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Lymphoproliferative disorders in inflammatory bowel disease patients on immunosuppression: Lessons from other inflammatory disorders

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal pathophysiology 2015年第4期6卷 181-192页

作者： Grace Y Lam brendan p halloran Anthea C peters Richard N Fedorak Department of Medicine Division of Internal Medicine University of Alberta Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology University of Alberta Department of Medicine Division of HematologyUniversity of Alberta

Immunosuppressive agents, such as thiopurines, methotrexate, and biologics, have revolutionized the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD). However, a number of case reports, case control studies and retrospective studies over the last decade have identified a concerning link between immunosuppression and lymphoproliferative disorders(LpDs), the oncological phenomenon whereby lymphocytes divide uncontrollably. These LpDs have been associated with Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) infection in which the virus provides the impetus for malignant transformation while immunosuppression hampers the immune system's ability to detect and clear these malignant cells. As such, the use of immunosuppressive agents may come at the cost of increased risk of developing LpD. While little is known about the LpD risk in IBD, more is known about immunosuppression in the post-transplantation setting and the development of EBV associated posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorders(pTLD). In review of the pTLD literature, evidence is available to demonstrate that certain immune suppressants such as cyclosporine and T-lymphocyte modulators in particular are associated with an increased risk of pTLD development. As well, high doses of immunosuppressive agents and multiple immunosuppressive agent use are also linked to increased pTLD development. Here,we discuss these findings in context of IBD and what future studies can be taken to understand and reduce the risk of EBV-associated LpD development from immunosuppression use in IBD.

关键词： Epstein-Barr virus Immunosuppression post-transpla

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Evaluation of the Quick Wee method of inducing faster clean catch urine collection in pre‑continent infants: a randomized controlled trial

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World Journal of pediatrics 2022年第1期18卷 43-49页

作者： Aoife Branagan Niofa Canty Evanne O’halloran Marian Madden Michael brendan O’Neill Department of paediatrics Mayo University HospitalCastlebarCo.MayoIreland

Introduction The acquisition of non-contaminated urine samples in pre-continent infants remains a *** Quick Wee method uses bladder stimulation to induce voiding.A previous randomized trial showed a higher rate of voiding within 5 minutes using this *** evaluated this method in an Irish hospital providing secondary *** A non-blinded,randomized,controlled trial was carried *** infants were between 1 and 12 months of age,who required urine sampling as part of clinical *** were randomly allocated to receive the intervention(Quick Wee Method—supra-pubic stimulation with cold saline)or the control(usual care—clean catch with no bladder stimulation)for 5 *** outcome was voiding of urine within 5 *** A total of 140 infants were included in this study(73 in intervention group;67 in control group).Baseline characteristics were similar.25%in the intervention group passed urine in the 5-min trial period compared with 18%in the control group[p=0.4,absolute diference 7%(95%confdence interval:−7%to+20%)].Conclusion The Quick Wee method is a simple and inexpensive intervention that did not show a statistically signifcant increase in urine samples obtained in pre-continent infants.

关键词： Infant Urinalysis Urinary tract infection Urine specimen collection

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Systematic review of nutrition screening and assessment in inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第28期25卷 3823-3837页

作者： Suqing Li Michael Ney Tannaz Eslamparast Ben Vandermeer Kathleen p Ismond Karen Kroeker brendan halloran Maitreyi Raman puneeta Tandon Division of Internal Medicine Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G3 Canada Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Alberta T2N 2T9 Canada Cirrhosis Care Clinic Division of Gastroenterology Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2X8 Canada Alberta Research Centre for Health Evidence Biostatistician Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 1C9 Canada

BACKGROUND Malnutrition is prevalent in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Multiple nutrition screening (NST) and assessment tools (NAT) have been developed for general populations, but the evidence in patients with IBD remains unclear. AIM To systematically review the prevalence of abnormalities on NSTs and NATs, whether NSTs are associated with NATs, and whether they predict clinical outcomes in patients with IBD. METHODS Comprehensive searches performed in Medline, CINAHL plus and pubMed. Included: English language studies correlating NSTs with NATs or NSTs/NATs with clinical outcomes in IBD. Excluded: Review articles/case studies;use of body mass index/laboratory values as sole NST/NAT;agepatients were included, 72% Crohn’s disease and 28% ulcerative colitis. Four NSTs (the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool, Malnutrition Inflammation Risk Tool (MIRT), Saskatchewan Inflammatory Bowel Disease Nutrition Risk Tool (SaskIBD-NRT) and Nutrition Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002) were significantly associated with nutritional assessment measures of sarcopenia and the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA). Three NSTs (MIRT, NRS-2002 and Nutritional Risk Index) were associated with clinical outcomes including hospitalizations, need for surgery, disease flares, and length of stay (LOS). Sarcopenia was the most commonly evaluated NAT associated with outcomes including the need for surgery and post-operative complications. The SGA was not associated with clinical outcomes aside from LOS. CONCLUSION There is limited evidence correlating NSTs, NATs and clinical outcomes in IBD. Although studies support the association of NSTs/NATs with relevant outcomes, the heterogeneity calls for further studies before an optimal tool can be recommended. The NRS-2002, measures of sarcopenia and developments of novel NSTs/NATs, such as the MIRT, represent key, clinically-relevant areas for future exploration.

关键词： Nutrition Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis Crohn’s disease Screening Outcomes research

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Lepidostromatales, a new order of lichenized fungi (Basidiomycota , Agaricomycetes), with two new genera, Ertzia and Sulzbacheromyces, and one new species, Lepidostroma winklerianum

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Fungal Diversity 2014年第1期64卷 165-179页

作者： brendan p.Hodkinson Bibiana Moncada Robert Lücking perelman School of Medicine University of PennsylvaniaBRB 1046A421 Curie BlvdPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Licenciatura en Biología Universidad Distrital Francisco Joséde CaldasCra.4 No.26B-54Torre de LaboratoriosHerbarioBogotáColombia Science&Education Integrative Research Center&Collections CenterThe Field Museum1400 South Lake Shore DriveChicagoIL 60605USA

We present a revised molecular phylogeny of higher Basidiomycota focusing on Lepidostromataceae based on the large subunit(28S)of the nuclear ribosomal rDNA(nuLSU),with additionl data from the translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1(TEF1)and the RNA polymerase II second largest subunit(RpB2)*** results suggest that Lepidostromataceae is best recognized in a separate order,Lepidostromatales ordo novum,within subclass ***,the internal topology of Lepidostromataceae,correlating with thallus features,indicates that three genera,instead of a single genus,should be *** therefore introduce the genera Ertzia genus novum and Sulzbacheromyces genus novum for Lepidostroma akagerae and ***,*** addition,the new species *** *** is described for Mexican material previously identified as *** photobionts of Sulzbacheromyces and Lepidostroma were identified using molecular data of the large subunit of the ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase(rbcL)gene,revealing a possibly undescribed genus in Trebouxiophyceae and the first report of lichenization for the genus Bracteacoccus in Chlorophyceae.

关键词： Agaricales Amylocorticiales Atheliales Auriculariales BLAST Boletales Dictyonema Diplosphaera Gloeophyllales Lichenomphalia Marchandiomphalina Multiclavula

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Investigating low dispersion isotope dissolution Lu-Hf garnet dates via in situ Lu-Hf geochronology,Kanchenjunga Himal

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第3期15卷 137-145页

作者： Kyle p.Larson John M.Cottle Mark Button brendan Dyck Iva Lihter Sudip Shrestha Department of Earth Environmental and Geographic SciencesUniversity of British ColumbiaOkanaganKelownaCanada Department of Earth Science University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraUSA Fipke Laboratory for Trace Element Research University of British ColumbiaOkanaganKelownaCanada

Re-examination of three specimens from the Kanchenjunga Himal of Nepal via in situ Lu-Hf garnet geochronology yields evidence of multiple garnet growth *** analyses from grain cores in two specimens define paleozoic regressions whereas analyses from grain rims in the same specimens define low-precision regressions consistent with the timing of Himalayan *** dates contrast with previously published low dispersion,ca.290 Ma isotope dissolution(ID)Lu-Hf garnet dates for the same *** of Lu and spot age distribution in representative grains from the specimens examined yields calculated dates that approximate the permian-age regressions through the original ID *** findings demonstrate that it is possible to generate low dispersion ID Lu-Hf data from multigenerational garnet with significantly different-age growth events when approximately equal proportions of the different age reservoirs are included in multi-component aliquots.

关键词： Lu-Hf geochronology In situ Lu-Hf geochronology Kanchenjunga Himal

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Mafic Archean continental crust prohibited exhumation of orogenic UHp eclogite

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第5期12卷 411-420页

作者： Richard M.palin James D.p.Moore Zeming Zhang Guangyu Huang Jon Wade brendan Dyck Department of Earth Sciences University of OxfordOxford OX13ANUnited Kingdom Earth Observatory of Singapore Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore Institute of Geophysics SGEESVictoria University of WellingtonWellingtonNew Zealand Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Department of Earth Environmental and Geographical SciencesUniversity of British ColumbiaKelowna V1V 1V7Canada

The absence of ultrahigh pressure(UHp)orogenic eclogite in the geological record older than c.0.6 Ga is problematic for evidence of subduction having begun on Earth during the Archean(4.0-2.5 Ga).Many eclogites in phanerozoic and proterozoic terranes occur as mafic boudins encased within low-density felsic crust,which provides positive buoyancy during subduction;however,recent geochemical proxy analysis shows that Archean continental crust was more mafic than previously thought,having greater proportions of basalt and komatiite than modern-day ***,we show via petrological modelling that secular change in the petrology and bulk composition of upper continental crust would make Archean continental terranes negatively buoyant in the mantle before reaching UHp *** or delaminated Archean continental crust passes a point of no return during metamorphism in the mantle prior to the stabilization of coesite,while proterozoic and phanerozoic terranes remain positively buoyant at these *** orogenic eclogite may thus readily have formed on the Archean Earth,but could not have been exhumed,weakening arguments for a Neoproterozoic onset of subduction and plate ***,isostatic balance calculations for more mafic Archean continents indicate that the early Earth was covered by a global ocean over 1 km deep,corroborating independent isotopic evidence for large-scale emergence of the continents no earlier than c.3 *** findings thus weaken arguments that early life on Earth likely emerged in shallow subaerial ponds,and instead support hypotheses involving development at hydrothermal vents in the deep ocean.

关键词： Archean Eclogite Exhumation Secular change Geodynamics Density

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The influence of chemical composition on models of Type Ia supernovae

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Frontiers of physics 2013年第2期8卷 168-188页

作者： Alan C. Calder brendan K. Krueger Aaron p. Jackson Dean M. Townsley Department of physics Astronomy The State University of New York - Stony Brook Stony BrookUSA NY 11794 New York Center for Computational Sciences The State University of New York - Stony Brook Stony BrookUSA NY 11794 National Research Council Research Associateship program and Laboratories for Computational physics and Fluid Dynamics Naval Research Laboratory WashingtonUSA DC 20375 Department of physics and Astronomy The University of Alabama TuscaloosaUSA AL 35487

Type Ia supernovae are bright stellar explosions distinguished by standardizable light curves that allow for their use as distance indicators for cosmological studies. Despite the highly successful use of these events in this capacity, many fundamental questions remain. Contemporary research inves- tigates how properties of the progenitor system that follow from the host galaxy such as composition and age influence the brightness of an event with the goal of better understanding and assessing the intrinsic scatter in the brightness. We provide an overview of these supernovae and proposed progenitor systems, all of which involve one or more compact stars known as white dwarfs. We describe contemporary research investigating how the composition and structure of the progenitor white dwarf systematically influences the explosion outcome assuming the progenitor is a single white dwarf that has gained mass from a companion. We present results illustrating some of these systematic effects from our research.

关键词： hydrodynamics nuclear reactions nucleosynthesis abundances stars: supernovae:general stars: white dwarfs

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Atraumatic groin pain secondary to an aneurysmal bone cyst:A case report and literature review

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2020年第3期11卷 197-205页

作者： Colum Downey Aisling Daly Alan p Molloy brendan J O’Daly Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics Tallaght University HospitalDublin 9Ireland Department of Medicine Trinity College DublinDublin 2Ireland Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics St.Vincent’s University HospitalDublin 4Ireland

BACKGROUND Bone lesions can present the multi-displinary team with a challenge by way of diagnosis as some lesions share many radiological and histological *** cell tumours of the bone(GCTB)are relatively common,benign bone *** bone cysts(ABC)are less common benign osteolytic lesions that are histologically similar to GCTBs but produce blood filled *** GCTBs and ABCs are locally aggressive and are typically found on meta-epiphyseal regions of long bones with pelvic tumours being less *** SUMMARY A 17-year old female presented with atraumatic right groin pain and was initially diagnosed with a GCTB on the right superior pubic ramus of the *** patient was treated successfully with a wide excision,curettage and bone graft and underwent open reduction and internal fixation of the right *** further intra-operative histological investigations,the lesion was diagnosed as an *** This patient has had an uncomplicated post-operative course,has returned to comfortable weight bearing and will be reviewed for minimum 5 yr in the outpatient setting to monitor for reoccurrence.

关键词： pelvic Tumour Aneurysmal bone cyst Giant cell tumour Open reduction internal fixation of pelvis Case report

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polymer graph neural networks for multitask property learning

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1420-1429页

作者： Owen Queen Gavin A.McCarver Saitheeraj Thatigotla brendan p.Abolins Cameron L.Brown Vasileios Maroulas Konstantinos D.Vogiatzis Department of Mathematics University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996-1320USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996-2250USA Department of Chemistry University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996-1600USA Eastman Chemical Company KingsportTN 37660USA

The prediction of a variety of polymer properties from their monomer composition has been a challenge for material informatics,and their development can lead to a more effective exploration of the material *** this work,pOLYMERGNN,a multitask machine learning architecture that relies on polymeric features and graph neural networks has been developed towards this *** provides accurate estimates for polymer properties based on a database of complex and heterogeneous polyesters(linear/branched,homopolymers/copolymers)with experimentally refined *** pOLYMERGNN,each polyester is represented as a set of monomer units,which are introduced as molecular graphs.A virtual screening of a large,computationally generated database with materials of variable composition was performed,a task that demonstrates the applicability of the pOLYMERGNN on future studies that target the exploration of the polymer ***,a discussion on the explainability of the models is provided.

关键词： properties space polyester

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Intermittent swelling and shrinkage of a highly expansive soil treated with polyacrylamide

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2022年第1期14卷 252-261页

作者： Amin Soltani An Deng Abbas Taheri brendan C.O’Kelly School of Engineering Information Technology and Physical SciencesFederation UniversityChurchillVIC3842Australia School of Civil Environmental and Mining EngineeringThe University of AdelaideAdelaideSA5005Australia Department of Civil Structural and Environmental EngineeringTrinity College DublinDublinD02 PN40Ireland

This laboratory study examines the potential use of an anionic polyacrylamide(pAM)-based material as an environmentally sustainable additive for the stabilization of an expansive soil from South *** experimental program consisted of consistency limits,sediment volume,compaction and oedometer cyclic swell-shrink tests,performed using distilled water and four different pAM-to-water solutions of p_(D)=0.1 g/L,0.2 g/L,0.4 g/L and 0.6 g/L as the mixing ***,the relative swelling and shrinkage strains were found to decrease with increasing number of applied swell-shrink cycles,with an‘elastic equilibrium’condition achieved on the conclusion of four *** propensity for swelling/shrinkage potential reduction(for any given cycle)was found to be in favor of increasing the pAM dosage up to p_(D)=0.2 g/L,beyond which the excess pAM molecules self-associate as aggregates,thereby functioning as a lubricant instead of a flocculant;this critical dosage was termed‘maximum flocculation dosage’(MFD).The MFD assertion was discussed and validated using the consistency limits and sediment volume properties,both exhibiting only marginal variations beyond the identified MFD of p_(D)=0.2 g/*** accumulated axial strain progressively transitioned from‘expansive’for the unamended soil to an ideal‘neutral’state at the MFD,while higher dosages demonstrated undesirable‘contractive’states.

关键词： Expansive soil polyacrylamide(pAM) Consistency limits Sediment volume Swell-shrink cycles Swelling and shrinkage strains Accumulated axial strain

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