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Planted forest is catching up with natural forest in China in terms of carbon density and carbon storage

Fundamental Research 2022年第5期2卷 688-696页

作者： boyi liang Jia Wang Zheyuan Zhang Jia Zhang Junping Zhang Elizabeth L.Cressey Zong Wang College of Forestry Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Precision Forestry Key Laboratory of Beijing Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Mapping and 3S Technology Center Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Geography College of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterEX44RJUK

Over the last several decades,China has taken multiple measures for afforestation and natural forest protection,including setting the goal of carbon neutrality by the middle of 21th century.In order to support the practice of relevant policies from the scientific perspective,it is essential to precisely estimate the carbon storage of arbor forest,as it plays an important role in the carbon cycle of ecosystems.In this study,we first used the latest four phases of national forest inventory data to investigate the variation of carbon storage for both natural and planted arbor forest in China during the covered period(1999-2018).Then we used machine leaning methods to simulate the carbon density based on various kinds of environmental factors and analyzed the contribution of each influencing factor.Our results demonstrate that the total carbon storage for arbor forest in China kept increasing over the last two decades,but this increment was mainly brought about by the continuous expansion of forest land.The gap of carbon sequestration between natural forest and planted forest showed a significant trend of reduction.Additionally,tree age was identified as the dominant factor for influencing the spatiotemporal variation of carbon density among all the independent variables while the impact of climatic factor was limited.Therefore,the future improvement of carbon sequestration of arbor forest in should mainly rely on additional projects of afforestation,reforestation,green space conservation and reduction of emissions in China.Conclusions of this study have important implications for policy makers and other stakeholders to evaluate the previous achievement of environmental projects and can also help to set future plans and finally realize the goals of carbon neutrality.

关键词： National forestry inventory Forest stand volume Carbon storage Carbon density Machine learning

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大规模人工造林是否会加剧中国北方土壤水分亏缺?

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Science Bulletin 2024年第10期69卷 1506-1514页

作者：王秋铭刘鸿雁梁博毅石亮伍露曹静 College of Urban and Environmental Sciences and PKU Saihanba StationPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China College of Forestry Precision Forestry Key Laboratory of BejingBejing Forestry UniversityBeijing 10083China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China China Meteorological Administration Training Center Beijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Eco-process and Function AssessmentChinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China

Trading water for carbon has cautioned large-scale afforestation in global drylands.However,model simulations suggested that the consumption of soil water could be partially offset by increasing precipitation due to vegetation feedback.A systematic meta-analysis of long-term and large-scale field observations is urgently required to address the abovementioned limitations,and the implementation of large-scale afforestation since 1978 in northern China provides an ideal example.This study collected data comprising 1226 observations from 98 sites in northern China to assess the variation in soil water content(SWC)with stand age after afforestation and discuss the effects of tree species,precipitation and conversions of land use types on SWC.We found that the SWC has been decreased by coniferous forest and broadleaf forest at rates of 0.6 and 3.2 mm decade-1,respectively,since 1978.There is a significant declining trend of SWC with the stand age of plantations,and the optimum growth stage for plantation forest is 0-20 a in northern China.However,we found increases in SWC for the conversion from grassland to forest and in the low-precipitation region,both are corresponding to the increased SWC in coniferous forest.Our study implies that afforestation might lead to a soil water deficit crisis in northern China in the long term at the regional scale but depends on prior land use types,tree taxa and the mean annual precipitation regime,which sheds light on decision-making regarding ecological restoration policies and water resource management in drylands.

关键词： Soil water Afforestation Tree planting Land use changes Arid and semiarid area

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蛋白质磷酸化修饰及其在细胞周期调控中的作用研究进展

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北京师范大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第1期60卷 38-45页

作者：谭锬柯柏怡梁前进南华大学衡阳医学院生物化学与分子生物学教研室湖南衡阳北京师范大学生命科学学院抗性基因资源与分子发育生物学北京市重点实验室/细胞增殖与调控生物学教育部重点实验室北京

细胞周期是真核生物实现细胞分裂与增殖、从母代向子代传递遗传信息的连续过程.真核细胞通过蛋白质水平的周期性调控完成细胞的分裂与增殖,细胞周期的紊乱常与肿瘤等疾病密切相关.蛋白质磷酸化修饰是细胞周期进程中一种主要的调控方式,... 详细信息

细胞周期是真核生物实现细胞分裂与增殖、从母代向子代传递遗传信息的连续过程.真核细胞通过蛋白质水平的周期性调控完成细胞的分裂与增殖,细胞周期的紊乱常与肿瘤等疾病密切相关.蛋白质磷酸化修饰是细胞周期进程中一种主要的调控方式,可以改变蛋白质的分子结构,影响其与其他分子间的相互作用,从而调节相关分子的生物学活性及功能.细胞周期相关蛋白的磷酸化与非磷酸化状态的改变犹如“分子开关”,精细地控制着周期进程和细胞分裂系列事件.周期相关蛋白质的多位点磷酸化机制研究是磷酸化研究的一个热点.本文综合评述细胞周期调控进程中部分重要蛋白的磷酸化修饰机制,总结了近年来细胞周期领域中蛋白质磷酸化修饰方面的新发现、新突破,为进一步深入理解蛋白质磷酸化及细胞周期调控机制提供参考.

关键词：蛋白质磷酸化蛋白激酶细胞周期蛋白去磷酸化蛋白磷酸酶

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Air Pollution Exposure Based on Nighttime Light Remote Sensing and Multi-source Geographic Data in Beijing

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Chinese Geographical Science 2023年第2期33卷 320-332页

作者： ZHANG Zheyuan WANG Jia XIONG Nina liang boyi WANG Zong Beijing Forestry University Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision ForestryBeijing 100083China Beijing Forestry University Institute of GISRS&GPSBeijing 100083China Beijing Municipal Institute of City Management Beijing 100028China Beijing Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Wastes Testing Analysis and Evaluation Beijing 100028China

Air pollution is a problem that directly affects human health,the global environment and the climate.The air quality index(AQI)indicates the degree of air pollution and effect on human health;however,when assessing air pollution only based on AQI monitoring data the fact that the same degree of air pollution is more harmful in more densely populated areas is ignored.In the present study,multi-source data were combined to map the distribution of the AQI and population data,and the analyze their pollution population exposure of Beijing in 2018 was analyzed.Machine learning based on the random forest algorithm was adopted to calculate the monthly average AQI of Beijing in 2018.Using Luojia-1 nighttime light remote sensing data,population statistics data,the population of Beijing in 2018 and point of interest data,the distribution of the permanent population in Beijing was estimated with a high precision of 200 m×200 m.Based on the spatialization results of the AQI and population of Beijing,the air pollution exposure levels in various parts of Beijing were calculated using the population-weighted pollution exposure level(PWEL)formula.The results show that the southern region of Beijing had a more serious level of air pollution,while the northern region was less polluted.At the same time,the population was found to agglomerate mainly in the central city and the peripheric areas thereof.In the present study,the exposure of different districts and towns in Beijing to pollution was analyzed,based on high resolution population spatialization data,it could take the pollution exposure issue down to each individual town.And we found that towns with higher exposure such as Yongshun Town,Shahe Town and Liyuan Town were all found to have a population of over 200000 which was much higher than the median population of townships of51741 in Beijing.Additionally,the change trend of air pollution exposure levels in various regions of Beijing in 2018 was almost the same,with the peak value being in winter and the lowest value being in

关键词： air quality index(AQI) population pollution exposure nighttime light remote sensing Luojia-1 random forest

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Rational Design of High-Performance Bilayer Solar Evaporator by Using Waste Polyester-Derived Porous Carbon-Coated Wood

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2022年第2期5卷 617-626页

作者： Ning Liu liang Hao boyi Zhang Ran Niu Jiang Gong Tao Tang Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage Ministry of EducationHubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service FailureHubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China

Wood-based bilayer solar evaporators,which possess cooperative advantages of natural wood and photothermal conversion coating including fast water transportation,low heat conduction,renewability,and high light absorbability,hold great promise for water purification.However,previous studies suffer from low evaporation rates and high cost of coatings,and lack a deep understanding how the porous structures of coating layer function.Herein,a novel bilayer solar evaporator is designed through facile surface coating of wood by low-cost porous carbon from controlled carbonization of polyester waste.The porous carbon bears rich oxygen-containing groups,well-controlled micro-/meso-/macropores,and high surface areas(1164 m^(2) g^(−1)).It is proved that porous carbon improves sunlight absorption and promotes the formation of numerous water clusters to reduce water evaporation enthalpy.Owing to these combined features,the bilayer solar evaporator exhibits high evaporation rate(2.38 kg m^(−2) h^(−1)),excellent longterm stability,and good salt resistance.More importantly,a large-scale solar desalination device for outdoor experiments is developed to produce freshwater from seawater.The daily freshwater production amount(3.65 kg m^(−2))per unit area meets the daily water consumption requirement of one adult.These findings will inspire new paradigms toward developing efficient solar steaming technologies for desalination to address global freshwater shortage.

关键词： solar steam generation waste polyester hierarchically porous carbon desalination freshwater production

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Converting poly(ethylene terephthalate) waste into N-doped porous carbon as CO_(2) adsorbent and solar steam generator

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Green Energy & Environment 2022年第3期7卷 411-422页

作者： Changyuan Song boyi Zhang liang Hao Jiakang Min Ning Liu Ran Niu Jiang Gong Tao Tang Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage Ministry of EducationHubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service FailureSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China Department of Materials Science&Engineering National University of Singapore9 Engineering Drive 1Singapore117576Singapore State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130022China

Sustainable conversion of waste plastics into valuable carbon materials for diverse applications provides a promising strategy to dispose the municipal and industrial waste plastics.However,it remains a challenge to precisely control the crosslinking reaction for transforming waste polyesters into N-doped porous carbon (NPC) with well-defined microstructures.Herein,we put forwards a strategy of stepwise crosslinking using melamine and ZnCl_(2)/NaCl eutectic salts to convert poly (ethylene terephthalate)(PET) into NPC at 550℃.We prove that firstly melamine reacts with PET degradation products to form a crosslinking structure,and subsequently ZnCl_(2)/NaCl promote the dehydration and decarboxylation of the crosslinking structure to generate a more thermally stable crosslinking structure.The coordination of two tandem crosslinking reactions is critical to control the microstructure of NPC.Without activations,NPC shows large specific surface area of 1173 m~2g^(-1),abundant N dopants,and rich oxygen-containing groups.These combined features endure NPC with excellent performance in CO_(2) capture and solar steam generation,e.g.,high CO_(2) adsorption capacity of 6.47 mmol g^(-1) and evaporation rate of 1.62 kg m^(-2)h^(-1).More importantly,NPC is compared to or prevails over previous carbon-based CO_(2) adsorbents or photothermal materials.This work will advance the research on “green” reutilization of low-cost polyester wastes to prepare sustainable carbon for solar energy conversion,environmental protection,etc.

关键词： adsorbent crosslinking polyester

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Decoupling of thermoelectric transport performance of Ag doped and Se alloyed tellurium induced by carrier mobility compensation

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第6期101卷 71-79页

作者： Yue Wu Xiaofan Zhang boyi Wang Jingxuan liang Zipei Zhang Jiawei Yang Ximeng Dong Shuqi Zheng Huai-zhou Zhao State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing College of New Energy and MaterialsChina University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Alloying with Se is proved to be feasible to suppress the lattice thermal conductivity(κL)of tellurium by introducing multidimensional lattice defects.However,extra ionization impurity centers induced by Se alloying are harmful to the electric transport properties of the matrix.In this paper,we propose that the incorporation of Ag could successfully compensate the lost carrier mobility(μH)due to Se alloying through the regulation of microstructure,resulting in the higher power factor(PF)than that of samples without Ag.After composition optimization,theκLdecreased from 1.29 W m^(-1)K^(-1) of Te_(0.99)Sb_(0.01) to 1.05 W m^(-1)K^(-1) of Te_(0.94)Ag_(0.02)Se_(0.03)Sb_(0.01) at 350 K,while the PF remained unchanged or even slightly increased.Benefit from the synergistic effect of carrier mobility compensation and phonon scattering,a maximum z T of 0.91 at 573 K and an average z T of 0.57(between 298 and 573 K)are achieved in Te_(0.94)Ag_(0.02)Se_(0.03)Sb_(0.01).This work presents a new strategy for decoupling the thermal and electric parameters of Te-based thermoelectric materials.

关键词： Te Ag doping Microstructure regulation Mobility compensation

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大型富氧底吹炉熔炼渣含铜的研究及控制

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黄金 2024年第1期45卷 52-55页

作者：梁高喜张文岐任飞飞王伯义河南省黄金资源综合利用重点实验室河南中原黄金冶炼厂有限责任公司中原学者工作站河南中原黄金冶炼厂有限责任公司

结合中原冶炼厂大型富氧底吹炉生产运行数据,研究分析渣含铜的主要影响因素,并制定相应调控措施。通过工艺参数优化,底吹炉熔炼渣含铜从6%以上降至3.32%,解决了底吹炉在高处理能力情况下的渣含铜偏高问题,为类似企业提供技术借鉴。

关键词：铜冶炼大型化底吹炉熔炼渣渣含铜

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The importance of proleptic branch traits in biomass production of poplar in high-density plantations

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第2期33卷 463-473页

作者： Changjun Ding Ningning Wang Qinjun Huang Weixi Zhang Juan Huang Suli Yan boyi Chen Dejun liang Yufeng Dong Yingbai Shen Xiaohua Su State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding Research Institute of ForestryChinese Academy of ForestryBeijingPeople’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration Research Institute of ForestryChinese Academy of ForestryBeijingPeople’s Republic of China College of Biological Sciences and Technology Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China Liaoning Provincial Poplar Institute Gaizhou 115200LiaoningPeople’s Republic of China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Tree Genetic Improvement Shandong Academy of ForestryJinan 250014ShandongPeople’s Republic of China

Branch phenotypic traits determine tree crown architecture,which in turn governs leaf display,light interception,and biomass production.Sylleptic and proleptic branches are the obviously different branch phenotypes in the poplar crown.Many studies have focused on the influence of sylleptic branch numbers(SBN)on biomass production,but the research on the influence of proleptic branch phenotypes was only a few.To explore the relationship between proleptic branch traits and biomass generation production in a high-density poplar plantation,we investigated the branch phenotypic traits of three poplar genotypes,all of which have high survival rates in forests(>95%)and significantly different crown architecture and biomass performance in the high-density plantations(1667 stems ha−1).The plantation site was established in 2007.A terrestrial laser scanner was used to measure branch characteristics such as length,angle of origin and termination,and azi-muth angle.A hierarchical cluster analysis performed on branch characteristics showed that SBN,crown depth,and proleptic branch curvature(PBC)were clustered with bio-mass production and leaf area index(LAI).Among all of the monitored traits,PBC played the second most important role in biomass production after SBN and was significantly correlated with SBN,LAI,and biomass production.The positive correlation between PBC and SBN indicated that a larger PBC was associated with more sylleptic branches within the monitored genotypes planted in the high-density plantation,providing greater leaf area and biomass produc-tion.The results of this study will improve the identification of high-production poplar varieties for cultivation in high-density plantations for biofuel production.

关键词： Populous Crown architecture Sylleptic branch Proleptic branch Biomass production Terrestrial laser scanner

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Polarization-Dependent Optical Properties and Optoelectronic Devices of 2D Materials

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Research 2020年第1期2020卷 848-882页

作者： Ziwei Li boyi Xu Delang liang Anlian Pan Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province College of Materials and EngineeringHunan UniversityChangshaHunan 410082China

The development of optoelectronic devices requires breakthroughs in new material systems and novel device mechanisms,and the demand recently changes from the detection of signal intensity and responsivity to the exploration of sensitivity of polarized state information.Two-dimensional(2D)materials are a rich family exhibiting diverse physical and electronic properties for polarization device applications,including anisotropic materials,valleytronic materials,and other hybrid heterostructures.In this review,we first review the polarized-light-dependent physical mechanism in 2D materials,then present detailed descriptions in optical and optoelectronic properties,involving Raman shift,optical absorption,and light emission and functional optoelectronic devices.Finally,a comment is made on future developments and challenges.The plethora of 2D materials and their heterostructures offers the promise of polarization-dependent scientific discovery and optoelectronic device application.

关键词： optoelectronic polarization polarized

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