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Potential factors influencing lymphatic filariasis transmission in"hotspot"and"control"areas in Ghana:the importance of vectors

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2019年第1期8卷 45-55页

作者： Sellase Pi-Bansa Joseph Harold Nyarko Osei Kwadwo Kyeremeh Frempong Elizabeth Elhassan Osei Kweku Akuoko David Agyemang Collins Ahorlu Maxwell Alexander Appawu Benjamin Guibehi Koudou Michael David Wilson Dziedzom Komi de Souza samuel Kweku Dadzie Jurg Utzinger daniel Adjei Boakye Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute BaselSwitzerland University of Basel BaselSwitzerland Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research College of Health SciencesUniversity of GhanaLegonGhana Department of Animal Biology and Conservation Science University of GhanaLegonGhana SightSavers International Ghana OfficeAccraGhana African Regional Postgraduate Programme in Insect Science University of GhanaLegonGhana Vector Biology Department Liverpool School of Tropical MedicineLiverpoolUK Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Cote d'Ivoire AbidjanCote d'Ivoire

Background:Mass drug administration(MDA)programmes for the control of lymphatic filariasis in Ghana,have been ongoing in some endemic districts for 16 *** current study aimed to assess factors that govern the success of MDA programmes for breaking transmission of lymphatic filariasis in ***:The study was undertaken in two"hotspot"districts(Ahanta West and Kassena Nankana West)and two control districts(Mpohor and Bongo)in *** were collected and identified using morphological and molecular tools.A proportion of the cibarial armatures of each species was *** were performed onAnopheles gambiae for filarial worm detection.A questionnaire was administered to obtain information on MDA compliance and vector control *** were compared between districts to determine factors that might explain persistent transmission of lymphatic ***:High numbers of mosquitoes were sampled in Ahanta West district compared to Mpohor district(F=16.09,P=0.002).There was no significant difference between the numbers of mosquitoes collected in Kassena Nankana West and Bongo districts(F=2.16,P=0.185).Mansonia species were predominant in Ahanta West *** mosquitoes were prevalent in all *** with infected and infective filarial worms was found only in Ahanta West *** differences were found in cibarial teeth numbers and shape for mosquito species in the surveyed *** MDA coverage was high in all *** average use of bednet and indoor residual spraying was 82.4 and 66.2%,*** was high compliance in the five preceding MDA rounds in Ahanta West and Kassena Nankana West districts,both considered hotspots of lymphatic filariasis ***:The study on persistent transmission of lymphatic filariasis in the two areas in Ghana present information that shows the importance of local understanding of factors affecting control and elimination of lymphatic

关键词： Ghana Hotspots Lymphatic filariasis Mass drug administration Microfilariae Systematic non-compliance Vector control

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Common workflows for computing material properties using different quantum engines

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 1202-1213页

作者： Sebastiaan P.Huber Emanuele Bosoni Marnik Bercx Jens Bröder Augustin Degomme Vladimir Dikan Kristjan Eimre Espen Flage-Larsen Alberto Garcia Luigi Genovese Dominik Gresch Conrad Johnston Guido Petretto samuel Poncé Gian-Marco Rignanese Christopher J.Sewell Berend Smit Vasily Tseplyaev Martin Uhrin daniel Wortmann Aliaksandr V.Yakutovich Austin Zadoks Pezhman Zarabadi-Poor Bonan Zhu Nicola Marzari Giovanni Pizzi Theory and Simulation of Materials(THEOS)and National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials(MARVEL) École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona ICMAB-CSICBellaterraSpain Peter Grünberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation Forschungszentrum JülichJülichGermany Department of Physics RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany CEA IRIG-MEM-L_SimUniv.Grenoble-AlpesGrenobleFrance Nanotech@surfaces Laboratory Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology(Empa)DübendorfSwitzerland SINTEF Industry Materials PhysicsOsloNorway Department of Physics University of OsloOsloNorway Microsoft Station Q University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCAUSA Atomistic Simulation Centre School of Mathematics and PhysicsQueen’s University BelfastBelfastUK UCLouvain Institut de la Matière Condensée et des Nanosciences(IMCN)Louvain-la-NeuveBelgium Laboratory of Molecular Simulation(LSMO) Institut des sciences et ingénierie chimiques(ISIC)École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)ValaisSionSwitzerland Department of Chemistry Claverton DownUniversity of BathBathUK The Faraday Institution DidcotUK Department of Chemistry University College LondonLondonUK

The prediction of material properties based on density-functional theory has become routinely common,thanks,in part,to the steady increase in the number and robustness of available simulation *** plurality of codes and methods is both a boon and a *** providing great opportunities for cross-verification,these packages adopt different methods,algorithms,and paradigms,making it challenging to choose,master,and efficiently use *** demonstrate how developing common interfaces for workflows that automatically compute material properties greatly simplifies interoperability and *** introduce design rules for reusable,code-agnostic,workflow interfaces to compute well-defined material properties,which we implement for eleven quantum engines and use to compute various material *** implementation encodes carefully selected simulation parameters and workflow logic,making the implementer’s expertise of the quantum engine directly available to *** workflows are made available as open-source and full reproducibility of the workflows is guaranteed through the use of the AiiDA infrastructure.

关键词： quantum routine material

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Imaging of Degenerative Pathologies of the Lumbar Spine: Professional Habits in Some Hospitals in Cameroon

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2021年第8期9卷 143-154页

作者： Mohamadou Aminou Yannick Onana Richard Mbozo’o Nvondo samuel Neossi Nguena Mathurin Aissata Bintou Moctar Ngo Nyemeg Celenaie Claude Mbo Amvene Jeremie Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Science University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging Maroua Regional Hospital Maroua Cameroon Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging Laquintinine Hospital Douala Cameroon

Background: The lumbar spine is the portion most frequently involved in degenerative pathologies. Everyone will suffer one day from “low back pain”. These pathologies are very frequent: epidemiological studies have shown that 65% to 90% of the general population could be affected by low back pain (lumbago) which could become chronic at acertain stage or could be complicated (2% to 4%) of cases could end up affecting nerve roots. Chronic low back pain causes a major public health problem in terms of morbidity and socioeconomic repercussions. Purpose: The overall purpose of this study is to evaluate the professional habits of exam applicants in case of degenerative pathologies of the lumbar spine, to Appreciate the knowledge of clinicians on the usefulness of medical imaging techniques in the event of suspicion of a degenerative pathology of the lumbar spine and finally to evaluate if the professional habits of requesting examinations in Cameroon comply with the Recommendations for Clinical Practice. Methods: A cross-sectional and descriptive study was used and was based on questionnaires distributed to those practitioners who requested for these diagnostic medical imaging studies and procedures at Yaoundé General Hospital (HGY), Yaoundé Central Hospital, La Cathédrale Medical Center, Yaoundé University Teaching Hospital, the Douala General Hospital, the Laquintinie Hospital of Douala, the Military Hospital of Douala, the daniel Muna Memorial Clinic of Douala, the International Center for Clinical and Medicine Imaging, the Ngaoundere Regional Hospital and the Protestant Hospital of Ngaoundere (HPN), from April 2020 to March 2021. Data collected was processed and analyzed via Epi Info version 12.0 and the statistical test used for correlation was Chi2. Results: 137 practitioners were retained among whom, 90 were male and 47 females, their average age being 46 years with working experience less than 5 y

关键词： Lumbar Spine Medical Imaging Degenerative Pathologies Professional Habits Recommendations

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Electrocardiographic Safety of Daily Hydroxychloroquine 400 mg Plus Azithromycin 250 mg as an Ambulatory Treatment for COVID-19 Patients in Cameroon

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2021年第2期11卷 106-112页

作者： Liliane Mfeukeu-Kuate William Djomo Ngatchou Mazou Ngou Temgoua Charles Kouanfack daniel Lemoungoum Joel Noutakdie Tochie Armel Zemsi Lauriane Fomete Skinner Lekelem Sylvain Zemsi Joelle Sobngwi Thierry Ntandzi Christian Ngongang Ouankou Yves Wasnyo Antoinette Tsama Assiga Jan René Nkeck Ahmadou Musa Jingi Magellan Guewo Eric Walter Pefura Yone Charlotte Moussi Omgba Paul Owono Etoundi Jean Cyr Yombi samuel Kingue Alain Menanga Jacqueline Ze Minkande Pierre Ongolo Zogo Jean Claude Mbanya Pierre Joseph Fouda Eugène Sobngwi Central Hospital of Yaoundé Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Internal Medicine and specialities Faculty of Médicine and Biomedical Sciences of the University of Yaounde I Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Surgery University of Douala Hypertension Clinic and Cardiac Surgery Department St Pierre Hospital Université libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Dschang University Dschang Cameroon Hypertension Clinic and Cardiology Department Erasme Hospital University of Brussels Brussels Belgium Research-Health and Development Yaoundé Cameroon and London School of Economics and Political Sciences London UK ANRS Cameroon Yaoundé Camerroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Jamot Hospital of Yaounde Yaounde Cameroon Regional Public Health Delegation for the Centre Ministry of Public Health Cameroon Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Surgery and Specialities Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Centre for the Development of Good Health Practices Yaoundé Cameroon

Objective: To determine the early electrocardiographic changes in a cohort of ambulatory cameroonian COVID-19 patients treated with hydroxychlo- roquine and Azithromycin. Design: Prospective study. Setting: Treatment centres of the city of Yaounde, Cameroon, from May 7th to 24th 2020. Participants: We enrolled 51 consecutive confirmed COVID-19 on RT-PCR who having mild forms of COVID-19 and treated by hydroxychloroquine 200 mg twice daily during seven #days plus Azithromycin 500 mg the first day and 250 mg the remaining 4 days as per national standard. Main Outcomes Measures: The primary end-point was the change in QTc interval between day 0 (D0), day 3 (D3) and day 7 (D7). Secondary endpoints were changes in all other cardiac electrical conductivity patterns and the occurrence of clinical arrhythmic events during the course of treatment. Results: The population (29 men and 22 women) was aged 39 ± 11 years (range 17 to 61 years

关键词： Early Electrocardiographic Changes COVID-19 Hydroxychloroquine Azithromycin Cameroon

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“以同情心去帮助别人”——病患志的浪漫主义科学（英文）

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现代传记研究 2018年第2期 36-54页

作者：魏莱民北京大学医学部医学人文研究院

在过去50年里,病患志(写病情的自传/他传式叙述)已成为一个文类,无论患者还是健康人都开始借此探索疾病、疼痛、痛苦的表现。本文将从具有教化作用的文类角度,对病患志的历史发展做一考察,并聚焦三位关键人物:罗伯特·伯顿、塞缪尔·约... 详细信息

在过去50年里,病患志(写病情的自传/他传式叙述)已成为一个文类,无论患者还是健康人都开始借此探索疾病、疼痛、痛苦的表现。本文将从具有教化作用的文类角度,对病患志的历史发展做一考察,并聚焦三位关键人物:罗伯特·伯顿、塞缪尔·约翰生及奥利弗·沙克斯。他们都对病患志的理念做出了贡献,认为描写病情与阅读病情不仅能给人以指引和安慰,而且能对人发挥教化作用。在近代早期,伯顿刻画了'痛苦的治疗者'这一作者形象,他通过为读者担任向导,使读者即便没有治愈,也在阅读中获得了慰藉。18世纪作家塞缪尔·约翰生也对伯顿的《忧郁的解剖》(1621年)爱不释手。用詹姆斯·鲍斯威尔的话说,'这是唯一一本让约翰生心甘情愿早起两小时阅读的书'。对于约翰生来说,这部作品为他与忧郁症做斗争提供了实用的指导。此外,这本书还为饱受痛苦折磨(例如心上人辞世)的其他读者提供了建议。到了20世纪后期,无论是健康保健专业人士,还是文学评论者,都广为阅读病患志。现代病患志的一位先驱是神经学家、浪漫主义科学家奥利弗·沙克斯,他力求重构医疗话语,以探索并确认患病经历中潜在的积极方面。无论对于作者还是读者,病患志的力量都不仅在于其自传契约,作者在描写自身病情时,凭借的是自己对病痛直接的个人经历和严重疾病对人的改变作用。

关键词：病患志自传传记教化作用

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根据智能手机数据预测个性

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数据分析与知识发现 2020年第7期4卷 75-75页

作者：本刊讯 Clemens Stachl Quay Au Ramona Schoedel samuel D.Gosling Gabriella M.Harari daniel Buschek Sarah Theres Volkel Tobias Schuwerk Michelle Oldemeier Theresa Ullmann Heinrich Hussmann Bernd Bischl Markus Bühner 不详

智能手机用户都不可避免地产生大量可供他人访问的数据,这些数据为识别用户的性格提供线索。心理学家正在研究如何揭示这些线索。对于世界各地的大多数人来说,智能手机已经成为他们日常生活中不可或缺的组成部分。这些设备不断收集的数... 详细信息

智能手机用户都不可避免地产生大量可供他人访问的数据,这些数据为识别用户的性格提供线索。心理学家正在研究如何揭示这些线索。对于世界各地的大多数人来说,智能手机已经成为他们日常生活中不可或缺的组成部分。这些设备不断收集的数据是名副其实的"金矿",不仅是IT公司,科学界对这些数据也产生了极大的兴趣。

关键词：数据预测智能手机 IT公司名副其实日常生活心理学家

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美国的无罪裁决——从1989年到2003年

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中国刑事法杂志 2006年第6期 108-124页

作者：萨缪尔.格罗斯科里斯坦.雅克伯丹尼尔.马赛森尼古拉斯.蒙特格玛丽苏加塔.帕迪尔刘静坤密歇根大学密歇根大学法学院华盛顿特区金和斯伯尔丁律师事务所密歇根大学经济系费城儿童医院生物统计学和流行病学部中国人民公安大学

在1989年8月14日，伊利诺斯州芝加哥市库克郡巡回法院宣布1979年加利·多特森（Gary Dotson）强奸案件的判决无效，并撤销了定罪裁决。多特森先生在监狱中服刑达10年之久，后来得到了假释，他并不是美国历史上第一个被无罪释放的无辜的... 详细信息

在1989年8月14日，伊利诺斯州芝加哥市库克郡巡回法院宣布1979年加利·多特森（Gary Dotson）强奸案件的判决无效，并撤销了定罪裁决。多特森先生在监狱中服刑达10年之久，后来得到了假释，他并不是美国历史上第一个被无罪释放的无辜的囚犯。但是，该案是美国刑事司法历史上的一个转折点：他是第一个受益于DNA鉴定技术而被无罪释放的罪犯。该案掀开了美国刑事司法系统改革的帷幕。在此前，针对被错误定罪的被告作出无罪释放的裁决被视为是反常的情况。但是自从1989年以来，这种少有的事变成了一种令人不安的常见的情况。

关键词：美国历史无罪释放裁决刑事司法系统 DNA鉴定技术芝加哥市强奸案件定罪

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Archimedes的《方法》：命题13和命题14

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数学译林 2017年第1期36卷 25-30页

作者： Shirley B. Gray daniel Ye Ding Gustavo Gordillo samuel Landsberger Cye Waldman 赵振江陆柱家加州州立大学不详

在过去的10年里，数学界中没有一个领域比Archimedes（阿基米德）的羊皮卷（thePalimpsest）吸引了更多的国际关注．1998年在克里斯蒂拍卖行的拍卖，集中在Waiters艺术博物馆的联合工作之后，随之而来的是博物馆的巡回展览，报纸上的文... 详细信息

在过去的10年里，数学界中没有一个领域比Archimedes（阿基米德）的羊皮卷（thePalimpsest）吸引了更多的国际关注．1998年在克里斯蒂拍卖行的拍卖，集中在Waiters艺术博物馆的联合工作之后，随之而来的是博物馆的巡回展览，报纸上的文章，电视特别报道，以及数以十计的发布．

关键词：命题艺术博物馆阿基米德联合工作拍卖行数学

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美国临床肿瘤学会IV期非小细胞肺癌化疗的临床实践指南更新

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中国肺癌杂志 2010年第3期13卷 171-189页

作者： Christopher G. AZZOLI Sherman Baker JR Sarah TEMIN William PAO Timothy ALIFF Julie BRAHMER David H. JOHNSON Janessa L. LASKIN Gregory MASTERS daniel MILTON Luke NORDQUIST David G. PFISTER Steven PIANTADOSI Joan H. SCHILLER Reily SMITH Thomas J. SMITH John R. STRAWN David TRENT Giuseppe GIACCONE 丁燕(翻译) 南娟(翻译) 刘谦(翻译) 周清华(校对) 陈军(校对) From the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center New York NY Virginia Commonwealth University Massey Cancer Center Richmond American Society of Clinical Oncology Alexandria Virginia Cancer Center Richmond VA Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center Nashville TN Northwest Oncology & Hematology Associates Coral Springs FL Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center Johns Hopkins University Baltimore National Cancer Institute Bethesda MD Helen F. Graham Cancer Center Newark DE Hematology/Oncology of Indiana PC Indianapolis IN Nebraska Cancer Specialists PC Omaha NE samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute Los Angeles CA University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX British Columbia Cancer Agency Vancouver British Columbia Canada 天津医科大学总医院天津市肺癌研究所天津市肺癌转移与肿瘤微环境重点实验室

本文旨在为IV期非小细胞肺癌患者的治疗提供更新版推荐。本文资料检索源自2002年以来公布的相关随机试验文献。此指南范围限于化疗与生物治疗。更新委员会对这些文献进行了总结并提供了推荐更新。162篇文献符合标准被纳入参考。本推荐... 详细信息

本文旨在为IV期非小细胞肺癌患者的治疗提供更新版推荐。本文资料检索源自2002年以来公布的相关随机试验文献。此指南范围限于化疗与生物治疗。更新委员会对这些文献进行了总结并提供了推荐更新。162篇文献符合标准被纳入参考。本推荐基于可改善总生存期的治疗方法。仅改善无进展生存期的治疗方法推动了对毒性及生存质量的监测。对于体力状态评分为0分或1分患者的一线治疗,可推荐以铂类为基础的细胞毒性药物的两药联用。对铂类治疗有禁忌的患者,可采用非铂类细胞毒性两药联合。对于体力状态评分为2分的患者,单一细胞毒性药物即可。对于疾病进展或经过4个周期的治疗仍对治疗无反应的患者,应停止一线细胞毒性化疗。即使在6个周期后患者对治疗仍有反应,亦应停止两药细胞毒性化疗。对于伴有明确的表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR)突变的患者,可推荐一线采用吉非替尼治疗;对于EGFR突变为阴性或不明确的患者,细胞毒性化疗更佳。除具有特定临床特征的患者外,可推荐贝伐单抗与卡铂-紫杉醇联用。对于通过免疫组化证实EGFR阳性的肿瘤患者,可推荐西妥昔单抗与顺铂-长春瑞滨联用。多西紫杉醇、厄洛替尼、吉非替尼或培美曲塞被推荐作为二线治疗。对于未曾接受过厄洛替尼或吉非替尼治疗的患者,可推荐厄洛替尼作为三线治疗。现有数据不足以推荐常规三线采用细胞毒性药物。已有的证据也不足以推荐常规应用分子标记物选择化疗。

关键词：临床实践指南非小细胞肺癌选择化疗美国临床肿瘤学会细胞毒性药物表皮生长因子受体 receptor 肺癌患者

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