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Stem Cell Regulation by Arabidopsis WOX Genes

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Molecular Plant 2016年第7期9卷 1028-1039页

作者： Alicja Dolzblasz Judith Nardmann Elena Clerici Barry Causier Eric van der Graaff Jinhui Chen brendan davies Wolfgang Werr Thomas Laux BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies Faculty of Biology Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg 79104 Freiburg Germany Institute of Developmental Biology Biocenter Cologne University zu KoIn Zulpicher Street 47b 50674 K61n Germany Centre for Plant Sciences University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT UK present address: Department of Plant Developmental Biology Institute of Experimental Biology Faculty of Biological Sciences University of Wroclaw50-328 Wroclaw Poland present address: Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Copenhagen Plant Science Center University of Copenhagen 1871 Taastrup Denmark Present address: Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics & Biotechnology Ministry of Education Nanjing Forestry University 210037 Nanjing China

Gene amplification followed by functional diversification is a major force in evolution. A typical example of this is seen in the WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX （WOX） gene family, named after the Arabidopsis stem cell regulator WUSCHEL. Here we analyze functional divergence in the WOX gene family. Members of the WUS clade, except the cambium stem cell regulator WOX4, can substitute for WUS function in shoot and floral stem cell maintenance to different degrees. Stem cell function of WUS requires a canonical WUS-box, essential for interaction with TPL/TPR co-repressors, whereas the repressive EAR domain is dispensable and the acidic domain seems only to be required for female fertility. In contrast to the WUS clade, members of the ancient WOX13 and the WOX9 clades cannot support stem cell maintenance. Although the homeodomains are interchangeable between WUS and WOX9 clade members, a WUS- compatible homeodomain together with canonical WUS-box is not sufficient for stem cell maintenance. Our results suggest that WOX function in shoot and floral meristems of Arabidopsis is restricted to the modern WUS clade, suggesting that stem cell control is a derived function. Yet undiscovered functional domains in addition to the homeodomain and the WUS-box are necessary for this function.

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana shoot meristem stem cells WOX genes WUSCHEL

Sticking together:Mechanisms of quartz synneusis in high-silica magma

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第2期14卷 40-46页

作者： brendan Dyck Department of Earth Environmental and Geographic SciencesThe University of British Columbia4237 University WayKelownaBC V1V 1V7Canada

The formation of crystal clusters by synneusis(magmatic sintering)affects a wide range of magmatic systems from olivine clusters in komatiite to quartz clusters in high-silica granite.A common feature of synneusis in any mineral phase is the alignment of neighbouring crystals in certain lower-energy orientation ***,the underlying mechanisms involved with both the alignment of crystals in lower-energy orientations and the binding of crystal clusters are not well *** the absence of mechanisms that bind crystals together upon contact,the same hydrodynamic forces that may bring crystals together can in theory also serve to disaggregate *** I use cathodoluminescence imaging and crystal orientation data from quartz clusters in high-silica granite to show that i)rapid crystalline neck growth along attachment surfaces and ii)grain rotation are two mechanisms that reduce the grain boundary energy of crystal clusters while increasing clusters’shear *** continued crystallization of sintered phases as the magmatic body cools further cements crystal pairs and resists cluster *** these mechanisms underpin both the formation and preservation of large crystal clusters in dynamic magmatic environments.

关键词： Synneusis Granite Magmatic behaviour EBSD Cathodoluminescence Quartz

Incidence Category of the Young Lattice,Injections Between Finite Sets,and Koszulity

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Algebra Colloquium 2021年第2期28卷 195-212页

作者： brendan Dubsky Jie Xiao Department of Mathematics Uppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden 不详

We study the quadratic quotients of the incidence category of the Young lattice defined by the zero relations corresponding to adding two boxes to the same row,or to the same column,or *** show that the last quotient corresponds to the Koszul dual of the original incidence category,while the first two quotients axe,in a natural way,Koszul duals of each other and hence they axe in particular Koszul *** of these two quotients are known to be basic representatives in the Morita equivalence class of the category of injections between finite *** also present a new,rather direct,argument establishing this Morita equivalence.

关键词： Young lattice Koszulity category of injections Koszul duality

Exploring the metamorphic consequences of secular change in the siliciclastic compositions of continental margins

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第4期9卷 967-975页

作者： Gautier Nicoli brendan Dyck Department of Earth Sciences University of Cambridge Department of Earth Sciences Simon Fraser University

Shale and greywacke compositions from the Archean to Phanerozoic record a secular change in the siliciclastic material that comprises much of Earth＇s continental margins, past and present. This study explores the metamorphic consequence of these compositional changes, by comparing phase equilibrium models constructed for average Archean, Proterozoic, and Phanerozoic shale and greywacke compositions equilibrated along two Barrovian-type geotherms： 1330℃/GPa（A） and 800 ℃/GPa（B）. Our models show that Archean siliciclastic rocks can retain up to 4 vol.% water at middle to lower crustal conditions, nearly twice that of Proterozoic and Phanerozoic compositions. The increased ferromagnesium content of Archean siliciclastic rocks stabilizes chlorite to higher temperatures and results in a biotite-rich assemblage at solidus temperatures. Accordingly, water-absent biotite dehydration melting is predicted to play a greater role in the generation of melt in the metamorphism of Archean aged units,and water-absent muscovite dehydration melting is of increasing importance through the Proterozoic and Phanerozoic. This secular variation in predicted mineral assemblages demonstrates the care with which metamorphic facies diagrams should be applied to Archean compositions. Moreover, secular changes in the composition of shale and greywacke is reflected in the evolution of anatectic melt towards an increasingly less viscous, Ca-rich, and Mg-poor monzogranite.

关键词： Secular change Shale Greywacke Dehydration melting Thermodynamic modelling Perple_X

Testosterone treatment in older men： glass half empty or half full？

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2017年第5期19卷 512-514页

作者： brendan J Nolan Mathis Grossmann Department of Endocrinology Austin HealthHeidelberg Victoria 3084 Australia Department of Medicine University of Melbourne Austin HealthHeidelberg Victoria 3084 Australia

In a series of randomized controlled trials published in JAMA and JAMA Intern Med,US researchers have examined the effect of testosterone treatment in older men with testosterone levels 〈275 ng dl^-1 on coronary arte... 详细信息

关键词： randomized controlled trials bone density cognitive function coronary artery

Metamorphic consequences of secular changes in oceanic crust composition and implications for uniformitarianism in the geological record

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第4期9卷 1009-1019页

作者： Richard M.Palin brendan Dyck Department of Geology and Geological Engineering Colorado School of Mines Department of Earth Sciences Simon Fraser University

Cooling of the Earth＇s mantle since the Meso-Archean is predicted by thermal and petrological models to have induced a secular change in the composition of primary mantle-derived magmas-and thus bulk oceanic crust; in particular, suggesting a decrease in maficity over time. This hypothesis underpins several recent studies that have addressed key geological questions concerning evolving plate tectonic styles, the rates and timing of continental crust formation, comparative planetology, and the emergence of complex life on Earth. Major, minor, and trace element geochemical analyses of（meta）mafic rocks preserved in the geological record allows exploration of this theory, although no consensus currently exists about the magnitude of this change and what compositions-if anything-constitute representative examples of Paleo-, Meso-, or Neo-Archean primitive oceanic crust. In this work, we review the current state of understanding of this issue, and use phase equilibria to examine the different mineral assemblages and rock types that would form during metamorphism of basalt of varying maficity in subduction zone environments. The presence（or absence） of such metamorphic products in the geological record is often used as evidence for（or against） the operation of modern-day subductiondriven plate tectonics on Earth at particular time periods; however, the control that secular changes in composition have on the stability of mineral assemblages diagnostic of subduction-zone metamorphism weakens such uniformitarianistic approaches. Geodynamic interpretations of the Archean metamorphic rock record must therefore employ a different set of petrological criteria for determining tectonothermal histories than those applied to Proterozoic or Phanerozoic equivalents.

关键词： Archean Mantle cooling Oceanic crust Basalt Metamorphism Uniformitarianism

Mitochondrial inorganic polyphosphate(polyP):the missing link of mammalian bioenergetics

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第11期16卷 2227-2228页

作者： brendan McIntyre Maria E.Solesio Department of Biology Rutgers UniversityCamdenNJUSA

Bioenergetics imbalance is a deleterious feature,which is present in the etiopathology of many human diseases,including in diabetes,cancer,and ***,targeting the components of mammalian bioenergetics,as well as the mechanisms that regulate the relationship between these components,could be a promising pharmacological strategy against a wide variety of *** for many years mammalian bioenergetics has been exclusively circumscribed to the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation(OXPHOS),which is the main mechanism to obtain adenosine triphosphate(ATP)in mammals,and to the cytoplasmic glycolysis and the closely related pentose phosphate pathway,in the last few decades many authors have advocated for expanding this term to include all the mechanisms that are involved in matching the cellular demands and production of energy to meet the needs of the cell under different states,including physiological and pathological *** broader definition will include other key energy metabolites,such as the ubiquitous inorganic polyphosphate(polyP).

关键词： inorganic diseases pathology

Factors that mediate colonization of the human stomach by Helicobacter pylori

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第19期20卷 5610-5624页

作者： Ciara Dunne brendan Dolan Marguerite Clyne School of Medicine and Medical Science and Conway Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Science University College DublinBelfieldDublin 4Ireland

Helicobacter pylori(***)colonizes the stomach of humans and causes chronic *** majority of bacteria live in the mucus layer overlying the gastric epithelial cells and only a small proportion of bacteria are found interacting with the epithelial *** bacteria living in the gastric mucus may act as a reservoir of infection for the underlying cells which is essential for the development of *** of gastric mucus is likely to be key to the establishment of chronic *** *** manages to colonise and survive in the hostile environment of the human stomach and avoid removal by mucus flow and killing by gastric acid is the subject of this *** also discuss how bacterial and host factors may together go some way to explaining the susceptibility to colonization and the outcome of infection in different *** infection of the gastric mucosa has become a paradigm for chronic *** of why *** is such a successful pathogen may help us understand how other bacterial species colonise mucosal surfaces and cause disease.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Colonization Infection Gastric mucosa Urease Flagella Polymorphisms Adhesins CagA Type IV secretion system

Automatic Generation Control of Multi-area Power System with Network Constraints and Communication Delays

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2020年第3期8卷 454-463页

作者： Ragini Patel Lasantha Meegahapola Liuping Wang Xinghuo Yu brendan McGrath Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University MelbourneVic 3000Australia

Newly proposed power system control methodologies combine economic dispatch(ED) and automatic generation control(AGC) to achieve the steady-state cost-optimal solution under stochastic operation conditions. However, a real power system is subjected to continuous demand disturbance and system constraints due to the input saturation, communication delays and unmeasurable feed-forward load disturbances. Therefore, optimizing the dynamic response under practical conditions is equally important. This paper proposes a state constrained distributed model predictive control(SCDMPC)scheme for the optimal frequency regulation of an interconnected power system under actual operation conditions, which exist due to the governor saturation, generation rate constraints(GRCs), communication delays, and unmeasured feed-forward load disturbances. In addition, it proposes an algorithm to handle the solution infeasibility within the SCDMPC scheme, when the input and state constraints are conflicting. The proposed SCDMPC scheme is then tested with numerical studies on a three-area interconnected network. The results show that the proposed scheme gives better control and cost performance for both steady state and dynamic state in comparison to the traditional distributed model predictive control(MPC) schemes.

关键词： Automatic generation control constraints distributed control frequency regulation model predictive control(MPC) tie-lines