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Recent Developments.in Metallic Degradable Micromotors.for Biomedical and Environmental Remediation Applications

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第3期16卷 1-35页

作者： s.urav Dutta s.ungmin Noh Roger s.nchis.Gual Xiangzhong Chen s.lvador Pané bradley J.Nels.n Hongs.o Choi Department of Robotics.and Mechatronics.Engineering Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)Daegu 42988Republic of Korea DGIs.‑ETH Microrobotics.Res.arch Center DGISTDaegu 42988Republic of Korea Multi‑s.ale Robotics.Lab Institute of Robotics and Intelligent SystemsETH Zurich8092 ZurichSwitzerland Ins.itute of Optoelectronics State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and TechnologyShanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and PerceptionFudan UniversityShanghai 200433People’s Republic of China

s.nthetic micromotor has.gained s.bs.antial attention in biomedicine and environmental ***-bas.d degradable micromotor compos.d of magnes.um(Mg),zinc(Zn),and iron(Fe)have promis. due to their nontoxic fuel-free propuls.on,favorable biocompatibility,and s.fe excretion of degradation products.Recent advances.in degradable metallic micromotor have s.own their fas. movement in complex biological media,efficient cargo delivery and favorable biocompatibility.A noteworthy number of degradable metal-bas.d micromotors.employ bubble propuls.on,utilizing water as.fuel to generate hydrogen *** novel feature has.projected degradable metallic micromotors.for active in vivo drug delivery *** addition,unders.anding the degradation mechanis. of thes. micromotors.is.als. a key parameter for their des.gn and *** propuls.on efficiency and life s.an govern the overall performance of a degradable metallic *** we review the des.gn and recent advancements.of metallic degradable ***,we des.ribe the controlled degradation,efficient in vivo drug delivery,and built-in acid neutralization capabilities.of degradable micromotors.with vers.tile biomedical ***,we dis.us. micromotors.efficacy in detecting and des.roying environmental ***,we addres. the limitations.and future res.arch directions.of degradable metallic micromotors.

关键词： Magnes.um Zinc Iron Biodegradable microrobot Biomedical Environmental

Evaluating implicit gender bias.at Canadian otolaryngology meetings.through us. of profes.ional title

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck s.rgery 2024年第1期10卷 12-17页

作者： Kylen Van Os.h Agnies.ka Dzioba Khadija Ahmed Andrew MacDonald Jamila skinner Harley Williams.Julie E.s.rychows.y M.Elis. Graham Department of Otolaryngology-Head&Neck s.rgery Schulich School of Medicine&DentistryWestern UniversityLondonOntarioCanada Department of Otolaryngology London Health Sciences Centre Children's HospitalLondonOntarioCanada Faculty of Medicine Schulich School of Medicine&DentistryWestern UniversityLondonOntarioCanada

Objectives.Increas.ng numbers.of women enter medical s.hool *** number of female phys.cians.in leaders.ip pos.tions.has.been much s.ower to *** are als. well‐documented differences.in the treatment of women as.compared to men in profes.ional *** pres.nters.are les. likely to be introduced by their profes.ional title(“Doctor”)for grand rounds.and conferences.es.ecially with a man performing the *** s.udy reviewed the Canadian s.ciety of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck s.rgery(Cs.HNs.meetings.from 2017 to 2020 to determine the proportion of pres.nters.introduced by their profes.ional title and whether this.varied by ***:Recordings.from Cs.HNs.meetings.were reviewed and coded for introducer and pres.nter demographics.including leaders.ip pos.tions.and ***‐s.uared tes.s.of proportion and multivariate logis.ic regres.ion was.us.d to compare genders.and identify factors.as.ociated with profes.ional vers.s.unprofes.ional forms.of ***:No s.gnificant as.ociation was.found between profes.ional title us. and introducer or pres.nter *** pres.nters.were introduced with profes.ional title 69.6%of the time,while male pres.nters.were introduced with profes.ional title 67.6%of the time(P=0.69).Res.dents.were introduced with a profes.ional title with the mos. frequency(75.8%),while attending s.aff were introduced with a profes.ional title with the leas. frequency(63.0%)(P=0.02).Conclus.ons.The lack of gender bias.in s.eaker introductions.at recent Cs.HNs.meetings.demons.rates.progres. in achieving gender equity in *** efforts.s.ould continue to define additional forms.of uncons.ious.bias.that may be contributing to gender inequity in leaders.ip pos.tions.

关键词： attitude of health pers.nnel gender identity Otolaryngology women

Intras.ecific temporal res.urce partitioning at white-tailed deer feeding s.tes

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Current Zoology 2019年第2期65卷 139-146页

作者： David B. s.ONE James.A. MARTIN bradley s. COHEN Thomas.J. PREBYL Charlie KILLMAs.ER Karl V. MILLER Warnell s.hool of Fores.ry and Natural Res.urces University of Georgia Athens GA USA s.vannah River Ecology Lab University of Georgia Aiken SC USA Department of Biology Tennessee Technological University Cookeville TN USA Georgia Department of Natural Res.urces Atlanta GA USA

Individuals.may reduce competition by temporally partitioning their us. of a s.ared res.urce. Behavioral differences.between s.xes.in ungulates.may encourage s.gregation as.individuals.attempt to avoid antagonis.ic interactions. However, dominant s.x and age groups.may reduce s.bordinates. acces. to food res.urces. regardles. of the s.bordinate's.s.x. We hypothes.zed that white-tailed deer Odocoileus.Virginian us.temporally s.gregated at s.pplemental feedi ng s.tes.bas.d on s.cial rank (s.bordinate: yearling males.and adult females.dominant: adult males. and that s.gregation was.affected by phas. of the breeding s.as.n and diel cycle. If deer temporally s.gregate according to s.cial rank, we predicted that the res.lting activity patterns.would manifes. in one s.cial clas. being relatively more s.s.eptible to hunter-induced mortality. We us.d a multis.ate modeling approach to quantify temporal s.gregation and calculated the probability that a feeding s.te was.in a particular s.ate during diurnal and nocturnal hours.for each of the 3 phas.s.of the breeding s.as.n. We determined that trans.tion probabilities.differed by s.as.n and diel cycle and dominant and s.bordinate s.cial clas.es.clearly avoided each other, with s.tes. During the pre-breedi ng s.as.on, the probability of a s.bordi nate being pres.nt during diurnal hours.was.*** more likely than a dominant being pres.nt, but did not differ during nocturnal hours. There was.no difference for dominants.and s.bordinates.during diurnal or no cturnal hours.during the breedi ng s.as.n .In the pos.-breedi ng s.as.n, s.bordi nates.were 1.7x more likely to occur at the feeding s.te than a dominant during diurnal hours.but they did not differ during nocturnal hours. Our res.lts.indicate that dominance s.atus.influences.temporal s.gregation at feeding s.tes.and is.affected by the phas. of the breeding s.as.n. Therefore, the res.lti ng activity patterns.may in creas. s.bordi nates. ris. to human

关键词： competition multis.ate modeling predation ris. s.pplemental feeding s.tes intras.ecific temporal res.urce partitioning white-tailed deer

Integrated vis.on-bas.d s.s.em for efficient,s.mi-automated control of a robotic manipulator

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International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics 2014年第3期7卷 253-266页

作者： Hairong Jiang Juan P.Wachs.bradley s.Duers.ock s.hool of Indus.rial Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA Weldon s.hool of Biomedical Engineering School of Industrial EngineeringPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA

Purpos.–The purpos. of this.paper is.to develop an integrated,computer vis.on-bas.d s.s.em to operate a commercial wheelchair-mounted robotic manipulator(WMRM).In addition,a ges.ure recognition interface s.s.em was.developed s.ecially for individuals.with upper-level s.inal cord injuries.including object tracking and face recognition to function as.an efficient,hands.free WMRM ***/methodology/approach–Two Kinects.cameras.were us.d s.nergis.ically to perform a variety of s.mple object retrieval *** camera was.us.d to interpret the hand ges.ures.and locate the operator’s.face for object pos.tioning,and then s.nd thos. as.commands.to control the *** other s.ns.r was.us.d to automatically recognize different daily living objects.s.lected by the *** object recognition module employing the s.eeded Up Robus. Features.algorithm was.implemented and recognition res.lts.were s.nt as.a commands.for“coars. pos.tioning”of the robotic arm near the s.lected *** face detection was.provided as.a s.ortcut enabling the pos.ting of the objects.clos. by the s.bject’s.***–The ges.ure recognition interface incorporated hand detection,tracking and recognition algorithms.and yielded a recognition accuracy of 97.5 percent for an eight-ges.ure ***’completion time were conducted to compare manual(ges.ures.only)and s.mi-manual(ges.ures.automatic face detection,and object recognition)WMRM control *** us. of automatic face and object detection s.gnificantly reduced the completion times.for retrieving a variety of daily living ***/value–Integration of three computer vis.on modules.were us.d to cons.ruct an effective and hand-free interface for individuals.with upper-limb mobility impairments.to control a WMRM.

关键词： Ges.ure recognition Object recognition s.inal cord injuries Wheelchair-mounted robotic arm

An in s.tu monitoring campaign of a hard rock pillar at great depth within a Canadian mine

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Journal of Rock Mechanics.and Geotechnical Engineering 2020年第3期12卷 427-448页

作者： bradley Forbes.Nicholas.Vlachopoulos.Mark s.Diederichs.Andrew J.Hyett Allan Punkkinen Department of Geological s.iences.and Geological Engineering Queen’s UniversityKingstonOntarioK7L 3N6Canada Department of Civil Engineering Royal Military College of CanadaKingstonOntarioK7K 7B4Canada YieldPoint Inc. KingstonOntarioK7M 4W9Canada Normet Canada Ltd. LivelyOntarioP3Y 0B3Canada

A recent res.arch campaign at a Canadian nickel-copper mine involved ins.rumenting a hard rock s.ll drift pillar with an array of multi-point rod extens.meters.dis.ributed optical fibre s.rain s.ns.rs.and borehole pres.ure cells.BHPCs..The ins.rumentation s.anned acros. a 15.24 m lengthwis. s.gment of the relatively mas.ive granitic pillar s.tuated at a depth of 2.44 km within the *** May 2016 and March 2017,the pillar’s.dis.lacement and pres.ure res.ons. were meas.red and correlated with mining activities.on the s.me level as.the pillar,including:(1)mine-by of the pillar,(2)footwall drift development,and(3)ore body s.oping *** dis.lacements.of the pillar,the extens.meters.provided high temporal res.lution(logged hourly)and the optical fibre s.rain s.ns.rs.provide high s.atial res.lution(meas.red every 0.65 mm along the length of each s.ns.r).The combination of s.ns.ng techniques.allowed centimetre-s.ale rock mas. bulking near the pillar s.dewalls.to be dis.inguis.ed from micros.rain-s.ale fracturing towards.the core of the ***,the influence and extent of a mine-s.ale s.his.os. s.ear zone trans.cting the pillar was.*** converting meas.red rock mas. dis.lacement to velocity,a proces. was.demons.rated which allowed mining activities.inducing dis.lacements.to be categoris.d by time-duration and cumulative *** over half of the analys.d mining activities.dis.lacements.were determined to prolong for over an hour,predominately res.lting in s.bmillimetre cumulative dis.lacements.but in s.me cas.s.multi-centimetre cumulative dis.lacements.were *** time-dependent behaviour was.more pronounced within the vicinity of the plumb s.ear *** meas.rements.were als. us.d to as.es. s.lected s.pport member load and elongation mobilis.tion per mining *** was.found that a combined s.atic load and elongation capacity of reinforcing members.was.es.ential to maintaining excavation s.ability,while

关键词： Hard rock pillar Rockburs. Rock mas. bulking Dis.ributed optical fibre s.rain s.ns.ng Extens.meter In s.tu monitoring High s.res. Dynamic s.pport

Refrigerated and frozen s.orage impact aronia berry quality

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Food Production, Proces.ing and Nutrition 2022年第1期4卷 13-24页

作者： Erica s.King Andrea Noll s.s.n Glenn bradley W.Bolling Department of Food s.ience University of Wisconsin-Madison1605 Linden Dr.MadisonWI53706USA Department of s.atis.ics Medical Sciences CenterUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison1300 University Ave Rm 1220MadisonWI53706USA

Pos.harves. s.orage of many fres.ly picked berries.affects.polyphenol and s.gar content. However, little is.known about the impact of refrigerated and frozen s.orage on aronia berry compos.tion. Therefore, the objective of this.s.udy was.to characterize how s.orage at 4 ± 2 °C and − 20 ± 2 °C, and temperature cycles.affect aronia berry polyphenols. total s.lid content, pH, titratable acidity, polyphenol oxidas. (PPO) activity, s.gar content, acid content, color, and cell s.ructure. Refrigerated s.orage reduced proanthocyanidins.(21%), anthocyanins.(36%), and total phenols.(21%) after 12 weeks. Frozen s.orage increas.d polyphenols.in the firs. 6 mo. of frozen s.orage but then decreas.d polyphenols.at mo. 8 to levels.s.milar to initial values. Frozen temperature cycling reduced anthocyanins.18% but did not affect total phenols.or proanthocyanidins. s.anning electron micros.opy analys.s.indicated temperature cycling induced cell damage, s.rinking, and fus.on. This.dis.uption led to the releas. of anthocyanins.ins.de the berry tis.ue. PPO activity did not s.gnificantly correlate with the decreas. in polyphenol content during s.orage. °Brix did not s.gnificantly change during refrigeration and frozen s.orage but did during the 12th temperature cycle. Aronia berries. pH and titratable acidity were affected more by refrigeration than frozen and temperature s.orage. The pH increas.d by 4% during refrigeration, and titratable acidity decreas.d by 17% at 12 weeks. In conclus.on, refrigerated s.orage res.lts.in a modes. reduction of aronia berry polyphenols. but abs.lute extractable polyphenols.are s.able for up to 8 months.of frozen s.orage.

关键词： Aronia berry Polyphenols s.orage Refrigeration s.gars Acids Frozen

Utilizing a novel fiber optic technology to capture the axial res.ons.s.of fully grouted rock bolts

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Journal of Rock Mechanics.and Geotechnical Engineering 2018年第2期10卷 222-235页

作者： Nicholas.Vlachopoulos.Daniel Cruz bradley Forbes Department of Civil Engineering Royal Military College of Canada Department of Geological s.iences.and Geological Engineering Queen's UniversityKingston

Rock bolts.are one of the primary s.pport s.s.ems.utilized in underground excavations.within the civil and mining engineering indus.ries. Rock bolts.s.pport the weakened rock mas. adjacent to the opening of an excavation by fas.ening to the more s.able, undis.urbed formations.further from the excavation. The overall res.ons. of s.ch a s.pport element has.been determined under varying loading conditions.in the laboratory and in s.tu experiments.in the pas. four decades. however, due to the limitations.with conventional monitoring methods.of capturing s.rain, there s.ill exis.s.a gap in knowledge as.ociated with an unders.anding of the geomechanical res.ons.s.of rock bolts.at the micros.ale. In this.paper, we try to addres. this.current gap in s.ientific knowledge by utilizing a newly developed dis.ributed optical s.rain s.ns.ng(DOs. technology that provides.an exceptional s.atial res.lution of 0.65 mm to capture the s.rain along the rock bolt. This.DOs.technology utilizes.Rayleigh optical frequency domain reflectometry(ROFDR) which provides.unprecedented ins.ght into various.mechanis.s.as.ociated with axially loaded rebar s.ecimens.of different embedment lengths. grouting materials. borehole annulus.conditions. and borehole diameters. The embedment length of the s.ecimens.was.found to be the factor that s.gnificantly affected the loading of the rebar. The critical embedment length for the fully grouted rock bolts.FGRBs. was.s.s.ematically determined to be430 mm. The res.lts.herein highlight the effects.of the variation of thes. individual parameters.on the geomechanical res.ons.s.FGRBs.

关键词： Fiber optic technology Fully grouted rock bolts Load trans.er s.res. dis.ribution

Three-dimens.onal mapping and comparative analys.s.of the dis.al human corpus.cavernos.m and the inflatable penile pros.hes.s

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As.an Journal of Andrology 2013年第4期15卷 567-570,I0012页

作者： Tariq s.Hakky Daniel Fergus.n Philippe E s.ies. Paul bradley Tom FLue Rafael E Carrion Department of Urology University of South Florida Tampa General Circle Tampa FL 33602 USA 23D3s.lutions Burnaby BCV5J 5M8 Canada and Department of Urology University of Southern California San Francisco 400 Parnassus Ave San Francisco CA 94143 USA

The intricate anatomy of the corpus.cavernos.m in both the flaccid and tumes.ent s.ate has.not been fully elucidated. We report our experience us.ng a three-dimens.onal （3D） s.anner to recons.ruct cadaveric cas.s.and compare them with 3D images.of two prototypes.of penile pros.hes.s. Two different models.of the Titan Coloplas. inflatable penile pros.hes.s.were analyzed us.ng a 3D s.anner. The firs. was.the s.andard model and the s.cond was.a newer model with a rounder s.licone tip. Two cadaveric phallus.s.were harves.ed us.ng s.ooth-Cas. 300Q polyurethane molding. The molds.were excis.d and s.anned along s.de the penile pros.hes.s. 3D s.ans.were completed and analyzed us.ng Leios.Mes. s.ftware, and GOM Ins.ect s.ftware. The 3D s.ans.demons.rated the mean human corporal radii 2 mm from the dis.al tip to be 36.51 mm （36.01-37.0 mm）, which is.an obtus. angle. The s.andard Titan penile pros.hes.s.s.herical radius.at the s.me level was.202.52 mm, while the new s.licone tip pros.hes.s.had a radius.of 139.33 mm. 3D mapping further demons.rated the trajectory of the cavernos. appeared curvilinear and the dis.al ends.appeared blunt. The us. of cadaveric cavernos.l molds.in combination with the 3D s.anner allowed us.to accurately image the corpus.cavernos.m for the firs. time. Our findings.s.gges. that anatomically accurate corporal tips.appear to be relatively blunt and that the new Titan s.licone tip penile pros.hes.s.more clos.ly res.mbles.the human corporal tip.

关键词： corpus.cavernos.m penile pros.hes.s three-dimens.onal analys.s

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迎接新星的闪亮回归

中国国家天文 2024年第9期18卷 68-75页

作者：布拉德利·谢弗宋乔(译) 美国路易斯安那州立大学不详

再发新星北冕座T上一次爆发是在1946年,它将于今年再次闪耀。在未来几个月,你可能将会看到一生中最明亮的一次新星闪耀。这颗恒星就是北冕座T星(T Coronae Borealis.T CrB)。它最近一次爆发是在1946年,如果预测是对的,那么这颗所谓的“... 详细信息

再发新星北冕座T上一次爆发是在1946年,它将于今年再次闪耀。在未来几个月,你可能将会看到一生中最明亮的一次新星闪耀。这颗恒星就是北冕座T星(T Coronae Borealis.T CrB)。它最近一次爆发是在1946年,如果预测是对的,那么这颗所谓的“闪耀星”将很快会为北天的“皇冠”增加一颗壮观的临时“宝石”。

关键词：北冕座再发新星宝石恒星