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Extremely thin but very robust:Surprising cryptogam trait combinations at the end of the leaf economics spectrum

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Plant Diversity 2024年第5期46卷 621-629页

作者： Tana Wuyun Lu Zhang Tiina Tosens Bin Liu Kristiina Mark joséÁngel Morales-Sanchez jesamine jöneva Rikisahedew Vivian Kuusk Ülo Niinemets Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Estonian University of Life SciencesKreutzwaldi 1Tartu 51014Estonia College of Landscape and Architecture Zhejiang A&F University666 Wusu StreetHangzhou 311300China Estonian Academy of Sciences Kohtu 6Tallinn 10130Estonia

Leaf economics spectrum(LES)describes the fundamental trade-offs between leaf structural,chemical,and physiological ***,structurally robust thick leaves with high leaf dry mass per unit area(LMA)exhibit lower photosynthetic capacity per dry mass(Amass).Paradoxically,“soft and thinleaved”mosses and spikemosses have very low Amass,but due to minute-size foliage elements,their LMA and its components,leaf thickness(LT)and density(LD),have not been systematically ***,we characterized LES and associated traits in cryptogams in unprecedented details,covering five evolutionarily different *** found that mosses and spikemosses had the lowest LMA and LT values ever measured for terrestrial *** a broad range of species from different lineages,Amass and LD were negatively *** contrast,Amass was only related to LMA when LMA was greater than 14 g cm^(-2).In fact,low Amass reflected high LD and cell wall thickness in the studied *** conclude that evolutionarily old plant lineages attained poorly differentiated,ultrathin mesophyll by increasing *** plant lineages,LD,not LMA,is the trait that represents the trade-off between leaf robustness and physiology in the LES.

关键词： Investment strategy Leaf density Leaf structural traits LMA estimation bias Non-seed plants Trait trade-offs

An Application of Microwave Pre-oxidation in Improving Gold Recovery of a Refractory Gold Ore

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Rare Metals 2000年第3期19卷 161-171页

作者：黄建辉 University of Birmingham 美国 Birmingham B151TT

Microwave radiation was employed as a pretreating technology to oxidise a refractory gold ore. Heating characteristics showed that, in an identical microwave field, the bulk temperature of the sample increased with microwave power, microwave radiation time and particle size. The rate of sulphur removal increased with microwave radiation time. Particle size also had a significant effect on the oxidation rate. Pyrite and marcasite could be oxidised into Fe 2O 3 with a high porous structure. When microwave radiation was carried out in a rotary bed, the oxidation was more uniformly developed, in comparison with in a fixed bed. Gold extraction by cyanidation could be remarkably improved after the ore was subjected to microwave radiation. The results showed that gold recovery could be improved from 37% to 69%～ 81.2 %.

关键词： Microwave radiation Oxidation Refractory gold ore Recovery

Numerical analysis of high‑speed railway slab tracks using calibrated and validated 3D time‑domain modelling

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Railway Engineering Science 2024年第1期32卷 36-58页

作者： A.F.Esen O.Laghrouche P.K.Woodward D.Medina‑Pineda Q.Corbisez j.Y.Shih D.P.Connolly Institute for High‑Speed Rail and System Integration University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK Institute for Infrastructure and Environment Heriot-Watt UniversityEdinburgh EH144ASUK Alstom Transport Saint‑OuenFrance Birmingham Centre for Railway Research and Education University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK

Concrete slabs are widely used in modern railways to increase the inherent resilient quality of the tracks,provide safe and smooth rides,and reduce the maintenance *** this paper,the elastic performance of a novel slab trackform for high-speed railways is investigated using three-dimensional finite element modelling in *** is then compared to the performance of a ballasted ***,slab and ballasted track models are developed to replicate the full-scale testing of track *** the models are calibrated with the experimental results,the novel slab model is developed and compared against the calibrated slab track *** slab and ballasted track models are then extended to create linear dynamic models,considering the track geodynamics,and simulating train passages at various speeds,for which the Ledsgard documented case was used to validate the *** travelling at low and high speeds are analysed to investigate the track deflections and the wave propagation in the soil,considering the issues associated with critical *** train loading methods are discussed,and the most practical approach is retained and ***,correlations are made between the geotechnical parameters of modern high-speed rail and conventional *** is found that considering the same ground condition,the slab track deflections are considerably smaller than those of the ballasted track at high speeds,while they show similar behaviour at low speeds.

关键词： High-speed railways Slab track New ballastless track Ballasted track Critical speeds Finite element modelling Calibration of numerical models

Management of distal cholangiocarcinoma with arterial involvement: Systematic review and case series on the role of neoadjuvant therapy

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World journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第8期16卷 2689-2701页

作者： Lewis A Hall Duncan Loader Santiago Gouveia Marta Burak james Halle-Smith Peter Labib Moath Alarabiyat Ravi Marudanayagam Bobby V Dasari Keith j Roberts Syed S Raza Michail Papamichail David C Bartlett Robert P Sutcliffe Nikolaos A Chatzizacharias Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirmingham B152GWUnited Kingdom Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom College of Medical and Dental Sciences University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom Institute of Clinical Sciences University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND The use of neoadjuvant therapy(NAT)in distal cholangiocarcinoma(dCCA)with regional arterial or extensive venous involvement,is not widely accepted and evidence is *** To synthesise evidence on NAT for dCCA and present the experience of a highvolume tertiary-centre managing dCCA with arterial *** A systematic review was performed according to PRISMA guidance to identify all studies reporting outcomes of patients with dCCA who received *** patients from 2017 to 2022 who were referred for NAT for dCCA at our centre were retrospectively collected from a prospectively maintained *** characteristics,NAT type,progression to surgery and oncological outcomes were *** Twelve studies were *** definition of“unresectable”locally advanced dCCA was *** studies reported outcomes for 9 patients who received NAT for dCCA with extensive vascular involvement.R0 resection rate ranged between 0 and 100%but without survival benefit in most *** studies considered either NAT in resectable dCCA or inclusive with extrahepatic *** presented case series includes 9 patients(median age 67,IQR 56-74 years,male:female 5:4)referred for NAT for borderline resectable or locally advanced *** patients progressed to surgery and 2 were *** patient died at 14 months with evidence of recurrence at 6 months and the other died at 51 months following recurrence 6 months *** Evidence for benefit of NAT is *** on criteria for uniform definition of resectability for dCCA is *** propose using the established National-Comprehensive-Cancer-Network®criteria for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

关键词： Cholangiocarcinoma Neoadjuvant therapy Arterial involvement Locally advanced Systematic review

Oligomerization of baculovirus LEF-11 is involved in viral DNA replication

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Oligomerization of baculovirus LEF-11 is involved in viral D...

Positron emission particle tracking——Application and labelling techniques

第十二届家（柞）蚕遗传育种暨良种繁育学术研讨会

作者： Dong ZQ Hu N Zhang j Chen tt Cao MY Li HQ Lei Xj Chen P Lu C Pan MH State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology Southwest University Institutes of Life Sciences Chongqing Medical University Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry Southwest University

We have previously reported that baculovirus Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus(BmNPV) late expression factor 11(lef-11) is associated with viral DNA replication and have demonstrated that it potentially interacts with itself;however, whether LEF-11 forms oligomers and the impact of LEF-11 oligomerization on viral function have not been substantiated. In this study, we first demonstrated that LEF-11 is capable of forming oligomers. Additionally, a series of analyses using Bm NPV LEF-11 truncation mutants indicated that two distinct domains control LEF-11 oligomerization(aa 42-61 and aa 72-101). LEF-11 truncation constructs were inserted into a lef-11-knockout Bm NPV bacmid, which was used to demonstrate that truncated LEF-11 lacking either oligomerization domain abrogates viral DNA replication. Finally, site-directed mutagenesis was used to determine that the conserved hydrophobic residues Y58&I59(representing Y58 and I59), I85 and L88&L89(representing L88 and L89) are required for LEF-11 oligomerization and viral DNA replication. Collectively, these data indicate that Bm NPV LEF-11 oligomerization influences viral DNA replication.

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Particuology 2008年第1期6卷 16-23页

作者： David j. Parker School of Physics and Astronomy the University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK

The positron emission particle tracking （PEPT） technique has been widely used in science and engineering to obtain detailed information on the motion and flow fields of fluids or granular materials in multiphase systems, for example, fluids in rock cracks, chemical reactors and food processors; dynamic behaviour of granular materials in chemical reactors, granulators, mixers, dryers, rotating kilns and ball mills. The information obtained by the PEPT technique can be used to optimise the design, operational conditions for a wide range of industrial process systems, and to evaluate modelling work. The technique is based on tracking radioactively labelled particles （up to three particles） by detecting the pairs of backto-back 511 keV γ-rays arising from annihilation of emitted positrons. It therefore involves a positron camera, location algorithms for calculating the tracer location and speed, and tracer labelling techniques. This paper will review the particle tracking technique from tracking algorithm, tracer labelling to their application.

关键词： PEPT Tracer Algorithm Tracking

Double Fertilization in Arabidopsis thaliana Involves a Polyspermy Block on the Egg but Not the Central Cell

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Molecular Plant 2008年第4期1卷 611-619页

作者： Rod j. Scott Susan j. Armstrong james Doughty Melissa Spielman Department of Biology and Biochemistry University of Bath Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY United Kingdom School of Biosciences The University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT United Kingdom

In animal reproduction, thousands of sperm may compete to fertilize a single egg, but polyspermy blocks prevent multiple fertilization that would otherwise lead to death of the embryo. In flowering plants, successful seed development requires that only two sperm are delivered to the embryo sac, where each must fertilize a female gamete （egg or central cell） to produce the embryo and endosperm. Therefore, polyspermy must be avoided, not only to prevent abnormalities in offspring, but to ensure double fertilization. It is not understood how each sperm fertilizes only one female gamete, nor has the existence of polyspermy barriers been directly tested in vivo. Here, we sought evidence for poly- spermy blocks in angiosperms using the polyspermic tetraspore （tes） mutant of Arabidopsis, which allows in-vivo challenge of egg and central cell with multiple male gametes. We show that tes mutant pollen tubes can transmit more than one sperm pair to an embryo sac, and that sperm from more than one pair can participate in fertilization. We detected endosperms but not embryos with ploidies that could only result from multiple fertilization. Our results therefore demonstrate an in-vivo polyspermy block on the egg, but not the central cell of a flowering plant.

关键词： Double Fertilization Arabidopsis thaliana Involves Polyspermy Block Central Cell

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莫西沙星在人麻风病中的有效抗菌活性

中国感染与化疗杂志 2010年第3期10卷 208-208页

作者： Pardillo FE Burgos j Fajardo tt 康悦吴菊芳

一项临床试验结果显示,莫西沙星治疗8例麻风杆菌感染者获满意疗效.受试者用药方案为:单剂口服莫西沙星400 mg,停药7 d后从第8天起每日口服莫西沙星400 mg至第56天.所有受试者分别在治疗前、治疗第7、14、28和56天,进行皮肤活检,并将获... 详细信息

一项临床试验结果显示,莫西沙星治疗8例麻风杆菌感染者获满意疗效.受试者用药方案为:单剂口服莫西沙星400 mg,停药7 d后从第8天起每日口服莫西沙星400 mg至第56天.所有受试者分别在治疗前、治疗第7、14、28和56天,进行皮肤活检,并将获得的麻风分枝杆菌,按照3组不同的菌量分别接种到小鼠的脚垫上.8和12个月后观察麻风分枝杆菌的生长情况,并且与治疗前(第0天)比较.

关键词：莫西沙星抗菌活性麻风病麻风分枝杆菌治疗前临床试验麻风杆菌用药方案

不同膳食蛋白摄入量与男性心力衰竭风险的关系:Kuopio缺血性心脏病风险因子研究

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中华高血压杂志 2018年第7期26卷 633-633页

作者：刘莉叶鹏 Virtanen HEK Voutilainen S Koskinen tt Mursu j Tuomainen TP Virtanen jK

已证实动物和植物蛋白摄入量与心血管病死亡风险有相反的相关性,但膳食蛋白是否与心力衰竭风险相关尚不清楚。为此,Virtanen等研究了不同食物来源的蛋白与心力衰竭风险的关系。研究包括了1984-1989年在Kuopio缺血性心脏病风险因子研究... 详细信息

已证实动物和植物蛋白摄入量与心血管病死亡风险有相反的相关性,但膳食蛋白是否与心力衰竭风险相关尚不清楚。为此,Virtanen等研究了不同食物来源的蛋白与心力衰竭风险的关系。研究包括了1984-1989年在Kuopio缺血性心脏病风险因子研究中基线年龄42-60岁的男性2441人,根据4d的膳食记录评估基线时的蛋白质摄入量,自国家登记处获取心力衰竭病例的数据。

关键词：蛋白质摄入量缺血性心脏病风险因子心力衰竭植物蛋白膳食记录男性死亡风险