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History and Trends in US Medical Education: A Focus on Family Medicine

Medical Bulletin of Shanghai Jiaotong University 2014年第1期26卷 59-67页

作者： Michael A.Sitorius Michael Wadman bradley britigan Jeffrey D.Harrison University of Nebraska Medical Center

The United States medical education system has undergone dramatic changes over the past 350 years. The system has evolved from an individualized apprenticeship format into a standardized, nationally accredited and outcomes based system of training. As residencies in specialty care developed so did the recognized need for a robust primary care system to meet the national healthcare demand; thus leading to the creation of the American Board of Family Practice. Medical education in the US operates on a continuum from college to medical school to residency training to continuing lifelong *** of these components are overseen by nationally recognized accrediting bodies that are designed to ensure the public that physicians are competent and qualified to deliver safe and effective patient care. The most recent trend has been led by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education(ACGME) through its Next Accreditation System(NAS). The NAS focuses on continuous quality improvement in residency training programs, achievement of observable milestones by individual residents, and sponsoring institutional oversight of the learning environment. These NAS concepts are also expanding into medical school education and continuing medical education areas. These constructs have been incorporated into the newest requirements for Family Medicine training also with a special emphasis on ambulatory care, faculty development, scholarly activity, and defined program outcomes. The evolution of the US medical education system has resulted in a focus on outcomes,national standards, national accreditation, and competent physicians to provide safe and effective are.

关键词： Accreditation Standardization Milestones Outcomes Competency

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