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Indices of Water Quality and Pesticide Monitoring Survey in Lake of Western Cote d’Ivoire and Its Human Risk Assessment

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Natural Resources 2020年第2期11卷 46-69页

作者： Kouame Kouakou Benoit Konan Kouakou Seraphin Konan koffi Felix boussou koffi charles Kouame Kouame Martin Dibi Brou Laboratory of Geosciences and Environment University Jean Lorougnon GuedeDaloaCote d’Ivoire Laboratory of Ecology Biodiversity and EvolutionUniversity Jean Lorougnon GuedeDaloaCote d’Ivoire

The aims of the work were to study the current quality of the water in Lake DOHOU used for drinking water supply through several physical, chemical analyses and using water quality indices (WQI). In addition, the question was whether the populations are at risk after drinking water of lake following a reduction of 50% and 75% in the median and maximum values of pesticides. Thus, the results of the pesticide monitoring program were incorporated into probabilistic human health risk assessment exercises. Water samples were collected over a period of one year. Pesticides were subjected to solid phase extraction and then analyzed using gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectroscopy. The other parameters were measured according to conventional methods. The results showed that the most frequently detected pesticides were aldicarb (79%), simazine (79%) and monolinuron (44%). They also showed the mean values of concentrations exceeding 1.5 μg/L. Metoxuron detected at a frequency of 29% showed the maximum average concentration (13.46 μg/L). Nearly 98% of the sampling points had at least one substance with an average concentration above the quality standard (0.1 μg/L) and 80% did not meet the total concentration standards. Cumulative risk quotient estimates after 50% or 75% abatement for frequently identified pesticides were greater than unity when extreme?values for adults and children were considered. To determine the suitability of water for aquatic life, drinking water consumption and drinking water production, the water quality index (WQI), the heavy metal pollution (HPI) and the heavy metal evaluation (HEI) were calculated. The poor quality of the water was mainly related to pesticides, organic matter and microbiological parameters. Most of the nutrients and metals studied were often below the standards of drinking water and aquatic life. The Water Quality Index (WQI) has shown that water quality is degrading for these three modes of use and ranges from poor to m

关键词： Pesticides Health Risk Assessment Water Quality Index Heavy Metal Index

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Qualitative Assessment and Typology of the Water Resource Used for the Production of Drinking Water in Duékoué, Western Côte d’Ivoire

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2019年第5期7卷 212-231页

作者： Kouamé Kouakou Benoit Konan Kouakou Séraphin Attoungbre Kouakou Severin Konan koffi Félix boussou koffi charles Kouamé Kouamé Martin Laboratory of Geosciences and Environment University Jean Lorougnon Guédé Daloa C&#244 te d’Ivoire Laboratory of Ecology Biodiversity and Evolution University Jean Lorougnon Guédé Daloa C&#244 te d’Ivoire

The objective of this study was to evaluate the typology of water through physicochemical and bacteriological characterization with the aim of highlighting its vulnerability as a drinking water resource. The methodology adopted was to evaluate the level of pollution by monitoring the spatiotemporal variation of the water pollution indicator levels of Lake Dohou. The sampling frequency is monthly for one year, from November 2017 to October 2018, in order to obtain a fairly representative image of water quality and its seasonal evolution in eight (8) well-defined stations. The parameters were determined using the standard methods defined by the French Association for Standardization (AFNOR). This study shows that the waters are acidic, with an average pH of 5.81 and a low electrical conductivity of between 42.67 ± 4.30 and 59.62 ± 21.84 μ***-1. At all stations, seasonal mean water transparencies are low (<1 m). It is also noted that 99.7% of the water samples collected had total nitrogen (TN) levels above the limit of 4 mg.L-1. All of the lake’s waters have non-compliant BOD5 (2.L-1) for raw water intended for the production of drinking water. Sites D6 and D7 have COD/BOD5 ratio greater than 3, which indicates the presence of non-biodegradable organic matter in these areas. Total coliforms, Escherichia coli and Enterococci were present in 100% (28/28) water samples at concentrations ranging from 2300 to 173,000 CFU/100 mL, from 100 to 1650 CFU/100 mL and from 20 to 1140 CFU 1/100 mL respectively. For Salmonella pathogens, they were detected in 50% of the dry season samples and in 100% of the rainy season samples. This almost permanent presence of this pathogenic germ denotes a poor quality of water with reference to this parameter. The presence of total coliform and other microbial contaminants suggests that supplied water is highly contaminated with pathogens and great reservoirs for them. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the physicochemical data set allowed de

关键词： Dohou Lake Water Quality Coliform Fecal Coliform Physico-Chemical Parameters Typology and Variation

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Study of Photocatalytic Activity of a Nanostructured Composite of ZnS and Carbon Dots

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Advances in Nanoparticles 2022年第4期11卷 111-128页

作者： Irié Bi Irié Williams Essy Kouadio Fodjo Pomi Bi boussou Narcisse Aka Alla Martin koffi koffi Kra Sylvestre Trokourey Albert Zhen Gu Laboratory of Constitution and Reaction of Matter UFR SSMT Université Felix Houphouet Boigny Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Optimization for Chemical Processes Ministry of Education East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China

Environmental pollution jeopardizes our existence. For this purpose, research is moving more and more towards the search for economic means and green chemistry to curb this phenomenon. In this context, the photocatalytic activity of zinc sulfide nanoparticles (ZnS NPs) and nanostructured composite ZnS/carbon dots (ZnS/CDs) was evaluated after their synthesis. The results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicate that the crystal structure of ZnS/CDs is identical to that of the cubic phase structure of ZnS, revealing that the cubic phase structure of ZnS was not altered in the presence of CDs. Indeed, there is no additional peak in the crystal structure of ZnS/CDs, revealing that the crystalline structure of ZnS is not responsible for the difference in photocatalytic activity between ZnS/CDs and ZnS NPs. Moreover, analysis performed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) shows aggregation of the synthesized ZnS and ZnS/CDs nanoparticles with an average size estimated around 10 nm and 12 nm, respectively. In addition, the reflectance study in the visible range shows a reduction in the sunlight reflection intensity using ZnS/CDs compared to the capability of ZnS NPs. Photocatalytic degradation tests reveal that ZnS/CDs have the best methylene blue (MB) degradation rate. Indeed, under the optimal conditions, the photocatalytic activity can reach 100% efficiency within 100 min and 240 min of sunlight exposure for the degradation of 7.5 mg/L MB using ZnS/CDs and ZnS, respectively. This improvement in photocatalytic activity of ZnS/CDs may be due to the presence of CDs which can permit to undergo a reduction of reflection properties of ZnS NPs in the visible range. These results show that CDs can play a key role in enhancing the photocatalytic activity of ZnS, and suggest that ZnS/CDs could be used as eco-friendly composite materials for the degradation of organic pollutants of similar structures in the aquatic environment under solar irradiation.

关键词： Fluorescent Carbon Dots (CDs) Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue Sunlight Reflectance Property Synthesis of ZnS Nanoparticles

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How Referred Patients Influence Cesarean Sections Rate Pattern: Analysis according to the Robson Classification

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2017年第11期7卷 1132-1140页

作者： koffi Achille Kouamé Arthur Didier Kakou charles Adjoby Cassou Roland Diomande Fatoumata Alice Kimou Anicet N’Guessan koffi Léon Pacome Obstetrics-Gynecology Department of the University Hospital Center of Cocody Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire

Objective: To improve the practice of cesarean section by analyzing the cesarean section according to Robson’s classification. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional and descriptive study carried out at the University Hospital of Cocody. It covered the Cesarean sections performed during the year 2015 and ranked according to the 10 groups of Robson. Results: The overall Cesarean section rate in 2015 was 42.8% (3100 cesarean sections for 7229 deliveries). Group 1 was the largest contributor to overall Cesarean section with a rate of 20.5% followed by Group 3 (18.6%), Group 5 (16.4%) and Group 10 (12.2%), unlike other data in the literature where groups were in descending order Groups 5, 1, 3. This difference was driven by medical evacuations and our working conditions. Conclusion: The Cesarean section rate is constantly increasing in our department. Referred patients played a huge role in the distribution of C-section along the Robson’s 10 groups classification.

关键词： Cesarean Section Robson Classification Evacuation Referred Patients

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Study of Formic and Acetic Acids in the Air of Humid Savannah Case of Lamto (Côte d’Ivoire)

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2016年第2期6卷 254-266页

作者： Pêlèmayo Raoul Touré Georges Kouame Kouadio Urbain Kouakou koffi charles Romaric Beugré Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics and Fluid Mechanics (LAPA-MF) Félix Houphou&#235t-Boigny University Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Physcal Science Laboratory of the Ecole Normale Supérieure of Abidjan (ENS) Abidjan C&#244te d’ivoire Laboratory of physical chemistry Félix Houphou&#235t-Boigny University Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

From January 1995 to December 2004, 860 rainwater samples were collected in the humid savannah of Lamto. Using the Henry’s law, we determined the content of formic and acetic acids in the air based on their concentrations in rainwater. The annual partial pressure of both formic and acetic acids over the decade is variable. It covers a range of 0.003 (1998) to 0.21 ppbv (1996) and 0.27 (1999) to 0.47 ppbv (1996) for formic and acetic acids respectively. Also, the partial pressure in the dry season is higher than that in the wet season. This difference is related to the enrichment of the organic acid content in the air by the various sources that produce these acids. One of the main sources of increment in organic acid is biomass burning. This biomass burning contributes between 21% and 51% to the formation of the two acids in the humid savannah of Lamto. Ultimately the average annual organic acidity varies from 40% to 60% over the ten years period.

关键词： Formic Acid Acetic Acid Organic Acidity Biomass Burning

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Characterization of the Origin of Pollutants in Groundwater from Biostatistical Tests:The Case of Catchment Ehania,South-Eastern Cote d’Ivoire

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2013年第12期5卷 1178-1185页

作者： Brou Dibi Arthur Brice Konan-Waidhet Felix koffi Konan charles Sagne Yao Alex Kouadio Zile Issiaka Savane Dago Gnakri Universite Jean Lorougnon Guede Daloa DaloaCote d’Ivoire Universite Nangui Abrogoua AbidjanAbidjanCote d’Ivoire

The threat of agro-industrial exploitations on the quality of groundwater resources has become a major concern for the world’s population, mainly in agricultural areas. To solve this problem, several methods such as vulnerability to pollutants and statistics methods, have been adopted to protect these groundwaters. In this study, statistical tests were used to determine the likely source of pollutants in the groundwater resources. First, we made a comparative analysis and then analyzed pollutants parameters using Kohonen self-organizing map (SOM) which allows basic on the similarity to help out any correlation between the physic-chemical parameters. To validate these results, a land use map was developed to identify the sources of pollutants in production functions of different activities taking place on the catchment area. The results indicate very high levels of certain pollutants such as NO3-, Cl- and SO42- with generally higher than World Health Organization (WHO) standards values. These high levels observed could be attributed to the generally free nature of aquifers alteration and sedimentary formations in areas of high agro-industrial production. The analysis of the data from SOM method reveals a strong correlation between pollutants (NO3-, SO42-,Cl- ) and conductivity showing the likely origin of these surface pollutants,an origin that is linked to the existence of larges agro-industrials exploitations. These results are reinforced by those of the overlay map of the sampling sites on the land use map, which shows a strong coincidence between high values of pollutants and production areas of the pollutants that are agro-industrial exploitations. These areas of coincidence are observed in the north where found banana’s industrials plantations that are less visible and mostly in the southwest part where is one of the largest oil palm plantations in the world (36,000 hectares).

关键词： Characterization Origin of Pollutants Groundwater Biostatistical Tests Catchment Ehania

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Rupture of a Rudimentary Uterine Horn: A Case Report

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2017年第7期7卷 748-752页

作者： Kouamé Arthur Didier Adjoby Cassou Roland Konan Joachim Effoh N’Drin Dénis Kakou charles Diomandé Fatoumata Alice koffi Soh Victor Kouakou Firmin Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department of the University Hospital of Cocody-Abidjan Abidjan C&ocirc te D’Ivoire

Pregnancy in an abnormal uterus is a high-risk situation in obstetrics. Uterus bicornis unicollis with a rudimentary horn is often discovered incidentally. The aim of this report is to warn obstetricians about recurrent abdominal pain in the second trimester of pregnancy without any cause identified. Pregnancy can proceed in the rudimentary horn. We presented a case of a rupture of the rudimentary horn which occurred at 25 weeks of amenorrhea in an unmarried 19-year-old primigravida. The rudimentary horn was removed after performing an emergency laparotomy for an intraperitoneal hemorrhage with signs of shock. This abnormality is often revealed by uterine rupture, which usually occurs in the second trimester of pregnancy. Conclusion: We emphasize the importance of early diagnosis of this uterine abnormality, before pregnancy if possible. Undiagnosed, this condition evolves towards uterine rupture during pregnancy and requires emergency surgery with excision of the rudimentary horn.

关键词： Uterine Rupture Abdominal Pregnancy Uterus Bicornis Rudimentary Uterine Horn

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Epidemiological and Diagnostic Features of Non-Traumatic Gonalgia in Adults in Bouake (Ivory Coast): About 140 Patients

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Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases 2023年第4期13卷 78-87页

作者： Kouakou Ehaulier Soh Christian Louis Sougué charles Yao Konan Joe Clauvis Traore Aissata koffi Joseph Kan Enock Goua Jean Jacques Same Bebey Francine Goupille Phillipe Daboiko Jean Claude Felix Rheumatology Department University Hospital Center Bouaké Bouaké C&#244te d’Ivoire Internal Medicine Department University Hospital Center Sour&#244 Sanou Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Rheumatology Department Laquintinie Hospital Douala Cameroon Rheumatology Department University Hospital Center Tours France

Background: Non traumatic gonalgia is the second most common reason for rheumatology consultations and accounted for 15.6% of rheumatological disorders in Abidjan. Objective: The aim of this work was to study the epidemiological and diagnostic features of non-traumatic gonalgia (NTG) in a black adult population from sub-Saharan Africa. Patients and Methods: This was a five-year retrospective descriptive study (January 2014 to December 2018) of black sub-Saharan African adult patients with non traumatic gonalgia seen in the rheumatology department of the Bouake University Hospital in Côte d’Ivoire. Results: Of 2198 patients seen for rheumatological conditions, 140 had non traumatic gonalgia (6.4%). The mean age of patients was 56.13 ± 13.3 years (extremes 20 and 87 years), and the sex ratio was 0.43 (42 men and 98 women). Gonalgia without swelling was observed in 33.6% of cases. Symptoms were predominantly progressive (97.1%), chronic (82.1%) and bilateral (50%). The causes of TNM were gonarthrosis (85%), septic arthritis (7.1%), reactive arthritis (2.9%), gout (2.9%), rheumatoid arthritis (1.4%) and chondrocalcinosis (0.7%). Gonarthrosis (119/140) was bilateral in 65 patients, bi- or tri-compartmental in 83, radiographic stage (Kellgren and Lawrence) III in 80 and IV in 15. A germ was isolated in two cases of septic arthritis (methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae). Conclusion: GNT is common in rheumatology practice in Bouake, and mainly affects women in their fifties. It is most often a chronic bilateral gonalgia, with gonarthrosis as the main etiology.

关键词： Non-Traumatic Gonalgia Gonarthrosis Bouake

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Epidemiological and Clinical Aspects of Hospitalized Patients with Chronic Rheumatic Disease at Cocody University Hospital in Abidjan

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Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases 2023年第3期13卷 65-70页

作者： Ehaulier Soh Christian Louis Kouakou charles Sougué Konan Joe Clauvis Yao Aissata Traore Joseph Kan Enock koffi Jean Jacques Goua Francine Same Bebey Phillipe Goupille Jean Claude Felix Daboiko Rheumatology Department Bouake University Hospital Bouake C&#244te d’Ivoire Rheumatology Department Cocody University Hospital Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Department of Internal Medicine Sour&#244 Sanou University Hospital Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Rheumatology Department Laquintinie Hospital Douala Cameroon Rheumatology Department Tours University Hospital Tours France

Objective: To study the epidemiological and diagnostic features of chronic rheumatic disease (CRD) in a black population in sub-Saharan Africa. Patients and Methods: Retrospective descriptive study over eight years (January 2005 to December 2012) of patients seen for CRD in rheumatology hospitalization at the CHU de Cocody in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire. Results: Of 3147 hospitalized patients, 92 had CRD, a frequency of 2.9%. The mean age of patients was 43.50 ± 15.6 years (extremes: 10 to 79 years). The sex ratio was 0.08 (7 men and 85 women). The socio-economic level was low in 44 patients (47.8%), medium in 44 patients (47.8%), and high in 4 patients (4.4%). The reasons for consultation were polyarthritis (64.1%), polyarthralgia (30.4%), and oligoarthritis (5.4%). The mean duration of symptomatology was 19 months (range: 3 to 20 years). The mean length of hospital stay was 14.2 ± 7.7 days (range: 2 to 36 days). The CRD observed were: rheumatoid arthritis (59.8%), systemic lupus erythematosus (23.9%), mixed connective tissue disease (6.5%), undifferentiated connective tissue disease (3.3%), polymyositis (3.3%), systemic scleroderma (2.2%), and systemic vasculitis (1%). Conclusion: CRD is not uncommon in rheumatology hospitals in Abidjan. Diagnostic delays are long, and rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus are the most frequently encountered conditions.

关键词： Chronic Rheumatic Disease Rheumatoid Arthritis Lupus Abidjan

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