检索结果-南通市图书馆

Effects of PGC-1αoverexpression on the myogenic response during skeletal muscle regeneration

Sports medicine and Health Science 2022年第3期4卷 198-208页

作者： Tyrone A.Washington Wesley S.Haynie Eleanor R.Schrems Richard A.Perry Jr. Lemuel A.Brown breanna m.williams megan E.Rosa-Caldwell David E.Lee Jacob L.Brown Exercise muscle Biology Laboratory Exercise Science Research CenterDepartment of HealthHuman Performance and RecreationUniversity of ArkansasFayettevilleAR72701USA Cachexia Research Laboratory Exercise Science Research CenterDepartment of HealthHuman Performance and RecreationUniversity of ArkansasFayettevilleAR72701USA

The ability of skeletal muscle to regenerate from injury is crucial for locomotion,metabolic health,and quality of life.Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γcoactivator-1α(PGC1A)is a transcriptional coactivator required for mitochondrial biogenesis.Increased mitochondrial biogenesis is associated with improved muscle cell differentiation,however PGC1A's role in skeletal muscle regeneration following damage requires further investigation.The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of skeletal muscle-specific PGC1A overexpression during regeneration following damage.22 C57BL/6J(WT)and 26 PGC1A muscle transgenic(A1)mice were injected with either phosphate-buffered saline(PBS,uninjured control)or Bupivacaine(mAR,injured)into their tibialis anterior(TA)muscle to induce skeletal muscle damage.TA muscles were extracted 3-or 28-days postinjury and analyzed for markers of regenerative myogenesis and protein turnover.Pgc1a mRNA was~10–20 fold greater in A1 mice.markers of protein synthesis,AKT and 4EBP1,displayed decreases in A1 mice compared to WT at both timepoints indicating a decreased protein synthetic response.myod mRNA was~75%lower compared to WT 3 days post-injection.WT mice exhibited decreased cross-sectional area of the TA muscle at 28 days post-injection with bupivacaine compared to all other groups.PGC1A overexpression modifies the myogenic response during regeneration.

关键词： PGC-1α Skeletal muscle muscle regeneration Satellite cells Protein turnover p38 mAPK

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Evaluating implicit gender bias at Canadian otolaryngology meetings through use of professional title

引用

World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第1期10卷 12-17页

作者： Kylen Van Osch Agnieszka Dzioba Khadija Ahmed Andrew macDonald Jamila Skinner Harley williams Julie E.Strychowsky m.Elise Graham Department of Otolaryngology-Head&Neck Surgery Schulich School of Medicine&DentistryWestern UniversityLondonOntarioCanada Department of Otolaryngology London Health Sciences Centre Children's HospitalLondonOntarioCanada Faculty of medicine Schulich School of Medicine&DentistryWestern UniversityLondonOntarioCanada

Objectives:Increasing numbers of women enter medical school annually.The number of female physicians in leadership positions has been much slower to equalize.There are also well‐documented differences in the treatment of women as compared to men in professional settings.Female presenters are less likely to be introduced by their professional title(“Doctor”)for grand rounds and conferences,especially with a man performing the introduction.This study reviewed the Canadian Society of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery(CSOHNS)meetings from 2017 to 2020 to determine the proportion of presenters introduced by their professional title and whether this varied by gender.methods:Recordings from CSOHNS meetings were reviewed and coded for introducer and presenter demographics,including leadership positions and gender.Chi‐squared tests of proportion and multivariate logistic regression was used to compare genders and identify factors associated with professional versus unprofessional forms of address.Results:No significant association was found between professional title use and introducer or presenter gender.Female presenters were introduced with professional title 69.6%of the time,while male presenters were introduced with professional title 67.6%of the time(P=0.69).Residents were introduced with a professional title with the most frequency(75.8%),while attending staff were introduced with a professional title with the least frequency(63.0%)(P=0.02).Conclusions:The lack of gender bias in speaker introductions at recent CSOHNS meetings demonstrates progress in achieving gender equity in medicine.Research efforts should continue to define additional forms of unconscious bias that may be contributing to gender inequity in leadership positions.

关键词： attitude of health personnel gender identity Otolaryngology women

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Evidentiary discrepancies in sexual assault casework within the US

引用

Forensic Sciences Research 2021年第4期6卷 189-194页

作者： Chinyere m.williams Department of chemistry and Forensics nottingham Trent UniversitynottinghamUK

In recent years,a significant number of investigations have discovered up to 200000 unsubmitted sexual assault kits(SAKs)in the US.While the public outcry was largely directed towards DNA analysis,the SAKs also contained biological specimens specifically designated for toxicological analysis.Due to the sensitivity of analytes in potential drug facilitated sexual assaults,the preservation and maintenance of the specimens is crucial in providing accurate toxicological measurements.The investigations into the unsubmitted SAKs have identified subjective law enforcement officer(LEO)rationale for the unsubmitted kits,however the impact on toxicological specimens has not been examined.This brief review of policies and guidelines with respect to forensic specimens has identified potential sources of evidentiary degradation,despite the use of chemical preservatives.With respect to temperature-controlled environments,the variation in SAK submission policies established throughout the US are potentially detrimental to the preservation of toxicological evidence.Degradation as a result of time-delayed collection and poorly maintained storage temperatures plays a crucial role for/in the interpretation of qualitative and quantitative toxicological results.This review finds these delays can be addressed through modernisation of facilities;electronic tracking of unsubmitted SAKs;mandated transfer of biological evidence within 72 h;and documentation of temperature within the chain of custody or other records.Without identifying the range of temperatures in which the evidence was exposed,forensic toxicologists may unintentionally provide erroneous interpretations of toxicological analyses-potentially casting doubt on the survivor’s recall of events and negatively impacting future sexual assault investigations.

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic toxicology drug-facilitated sexual assault DFSA chemical submission SANE SART

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Assessment of the effectiveness of weight-adjusted antibiotic administration,for reduced duration,in surgical prophylaxis of primary hip and knee arthroplasty

引用

World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第2期15卷 170-179页

作者： Tosan Okoro michael Wan Takura Darlington mukabeta Ella malev marketa Gross Claudia williams muhammad manjra Jan Herman Kuiper John murnaghan Department of Arthroplasty Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation TrustOswestry SY107AGUnited Kingdom School of medicine Keele UniversityStaffordshire ST55BGUnited Kingdom St Joseph’s Health Centre Unity Health TorontoToronto M6R 1B5Canada Department of Arthroplasty The Royal London HospitalBarts Health NHS TrustLondon E11BBUnited Kingdom Department of Arthroplasty Sunnybrook Holland Orthopaedic and Arthritis CentreToronto M4Y 1H1Canada Institute for Science and Technology in medicine Keele UniversityStaffordshire ST51BGUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Prophylactic antibiotics have significantly led to a reduction in the risk of postoperative surgical site infections(SSI)in orthopaedic surgery.The aim of using antibiotics for this purpose is to achieve serum and tissue drug levels that exceed,for the duration of the operation,the minimum inhibitory concentration of the likely organisms that are encountered.Prophylactic antibiotics reduce the rate of SSIs in lower limb arthroplasty from between 4%and 8%to between 1%and 3%.Controversy,however,still surrounds the optimal frequency and dosing of antibiotic administration.AIm To evaluate the impact of introduction of a weight-adjusted antibiotic prophylaxis regime,combined with a reduction in the duration of administration of post-operative antibiotics on SSI incidence during the 2 years following primary elective total hip and knee arthroplasty mETHODS Following ethical approval,patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty(THA)/total knee arthroplasty(TKA)with the old regime(OR)of a preoperative dose[cefazolin 2 g intravenously(IV)],and two subsequent doses(2 h and 8 h),were compared to those after a change to a new regime(NR)of a weight-adjusted preoperative dose(cefazolin 2 g IV for patients120 kg)and a post-operative dose at 2 h.The primary outcome in both groups was SSI rates during the 2 years post-operatively.RESULTS A total of n=1273 operations(THA n=534,TKA n=739)were performed in n=1264 patients.There was no statistically significant difference in the rate of deep(OR 0.74%(5/675)vs NR 0.50%(3/598);fishers exact test P=0.72),nor superficial SSIs(OR 2.07%(14/675)vs NR 1.50%(9/598);chi-squared test P=0.44)at 2 years postoperatively.With propensity score weighting and an interrupted time series analysis,there was also no difference in SSI rates between both groups[RR 0.88(95%CI 0.61 to 1.30)P=0.46].CONCLUSION A weight-adjusted regime,with a reduction in number of post-operative doses had no adverse impact on SSI incidence in this population.

关键词： Antibiotics Weight-adjusted Hip and knee arthroplasty Surgical site infection

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Sounding Board. The illness as the focus of geriatric medicine

引用

四川生理科学杂志 2024年第1期46卷 86-86页

作者： m E williams 不详

Understanding the difference between illness and disease is a prerequisite to the care of patients affected by incurable disorders.Educated palliation in the absence of substantive information regarding this discrepancy is the art of medicine.Because elderly patients often present with several chronic diseases,many of which are irreversible,cure-oriented physicians caring for the elderly are especially vulnerable to frequent disappointments.

关键词： patients diseases irreversible

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Experimental evidence that soil heterogeneity enhances plant diversity during community assembly

引用

Journal of Plant Ecology 2014年第5期7卷 461-469页

作者： Brandon m.williams Gregory R.Houseman Department of Biological Sciences Wichita State University1845 FairmountWichitaKS 67260USA

Aims Environmental heterogeneity is a primary mechanism explain-ing species coexistence and extant patterns of diversity.Despite strong theoretical support and ample observational evidence,few experimental studies in plant communities have been able to demonstrate a causal link between environmental heterogene-ity and plant diversity.This lack of experimental evidence sug-gests that either fine-scale heterogeneity has weak effects on plant diversity or previous experiments have been unable to effectively manipulate heterogeneity.Here,we utilize a unique soil manipu-lation to test whether fine-scale soil heterogeneity will increase plant richness through species sorting among experimental patch types.methods This experiment was conducted in the tallgrass prairie region of south-central Kansas,USA.We utilized the inherent variation found in the vertical soil profile,which varied in both biotic and abiotic characteristics,and redistributed these strata into either homoge-neous or heterogeneous spatial arrangements in 2.4×2.4 m plots.After the soil manipulation,34 native prairie species were sown into all plots.We conducted annual censuses at peak biomass to quantify species composition and plant density by species within the experimental communities.Important Findings After 2 years,species richness was significantly higher in heteroge-neous relative to homogeneous plots and this pattern was independ-ent of total plant density.In the heterogeneous plots,13 species had higher establishment in a specific patch type representing one of the three soil strata.Conversely,no species had greater estab-lishment in the mixed stratum,which comprised the homogene-ous plots,relative to the heterogeneous strata.These species sorting patterns suggest that fine-scale heterogeneity creates opportunities for plant establishment due to niche differences,which translates into increased plant diversity at the plot scale.Species richness was more strongly related to plant density among patches comprising homogenous plots-where fine-scale

关键词： environmental heterogeneity species richness species sorting community assembly niche theory neutral theory

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

High human disturbance decreases individual variability in skink escape behavior

引用

Current Zoology 2020年第1期66卷 63-70页

作者： Dana m.williams Phat-Tan NGUYEN Kemal CHAN madeleine KROHN Daniel T.BLUmSTEIN Department of Ecology&Evolutionary Biology University of California621 Young Drive SouthLos AngelesCA90095-1606USA

Animals living around people may modify their antipredator behavior as a function of proximity to humans,and this response has profound implications for whether or not a population can coexist with humans.We asked whether inland blue-tailed skinks Emoia impar modified their individual antipredator behavior as a function of differential exposure to humans.We conducted multiple consecutive flushes and recorded 2 measures of antipredator response:flight initiation distance(FID),the distance from a threatening stimulus at which an individual flees,and distance fled,the distance an individual fled after a flush.We used a multiple model comparison approach to quantify variation in individual escape behavior across multiple approaches and to test for differences in between-individual variation among populations.We found that individuals tolerated closer approach and fled shorter distances at locations with relatively less human disturbance than at locations with medium and high human disturbance,respectively.In addition,skinks living at high human disturbance sites had less variable FIDs than at low human disturbance sites.Two theories may explain these results.Selection against less favorable phenotypes has reduced behavioral variation in urban habitats and behavioral plasticity allows individuals to flexibly adjust their behavioral patterns in response to human disturbance.These results highlight the importance of studying variation within populations,at the individual level,which may better elucidate the impact that human disturbance has on the behavioral composition of populations.

关键词： distance fled Emoia impar flight initiation distance habitat sorting habituation urbanization

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Effect of nanoparticle(Pd, Pd/Pt, Ni) deposition on high temperature hydrogenation of Ti-V alloys in gaseous flow containing CO

引用

Progress in Natural Science:materials International 2017年第1期27卷 93-98页

作者： S.Suwarno m.williams J.K.Solberg V.A.Yartys Department of mechanical Engineering Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Department of materials Science and Engineering NTNU Institute for Energy Technology University of the Western Cape

The hydrogenation properties of Ti-V hydrides coated with nanoparticles have been studied in gaseous mixtures of argon and hydrogen with and without additions of 1% CO. Nanoparticles of Pd, Ni, and co-deposited Pd/Pt with particle sizes of;0–60 nm were formed by electroless deposition on the hydride surfaces. The alloy resistance to CO could be significantly improved by particle deposition. Large amounts of hydrogen were absorbed in a CO-containing gas when Ni and Pd/Pt deposition had been applied, while pure Pd deposition had no positive effect. Ni was found to have a stronger effect than those of Pd/Pt and Pd, possibly because of the size effect of Ni nanoparticles.

关键词： metal hydride Titanium Vanadium Nanoparticle Palladium Nickel Platinum Carbon monoxide

来源：

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Long-term tree productivity of a South Carolina coastal plain forest across a hydrology gradient

引用

Journal of Plant Ecology 2011年第1期4卷 67-76页

作者： William H.Conner Bo Song Thomas m.williams Jeffery T.Vernon Baruch Institute of Coastal Ecology and Forest Science Clemson UniversityGeorgetownSouth Carolina 29442USA

Aims In recent years,there has been an increased interest in examining changes in forest systems in response to drought,flooding,hurricanes and climate change.In the southern United States,forested wetlands are of special interest because of the extent of these forests.Coastal plain forested wetlands are among the most vulnerable to these climatic impacts.One of the problems in developing management practices for these coastal areas is the difficulty in adequately describing productivity relations and predicting how the structure and function of these communities might be affected by natural or anthropogenic disturbances.Community response to environmental change often occurs over a period of years,and the majority of reported studies are for 1–3 years in duration.This study documents long-term changes(10 years)in structure,composition and growth along a catena of high water table forested sites of an ancient beach ridge landscape in coastal South Carolina.methods Aboveground net primary production(ANPP)of trees was monitored from 2000 to 2009 on three sites within a longleaf pine-swamp blackgum forest system on the southern end of theWaccamaw Neck area of Georgetown County,SC.Permanent study plots(20325 m)were established across a moisture gradient(Dry,Intermediate,and Wet).Water levels were continuously monitored,litterfall was measured monthly and growth of trees>10 cm diameter at breast height was monitored on an annual basis.Annual litterfall and tree production values were summed to provide estimates of ANPP.Important Findings The study site was under severe drought conditions July 2001 through late summer 2002 and again in 2007.Diameter growth was affected in all three sites,but with different patterns.It seems that diameter growth in the Wet site was more sensitive to drought conditions in 2001–02 and 2007 than either Dry or Intermediate sites.While droughts did not seem to have a significant impact on litterfall in the Wet site,litterfall in the Intermediate site was more sensitive to the drought than ei

关键词： production gum-cypress forests hydrology drought effects coastal plain forests

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Novel approaches to therapeutics in pancreatic adenocarcinoma: vitamin C and tumor treatment fields

引用

Journal of Cancer metastasis and Treatment 2021年第1期7卷 284-299页

作者： Laith Abushahin Travis Jones Jonathan Song Terence m.williams Haseebah Shahzad Anne Noonan Arthur G.James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard J.Solove Research Institute The Ohio State University Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210USA Department of Internal medicine Division of Medical OncologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Department of mechanical&Aerospace Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Department of Radiation Oncology The Ohio State University Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210USA

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is a lethal disease with limited therapeutic options.Despite extensive clinical research over the past several decades,meaningful improvements in care standards have been challenging to achieve.Research efforts are underway on several fronts,including cytotoxic chemotherapy combinations,immunotherapy,and targeted therapy.In this review,we chose to focus less on mainstream avenues of clinical research in PDAC and highlight some novel and innovative research efforts that are typically outside the spotlight of therapies.Examples of these novel approaches include pharmacologic vitamin C and electromagnetic fields.This review’s scope is to present the biological basis of the anti-cancer potential and the early clinical data,as well as the future landscape of these agents,including ongoing clinical trials in these therapeutic avenues.

关键词： Pancreas cancer vitamin C ascorbate tumor treatment fields induced electromagnetic field electromagnetic field therapy

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：