fat Quality Vitamin A

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Investigation of fundo-antral reflex in human beings

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第42期11卷 6676-6680页

作者： Satish SC Rao Anjana Kumar Brent.harris Bruce Brown Konrad S Schulze Department of Internal Medicine University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine Iowa City Iowa United States

AIM： to examine the sensory and motor response（s） of the stomach following fundic distention and to assess whether cholinergic mechanisms influence these responses. MEtHODS： Fundic tone, gastric sensory responses and antral motility were evaluated in eight healthy volunteers after a probe with two sensors was placed in the antrum and a highly compliant balloon in the fundus. Isobaric balloon distentions were performed with a barostat. Study was repeated in six volunteers after intravenous atropine was given. RESULtS： Fundic antral contractions curve was higher First sensation distention induced large amplitude in all subjects. the area under the （P〈0.05） during fundic distention. was reported at 12±4 mmHg, moderate sensation at 18±4 mmHg and discomfort at 21±4 mmHg. Discomfort was associated with a decrease in antral motility. After atropine was given, the area under the curve of pressure waves and fundic tone decreased （P〈0.05）. Sensory thresholds were not affected. CONCLUSIONS： Fundic balloon distention induces an antral motor response, the fundo-antral reflex, which in part may be mediated by cholinergic mechanisms.

关键词： Gastric motility Reflex Fundo-antral reflex Sensation

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ten questions concerning future buildings beyond zero energy and carbon neutrality

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建筑节能 2017年第7期45卷 27-27页

作者： Na Wang Patrick E. Phelan Jorge G onzalez Chioke harris G regor P. Henze Robert Hutchinson Jared Langevin Mary Ann Lazarus brent Nelson Chris Pyke Kurt Roth David Rouse Karma Sawyer Stephen Selkowitz 侯恩哲 <建筑节能>杂志社

Architects and planners have been at the forefront of envisioning a future built environment for millennia. How ever,fragmental view s that emphasize one facet of the built environment,such as energy,environment,or groundbreaking technologies,often do not achieve expected outcomes. Buildings are responsible for approximately one-third of w orldw ide carbon emissions and account for about 40% of primary energy consumption in the U. S. In addition to achieving the very ambitious goal of reducing building-associated greenhouse gas emissions by75% by 2050,buildings must improve their functionality and performance to meet current and future human,societal,and environmental needs in a changing w orld. In this article,w e introduce a new framew ork to guide potential evolution of the building stock in the next century,based on greenhouse gas emissions as the common thread to investigate the potential implications of new design paradigms,innovative operational strategies,and disruptive technologies. this framew ork emphasizes integration of multidisciplinary know ledge,scalability for mainstream buildings,and proactive approaches considering constraints and unknow *** framew ork integrates the interrelated aspects of the built environment through a series of quantitative metrics that aim to improve environmental outcomes w hile optimizing building performance to achieve healthy,adaptive,and productive buildings.

关键词：建筑节能建筑设计建筑风格建筑材料

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