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Epidemiological Study of Ametropia at the CHU-BSS of Kati

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Surgical Science 2024年第9期15卷 507-513页

作者： Daouda Konaté bréhi.a Mariko Sanata Sogoba Maimouna Yattara Lucienne Dembélé Daouda Doumbia Abdramane traoré Claude Oumar Bernard Camara Aminata Kouma Koniba Keita Abdoulaye Napo Fatoumata Sylla Lamine traoré Bocar Sidy Sall University Hospital (CHU-BSS) of Kati Kati Mail University Hospital-Institute of Tropical Ophthalmology of Africa (CHU-IOTA) Bamako Mali Mali Hospital Bamako Mali International Center of Ophthalmology of Mali (CIOM) Bamako Mali National Eye Care Program Bamako Mali

Introduction: Ametropias or refractive errors are pathologies commonly encountered in ophthalmology characterized by the projection on the retina of a blurry image. There are several types of ametropia and each of them has a specific means of correction. In the literature, numerous data have been reported on the issue through studies that were mostly carried out on infant populations. To better treat ametropia in a more formal way, it is important to know their general characteristics within a larger population, hence the present investigation, the aim of which is to carry out an epidemiological study of ametropia at the Kati University Hospital-BSS. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out at Kati University Hospital-BSS between January 1 and December 31, 2022 and included 663 ametropic patients of all ages. Results: During the study period, 663 cases of ametropia were diagnosed out of 1678 new consultations, representing an incidence of 39.51%. Patients aged between 21 and 40 years were more affected. Depending on the type, these ametropias were dominated by compound astigmatism with 68.75% followed by isolated hyperopia and isolated astigmatism. Visual fatigue was the most mentioned reason for consultation. The female gender was in the majority with 70.9%. Low ametropia (Discussion: The growing visual needs of young people, especially with new information and communication technologies, would push them to consult the ophthalmologist more, and therefore to want optical correction in the event of a refractive anomaly, which would partly explain their high frequency in this age group. Conclusion: It is important to know the general characteristics of ametropia in the general population in order to improve the quality of life of patients affected by it through efficient therapeutic solutions.

关键词： Epidemiology Ametropia University Hospital Kati

Reactions of Maruca Resistant Transgenic Cowpea to Cowpea Aphid-Borne Mosaic Virus

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 742-753页

作者： Mounyratou Rabo Moustapha Ouédraogo Orokia Coulibaly Assita traoré-Barro Salimata traoré Teyioue Benoit Joseph Batieno Chantal Kaboré-Zoungrana Aboubacar Toguyeni Oumar traoré Laboratoire National de Bioscurit Agence Nationale de Bioscurit (ANB) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institut de lEnvironnement et Recherches Agricoles Dpartement Productions Vgtales Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire dEtudes et de Recherches sur les Ressources Naturelles et les Sciences de lEnvironnement (LERNSE) Universit Nazi BONI Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Laboratoire De Gntique et Amlioration Des Plantes (LAGAMEP) Institut de lEnvironnement et Recherches Agricoles Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire De Protection et Dfense Des Cultures (LAPRODEC) Institut de lEnvironnement et Recherches Agricoles Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. [Walp.]) in one of the main grain legumes contributing to food security and poverty alleviation in Sub-Saharan Africa. To control the highly damaging legume pod borer Maruca vitrata F., transgenic cowpea lines expressing the insecticidal Cry1Ab Bt protein were developed. In this study, we evaluated the impact of Cry1Ab transgene expression on the susceptibility of four cowpea lines (named IT97K-T, IT98K-T, Gourgou-T and Nafi-T) and their respective non-transgenic near isogenic lines (IT97K, IT98K, Gourgou and Nafi) to Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (CABMV) in greenhouse conditions. In a preliminary quality control test by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the presence of Cry1Ab protein in transgenic seed lots ranged from 59% to 72%, with no significant differences among the lines (χ2 = 3.26;p = 0.35). Upon virus inoculation, all cowpea lines exhibited mosaic symptoms with similar severity between 7- and 11-day post-inoculation. No significant differences were observed in symptom severity. Significant differences were found between cowpea lines for time of symptom onset, virus accumulation in plants and days to 50% flowering. However, while comparing pairs of transgenic lines and corresponding non-transgenic lines, virus accumulation showed not significant differences whatever the pair. Time of symptom onset and days to 50% flowering did not also differ significantly between pairs of cowpea lines except Nafi/Nafi-T in which transgenic Nafi-T showed earlier symptoms (7.4 ± 0.7 vs. 8.9 ± 0.8 days post-inoculation) and shorter flowering time (37.3 ± 0.6 vs. 42 ± 1.7 days after sowing). Overall, these findings improve our understanding of the effects of Cry1Ab gene mediated genetic modification on cowpea infection by Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus, with potential implications for environmental safety assessment.

关键词： Cowpea Cry1Ab Cowpea Aphid-Borne Mosaic Virus Environmental Safety

Experimental Investigation of the Stability of the Performance Characteristics of a Photovoltaic Module in the Face of Environmental and Meteorological Factors

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 589-608页

作者： Adingra Paul Arsène Kouassi Siaka Touré Diakaridja traoré Laboratoire des Sciences de la Matière de l’Environnement et de l’Energie Solaire (LASMES) Unité de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences des Structures de la Matière et Technologie (UFR-SSMT) Université Félix Houphou&#235t Boigny Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

The explosive technological improvement of photovoltaic systems as well as the necessity of populations to come to less expensive energy sources, that have led to an implosion at the level of solar panel manufacturers. This causes a large flow of these equipments to developing countries where the need is high, without any quality control. That conducted an experimental investigation on the performance characteristics of a 250 wp monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic module in other to check the verification and quality control. Most of these PV panels which often have missing informations are manufactured and tested in places that are inadequate for our environmental and meteorological conditions. Also, their influences on the stability of internal parameters were evaluated in order to optimize their performance. The results obtained at maximum illumination (1000 w/m2) confirmed those produced by the manufacturer. The analysis of these characteristics showed that the illumination and the temperature (meteorological factors) influenced at most the stability of the internal characteristics of the module in the sense that the maximum power increased very rapidly beyond 750 w/m2 but a degradation of performance was accentuated for a temperature of the solar cells exceeding 50°C. The degradation coefficients were evaluated at -0.0864 V/°C for the voltage and at -1.6248 w/°C for the power. The 10° inclination angle of the solar panel proved to be ideal for optimizing overall efficiency in practical situations.

关键词： Renewables Energies Instruments Internal Parameters of Photovoltaic Panel Monocrystalline Photovoltaic Panel Solar Energy Production Energy Intermittence

Epidemiological and Anatomo Path Ological Aspects of Stomach Cancers at the Koutiala District Hospital

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Surgical Science 2024年第7期15卷 444-450页

作者： Mahamadou Coulibaly Souleymane Sanogo Samuel Kletigui Dembélé Moussa Diassana brehi.a Ballo Cheick Aka Waigalo bréhi.a Bengaly Birama Togola Drissa traoré Nouhoum Ongoiba Faculty of Medicine University of Science Technique and Technologies of Bamako Bamako Mali Department of Surgery Koutiala Hospital Bamako Mali Department of Surgery University Hospital Center Point G Bamako Mali Department of Surgery Tominian Hospital Tominian Mali Department of Surgery Sikasso Hospital Sikasso Mali

Aim: This paper aims to evaluate the epidemiological and pathological aspects of stomach cancer at Koutiala District Hospital. Methods: This was a retrospective study carried out in the General Surgery Department of the Koutiala District Hospital Health Centre. The records of patients admitted for stomach cancer in the period from August 1, 2017 to December 31, 2022 were collected. Patients who underwent surgery for stomach cancer were included in the study. Patients who had not undergone surgery were excluded. Results: We collected records from 40 patients operated on for stomach cancer. The median age was 58.4 years ± 5.7. Men were in the majority with 72.5% The sex ratio was 2.6. The incidence rate of stomach cancer in the general population in the circle was 4.9 cases per 100,000 population. Patients had a history of gastric ulcer in 90%, Helicobacter pylori infection in 47.5% and a notion of excessive salt consumption in 47.5%. The median duration of disease progression was 5 years ± 2.3. The seat was antro-pyloric in 77.5%. The cancer was ulcerative budding in 23 patients. Adenocarcinoma was the histological type in all patients. The cancer was classified as stage III in 30 cases and stage IV in 10 cases. Palliative surgical treatment was the most performed (47.5%). Postoperative morbidity was 15% and mortality was 42.5% at one year. Conclusion: Stomach cancer is common in the ward. Most patients consult at the stage of metastasis. Palliative surgery remains the most practical. Postoperative morbidity and mortality is very high.

关键词： Epidemiology Stomach Cancer Koutiala

Hysterectomies for Gynaecological Pathology: 56 Cases at the Segou Regional Hospital in Mali

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第9期14卷 1363-1373页

作者： Tidiani traoré Famakan Kané Abdoulaye Kassogué Seydou traoré Seydou Z. Dao Balilé Harber Sory Diallo Kassoun Sidibé brahi.a Donigolo Babou traoré Adama Coulibaly Abdrahamane Diarisso Alima Sidibé Mamadou Sima Augustin Théra Youssouf traoré Ibrahi.a Teguété Niani Mounkoro Ministry of Health in Bamako Nianakoro Fomba Hospital Segou Mali Regional Health Department of Segou District Hospital Bla Mali Regional Health Department of Koutiala Reference Health Center Koutiala Mali Regional Health Department of Bamako Reference Health Center Commune II Bamako Mali Ministry of Health in Bamako Fousseyni Daou Hospital Kayes Mali Ministry of Health in Bamako Point G University Hospital Center Bamako Mali Ministry of Health in Bamako Gabriel Toure University Hospital Center Bamako Mali

Introduction: Hysterectomy is a surgical procedure involving partial or total removal of the uterus. It is the most common gynaecological surgery in the world. Objective: To describe the epidemio-clinical and prognostic aspects of gynaecological hysterectomies. Patients and methods: This was an 18-month retrospective prospective descriptive study with a six-month follow-up period from 1 December 2020 to 31 May 2022 carried out in the gynaecology department of the Segou regional hospital. Results: Fifty-six (56) hysterectomies were performed out of 118 gynaecological surgical procedures (47.45%). The mean age was 47 ± 11.77 years. Large multiparous women were the most common (50%), with an average parity of 4.58. The main indications were uterine fibroids (30.4%), precancerous lesions of the cervix (17.85%) and uterine prolapse (17.85%). The abdominal route was the most commonly used surgical route (82.14%). Hysterectomy was total in 100% of cases and associated with bilateral adnexectomy in 48.2% of cases. The intra- and post-operative prognosis was satisfactory in 94.6% of cases. No deaths were recorded. The average length of stay was 3.28 days, irrespective of the surgical approach. Three cases of dyspareunia were noted among those who had resumed sexual activity.

关键词： Hysterectomy Gynaecological Pathology Mali

Prevalence, Maternal and Perinatal Prognosis of breech Delivery Compared to That of the Vertex in 242 Cases for 484 Controls at Ségou Hospital in Malti

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第9期14卷 1414-1421页

作者： Tidiani traoré Famakan Kané Abdoulaye Kassogué Seydou traoré Seydou Z. Dao Balilé Harber Sabré Koné Kassoum Sidibé brahi.a Donigolo Babou traoré Adama Coulibaly Abdrhamane Diarisso Alima Sidibé Mamadou Sima Augustin Théra Youssouf traoré Ibrahi.a Teguété Niani Mounkoro Ministry of Health in Bamako Nianakoro Fomba Hospital Segou Mali Regional Health Department of Segou District Hospital Bla Mali Regional Health Department of Koutiala Reference Health Center Koutiala Mali Regional Health Department of Bamako Reference Health Center Commune II Bamako Mali Ministry of Health in Bamako Fousseyni Daou Hospital Kayes Mali Ministry of Health in Bamako Point G University Hospital Center Bamako Mali Ministry of Health in Bamako Gabriel Toure University Hospital Center Bamako Mali

Introduction: breech birth has always been a subject of great interest because of its risks of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Aim: The aim of our study was to compare the maternal and perinatal prognosis of breech delivery with that of vertex delivery. Patients and Method: This was a retrospective case-control analytical study carried out in the obstetrics and gynaecology department of Ségou hospital over a 2-year period from 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2021, involving 242 breech deliveries compared with 484 top deliveries with a live single foetus without foetal malformation of gestational age ≥ 35 SA. The statistical tests used were: chi² (p Results: The frequency of breech delivery was 3.3%, with a predominance of caesarean section for breech presentation (64.88%) compared with 32.85% for vertex (P: 0.00;CI: (0.191 - 0.367). The perinatal prognosis of fetuses with breech presentations was marked by a higher rate of neonatal asphyxia (Apgar score Conclusion: breech birth is relatively rare in our department. It carries a higher risk of maternal morbidity and neonatal morbidity than breech delivery. However, the vital prognosis for the mother was identical in both groups.

关键词： Delivery breech Vertex Prognosis Mali

Incidences and Risk Factors for Surgical Site Infections in Koutiala, Mali

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Surgical Science 2024年第7期15卷 465-469页

作者： Mahamadou Coulibaly Moussa Diassana Issiaka Diarra bréhi.a Bengaly Birama Togola Drissa Ouattara Souleymane Sanogo Samuel Kletigui Dembélé Cheick Aka Waigalo brehi.a Ballo Drissa traoré Nouhoum Ongoiba Faculty of Medicine University of Science Technique and Technologies of Bamako Bamako Mali Department of Surgery Koutiala Hospital Koutiala Mali Department of Surgery Sikasso Hospital Sikasso Mali Dpartement de Chirurgie Hpital Commune I Bamako Mali Department of Surgery University Hospital Center Point G Bamako Mali Department of Surgery Tominian Hospital Tominian Mali

Purpose: This paper aims to assess the incidences and risk factors for surgical site (ISO) infections in the general surgery department of the Koutiala District Hospital. Patients and Methods: This was a prospective and descriptive study from August 1, 2017 to October 31, 2020 involving all patients who underwent laparotomy in the general surgery department of the Koutiala District Hospital. Patients who were not operated on and who did not have a laparotomy were not included. Age, sex, frequency, patient history, National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) index, time to occur, bacteriological test results and course of infection were analyzed. Results: Fifty patients were registered. The average age was 34.2 ± 21.2 years old. Eleven patients were 60 years old or older. The hospital incidence rate was 4.3% and the community incidence rate was 6.1 cases per 100,000 population. The concept of smoking was noted in 15 patients. Patients were operated on in emergency 84% of cases. Peritonitis was the most common initial lesion with 32% of cases. Our patients had an NNIS index greater than 0 in 84% of cases. The time to develop infection from the surgical site was less than 3 days in 8 patients (16% of cases). Depending on the depth of the infection, it was superficial (cutaneous) in 39 patients (78%) and deep (subcutaneous and organic) in 11 patients (22%). Escherichia coli was the most common germ with 72% followed by staphylococcus aureus at 24%. We noted 22% morbidity. The median length of hospitalization was 9 ± 2.2 days. Conclusion: ISO is common in our service. Prevention and mastery require knowledge of risk factors.

关键词： Surgical Site Infection Incidence Risk Factors Surgery

Management of Acute Myeloblastic Leukaemia (AML) Treated with Intensive Chemotherapy: Experience in a Single Centre

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期14卷 401-411页

作者： Abdoul Karim Doumbia Hawa Konaré Tati Simaga Pierre Togo Oumoulkairi Nana Kouma Hawa Gouro Diall Oumar Coulibaly Adama Dembélé Mohamed Elmouloud Cissé Karamoko Sacko Belco Maiga Aminata Doumbia Kalirou traoré Ibrahi.a Cissé Boury traoré Abdoul Aziz Diakité Fousseyni traoré Boubacar Togo Department of Pediatrics University Hospital Gabriel Touré Bamako Mali

Introduction: Acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AML) is a haematological malignancy with a poor prognosis, despite significant therapeutic progress. This study presents the results of AML management in Mali according to GFAOP recommendations. Methodology: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional study. It included patients aged 0 - 15 years treated in the paediatric oncology unit for AML and followed up between January 2016 and December 2020. Results: During the study period, 85 cases of acute leukaemia were diagnosed in the paediatric oncology unit (including 51 cases of ALL), of which 34 cases of AML were included in this study. The majority were boys (59%). The mean age was 8 years, with extremes of 18 months and 15 years. The mean time to diagnosis was 68 days. In 79% of cases, patients were referred by 1st or 2nd level hospitals. Anaemia was observed in 91% of cases, an infectious syndrome in 68%, haemorrhage in 56% and a tumour syndrome in 85%. The haemogram showed hyperleukocytosis in 15% of cases, thrombocytosis in 22% and severe anaemia in 73%. Death occurred in 85% of cases, most often in the context of sepsis or haemorrhage. Conclusion: AML is probably underestimated in Mali and diagnosis delayed, which may be explained by patient-related factors (lack of knowledge, financial constraints) and a cumbersome referral system. These results suggest the need to implement an appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic strategy, with strong involvement of the political authorities.

关键词： Acute Myeloblastic Leukaemia Children Mali

Opinions of Students on the Contribution of the DIVA 3D Virtual Dissection Table to the Teaching of Anatomy at the Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology of Bamako

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Forensic Medicine and Anatomy Research 2024年第2期12卷 13-25页

作者： Abdoulaye Kanté Tata Touré Ousmane Toumany Chérif Haidara Uhl Jean François Mariam Daou Mamadou A. Keita Bakary Keïta bréhi.a Bengaly Drissa traoré Adégné Togo Nouhoum Ongoïba Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology of Bamako Bamako Mali University of Paris Descartes Paris France Department of Neurology The Gabriel Tour&#233 University Hospital Bamako Mali Department of General Surgery The Kati Health Center Bamako Mali Anesthesia-Resuscitation Service Commune I Reference Health Center Bamako Bamako Mali Department of General Surgery The Gabriel Tour&#233 University Hospital Bamako Mali

Objective: Study the contribution of the DIVA 3D dissection table in the teaching of anatomy at the Faculty of Medicine and Odontology of Bamako. Material and Methods: This was a qualitative study carried out from November 1 to December 30, 2023 at the clinical and morphological anatomy laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology of Bamako. Included in this study were students who participated in practical and tutorial sessions. The variables studied during this study were: the previous performance of dissection on a cadaver by the students, the opinion of the students on dissection on a cadaver, the replacement of dissection on a cadaver by virtual dissection in the absence of a body, the level student satisfaction. Results: We surveyed 130 participants. The average age was 22 ± 0.2 years with extremes of 17 and 29 years. 95.3% of participants were students. According to 66.7% of participants, virtual dissection is a good palliative in the absence of a corpse. 95.3% of participants found using the virtual dissection table easy with an average of 7.88 ± 1.4. The overall assessment was well rated by 99.3% of participants. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the virtual dissection table should be improved by integrating commented videos. The use of the DIVA 3D virtual dissection table during practical and tutorial sessions is well appreciated by the students. We believe that the teaching of anatomy using 3D digital technology should be included in the study programs of the Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology.

关键词： Student Opinion Contribution DIVA 3D Virtual Dissection Table Anatomy Teaching FMOS