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Vitamin D_(3)for reducing mortality from cancer and other outcomes before,during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic:A plea for harvesting low-hanging fruit

2004年

作者： editor Barry M. brenner.

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Cancer Communications 2022年第8期42卷 679-682页

作者： Hermann brenner Ben Schöttker1 Tobias Niedermaier1 31 Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging ResearchGerman Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)HeidelbergBaden-Württemberg 69120Germany Division of Preventive Oncology German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)and National Center for Tumor Diseases(NCT)HeidelbergBaden-Württemberg 69120Germany German Cancer Consortium(DKTK) German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)HeidelbergBaden-Württemberg 69120Germany

INTRODUCTION Vitamin D3,also known as cholecalciferol,is a fat-soluble secosteroid whose key role in calcium and phosphate homeostasis and bone health has been recognized for *** recent years,evidence has accumulated on multiple other biological effects,such as immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory *** main source of vitamin D for humans is its production in the skin under sunlight exposure,which is often insufficient to ensure adequate vitamin D supply,particularly at high latitudes during fall,winter and *** editorial aims to draw attention to the underused potential of enhancing vitamin D3 supply for reducing cancer mortality and other adverse health outcomes,which might be a most valuable low-hanging fruit before,during and after the Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic.

关键词： vitamin harvesting beyond

Sirtuins are not conserved longevity genes

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Life Metabolism 2022年第2期1卷 122-133页

作者： Charles brenner Department of Diabetes&Cancer Metabolism Beckman Research Institute of City of HopeDuarteCA 91010 USA

It is central to biology that sequence conservation suggests functional *** longevity is an emergent property of selected traits that integrates capacities to perform physical and mental functions after reproductive *** the yeast SIR2 gene was nominated as a longevity gene based on extended replicative longevity of old mother cells,this is not a selected trait:SIR2 is selected against in chronological aging and the direct targets of SIR2 in replicative lifespan are not *** it would be difficult to imagine how a gene that advantages 1 in 5 million yeast cells could have anticipated causes of aging in animals,overexpression of SIR2 homologs was tested in invertebrates for *** artifactual positive results were reported years before they were sorted out and because it was not known that SIR2 functions as a pro-aging gene in yeast chronological aging and in flies subject to amino acid deprivation,a global pursuit of longevity phenotypes was driven by a mixture of framing bias,confirmation bias,and *** articles that propagate these biases are so rampant that few investigators have considered how weak the case ever was for sirtuins as longevity *** that a few positive associations between sirtuins and longevity have been identified after thousands of person-years and billions of dollars of effort,we review the data and suggest rejection of the notions that sirtuins(i)have any specific connection to lifespan in animals and(ii)are primary mediators of the beneficial effects of NAD repletion.

关键词： sirtuins longevity model organism publication bias resveratrol nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

Biosorption potential of cerium ions using Spirulina biomass

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Journal of Rare Earths 2016年第6期34卷 644-652页

作者： David Sadovsky Asher brenner Boaz Astrachan Boaz Asaf Raphael Gonen Unit of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering SciencesBen-Gurion University of the NegevP.O.B 653Beer-Sheva8410501Israel Nu-clear Research Center Negev P.O.B 9001Beer-Sheva84190Israel

Two types of cyanobacteria of the genus Arthrospira（commonly known as Spirulina） were tested for biosorption of cerium（III） ions from aqueous solutions. An endemic type（ES） found in the northern Negev desert, Israel, and a commercial powder（CS） were used in this study. Biosorption was evaluated as a function of p H, contact time, initial metal concentration, number of sorption-desorption cycles, and salt concentration. The optimum p H range for biosorption was found to be 5.0–5.5. The kinetic characteristics of both Spirulina types were found to be highly compatible with a pseudo-second order kinetic model. The adsorption isotherms of both types were found to be well-suited to Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms. Maximum biosorption uptakes, according to the Langmuir model, were 18.1 and 38.2 mg/g, for ES and CS, respectively. Sodium chloride concentrations of up to 5 g/L had a minor effect on cerium biosorption. Desorption efficiency was found to be greater than 97% with 0.1 mol/L HNO_3 after three sorption-desorption cycles, without significant loss in the biosorption capacity. The results indicated the feasibility of cerium recovery from industrial wastes using Spirulina biomass.

关键词： biosorption cerium Arthrospira Spirulina kinetics isotherms rare earths

Boosting T cell immunity against cytomegalovirus:a potential strategy combating human aging and age-related diseases

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第10期8卷 4417-4418页

作者： Matthias Wirth Walburgis brenner Oliver H.Kramer Department of Hematology Oncology and Cancer ImmunologyCampus Benjamin FranklinCharite-Universitatsmedizin Berlincorporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt-Universitat zu BerlinBerlinGermany University Medical Center Gottingen Department of GeneralVisceral and Pediatric SurgeryGottingenGermany German Cancer Consortium(DKTK) German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany Clinic for Obstetrics and Women's Health University Medical CenterJohannes Gutenberg University MainzLangenbeckstr.155131 MainzGermany Department of Toxicology University Medical CenterMainzGermany

In a recent publication in Cell,Hasegawa and colleagues reveal that cytotoxic CD4-positive cytotoxic T lymphocytes(CD4+CTLs)eliminate senescent fibroblasts with a surface expression of the immunologically important human leukocyte antigen class Il(HLA-)and the human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein B(HCMV-gB).1 This implies that a virome-immune cell interaction controls the fate of human skin cells that are linked to the aging process and associated diseases.

关键词： immunity cytomegalovirus cytotoxic

Symmetrically dispersed spectroscopic singlemolecule localization microscopy

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 1154-1163页

作者： Ki-Hee Song Yang Zhang Benjamin brenner Cheng Sun Hao F.Zhang Department of Biomedical Engineering Northwestern University2145 Sheridan Rd.EvanstonIL 60208USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Northwestern University2145

Spectroscopic single-molecule localization microscopy(sSMLM)was used to achieve simultaneous imaging and spectral analysis of single molecules for the first *** sSMLM fundamentally suffers from a reduced photon budget because the photons from individual stochastic emissions are divided into spatial and spectral ***,both spatial localization and spectral analysis only use a portion of the total photons,leading to reduced precisions in both *** improve the spatial and spectral precisions,we present symmetrically dispersed sSMLM,or SDsSMLM,to fully utilize all photons from individual stochastic emissions in both spatial and spectral *** achieved 10-nm spatial and 0.8-nm spectral precisions at a total photon budget of *** with the existing sSMLM using a 1:3 splitting ratio between spatial and spectral channels,SDsSMLM improved the spatial and spectral precisions by 42% and 10%,respectively,under the same photon *** also demonstrated multicolour imaging of fixed cells and three-dimensional single-particle tracking using *** enables more precise spectroscopic single-molecule analysis in broader cell biology and material science applications.

关键词： dispersed spectroscopic stochastic

Relationship Between Degree of Starch Gelatinization and Quality Attributes of Parboiled Rice During Steaming

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Rice science 2016年第6期23卷 339-344页

作者： Ebrahim TAGHINEZHAD Mohammad Hadi KHOSHTAGHAZA Saeid MINAEI Toru SUZUKI Tom brenner Moghan College of Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Mohaghegh Ardabili Biosystems Engineering Department Tarbiat Modares University Food Science and Technology Department Tokyo University of Marine Science & Technology Materials & Life Sciences Department Sophia University

Paddy rice samples were parboiled by soaking at 65℃ for 180 min and steaming at 96℃ for 2–10 min,and then dried to achieve the final moisture content of 11% ± 1%. The degree of starch gelatinization （DSG） andseveral quality attributes （head rice yield （HRY）, color value and hardness） of parboiled rice were *** showed that DSG （46.8%–77.9%）, color value （18.08–19.04） and hardness （118.6–219.2 N） allincreased following steaming. In contrast, the HRY increased （64.8%–67.1%） for steaming times between 2–4min but decreased （67.1%–65.0%） for steaming times between 4–10 min. Linear relations between DSG andcolor value （R2 = 0.87）, and DSG and hardness （R2 = 0.88） were observed. The suitable DSG of parboiled riceleading to the highest HRY was found to be 62.5%, obtained following 4 min of steaming.

关键词： parboiling process rice head rice yield color value hardness degree of starch gelatinization

Mitomycin C and capecitabine: An additional option as an advanced line therapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2023年第11期15卷 1913-1924页

作者： Gil Mullin Michal Sternschuss Yosef Landman Aaron Sulkes Baruch brenner Faculty of Medicine Tel-Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 6997801Israel Institute of Oncology Davidoff Cancer CenterBeilinson CampusPetah-Tikva 4941492Israel

BACKGROUND In recent years survival of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer(mCRC),though still limited,has improved significantly;clearly,when the disease becomes refractory to standard regimens,additional treatment options are *** have shown that mitomycin C(MMC),an antitumor antibiotic,and capecitabine,a precursor of 5-fluorouracil,may act synergistically in *** efficacy of MMC/capecitabine has been demonstrated in the first-line setting,but only a few small studies have tested it in the advanced-line setting,with contradictory *** a median of 2 MMC/capecitabine cycles(range 0.5-9.0).Thirty-four patients(28.6%)experienced grade≥3 toxicity,including 2(1.7%)with grade 4;there was no drug-related *** objective response rate was 0.8%,and the disease control rate,24.4%.Median progression-free survival(PFS)was 2.1 mo(range 0.2-20.3),and median overall survival,4.8 mo(range 0.2-27.5).The 6-month overall survival rate was 44%;8.7%of patients remained *** associated with longer PFS were lower gamma-glutamyl transferase level(P=0.030)and primary tumor location in the left colon(P=0.017).Factors associated with longer overall survival were lower gamma-glutamyl transferase level(P=0.022),left-colon tumor location(P=0.044),low-to-moderate histological grade(P=0.012),Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0-1(P=0.036),and normal bilirubin level(P=0.047).CONCLUSION MMC/capecitabine is an active,available,and relatively safe regimen for use beyond standard lines of therapy in *** clinical and laboratory parameters can identify patients more likely to benefit.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Metastatic cancer Chemotherapy Mitomycin C/Capecitabine Advanced line treatment

Enhanced selection of people for lung cancer screening using AHRR(cg05575921)or F2RL3(cg03636183)methylation as biological markers of smoking exposure

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Cancer Communications 2023年第8期43卷 956-959页

作者： Megha Bhardwaj Ben Schotker Bernd Holleczek Hermann brenner Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany Division of Preventive Oncology German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)and National Center for Tumor Diseases(NCT)HeidelbergGermany German Cancer Consortium(DKTK) German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany Network Aging Research University of HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany Saarland Cancer Registry SaarbrückenGermany

Dear Editor,Lung cancer(LC)is the leading cause of cancer mortality globally,accounting for more than 1.7 million deaths per year[1].There is consensus that LC screening needs to target those at high risk who are most likely to benefit from screening in order to maximize benefits and minimize potential *** the key role of smoking in determining LC risk[2],most of the low-dose computed tomography(LDCT)screening trials have defined heavy smoking as an eligibility criterion for LC screening[3].Although LDCT screening has been effective in reducing LC mortality[4,5].

关键词： mortality likely globally

The power of a healthy lifestyle for cancer prevention:the example of colorectal cancer

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2022年第11期19卷 1586-1597页

作者： Xuechen Chen Jie Ding Hengjing Li Prudence R.Carr Michael Hoffmeister Hermann brenner Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)Heidelberg 69120Germany Medical Faculty Heidelberg Heidelberg UniversityHeidelberg 69120Germany School of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourneVIC 3004Australia German Cancer Consortium(DKTK) German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)Heidelberg 69120Germany Division of Preventive Oncology German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)and National Center forTumorDiseases(NCT)Heidelberg 69120Germany

Objective:We aimed to directly compare the estimated effects of adherence to a healthy lifestyle with those of risk predisposition according to known genetic variants affecting colorectal cancer(CRC)risk,to support effective risk communication for cancer ***:A healthy lifestyle score(HLS)was derived from 5 lifestyle factors:smoking,alcohol consumption,diet,physical activity,and body *** association of lifestyle and polygenic risk score(PRS)(based on 140 CRC-associated risk loci)with CRC risk was assessed with multiple logistic regression and compared through the genetic risk equivalent(GRE),a novel approach providing an estimate of the effects of adherence to a healthy lifestyle in terms of percentile differences in ***:A higher HLS was associated with lower CRC risk(4,844 cases,3,964 controls).Those adhering to all 5 healthy lifestyle factors had a 62%(95%CI 54%-68%)lower CRC risk than those adhering to≤2 healthy lifestyle *** estimated effect of adherence to all 5 compared with≤2 healthy lifestyle factors was as strong as the effect of having a 79 percentile(GRE 79,95%CI 61-97)lower *** association between a healthy lifestyle and CRC risk was independent of PRS level but was particularly pronounced among those with a family history of CRC in≥1 first-degree relative(P-interaction=0.0013).Conclusions:A healthy lifestyle was strongly inversely associated with CRC *** large GRE indicated that CRC risk determined by polygenic risk may be offset to a substantial extent by adherence to a healthy lifestyle.

关键词： Colorectal cancer healthy lifestyle score polygenic risk score family history genetic risk equivalent