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Volvulus of the Sigmoid Colon without Necrosis: Therapeutic Aspects in Hospital Fousseyni Daou Hospital in Kayes, Mali

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Surgical Science 2022年第12期13卷 592-599页

作者： Lamine Issaga traore Sidy Sangare Mamaye Kouyate Gaoussou Sogoba Drissa Katile Adama S. Diakite Lassana Goita Sadio Dembele Djibril traore Drissa traore General Surgery Department of the Fousseyni DAOU Hospital Kayes Mali National Center for Scientific Research and Technology (CNRST) Bamako Mali Pediatric Surgery Department of the Fousseyni DAOU Hospital Kayes Mali Gastro-Hepato-Enterology Unit of the Fousseyni DAOU Hospital Kayes Mali Urology Department of Fousseyni DAOU Hospital Kayes Mali Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit at Fousseyni DAOU Hospital Kayes Mali General Surgery Department of Somine DOLO Hospital Mopti Mali General Surgery Department of the University Hospital of Point G Bamako Mali

The volvulus of the sigmoid is known since ancient Egypt. In the 5th century BC, hippocrates laid the foundations for its management. The first observation of this condition was not reported until 1836 by Von Rokitansky, and then in 1859, Melchior described its physiopathological consequences. It was the Norwegian Brusgaard who reported, for the first time, in 1947, the effectiveness of a non-operative treatment. Purpose: Describe morbidity, mortality and the impact of co-morbidity factors on the choice of operative techniques. Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study performed at the Fousseyni Daou Hospital in Kayes from January 2014 to December 2021. We included all patients operated for sigmoid volvulus without necrosis. The parameters studied were the comorbidity factor, surgical modalities, morbidity and mortality. Results: We collected 31 patients, of whom 29 were men and 2 were women, for a sex ratio of 14.5. The mean age was 55 years with extremes (29 - 78 years). Sigmoidectomy with colorectal anastomosis was performed in 19 cases (61.3%), the average age of these patients was 46.16 years, the comorbidity factor was 1 case (3.2%), the postoperative course was simple in 12 cases (63.1%), the morbidity was 6 cases (26.3%) and mortality 1 case (3.2%). Untwisting with colopexy was performed in 11 cases (35.5%), the average age was 65.91 years, comorbidities were present in 9 cases (82%), the postoperative course was simple in 9 cases (82%), morbidity was 1 case (9%) and mortality 1 case (9%). Hartman colostomy was performed in 1 case (3.2%), the age was 60 years, the morbidity was nil. Overall, the postoperative course was simple in 22 cases (71%), the overall morbidity was 7 cases (22.6%) and mortality 2 cases (6.4%). Conclusion: At the end of our study, we can note that the choice of the operative technique for the volvulus of the sigmoid without necrosis can be influenced by the presence of major comorbidity and the morbi-mortality

关键词： Volvulus without Necrosis Surgical Technique Comorbidity Morbidity Mortality

A First Order Stationary Branching Negative Binomial Autoregressive Model with Application

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Open Journal of Statistics 2022年第6期12卷 810-826页

作者： Bakary traore Bonface Miya Malenje Herbert Imboga Department of Mathematics Pan African University Institute of Basic Science Technology and Innovation (PAUSTI) Nairobi Kenya Department of Statistics and Actuarial Sciences Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Nairobi Kenya

In the area of time series modelling, several applications are encountered in real-life that involve analysis of count time series data. The distribution characteristics and dependence structure are the major issues that arise while specifying a modelling strategy to handle the analysis of those kinds of data. Owing to the numerous applications there is a need to develop models that can capture these features. However, accounting for both aspects simultaneously presents complexities while specifying a modeling strategy. In this paper, an alternative statistical model able to deal with issues of discreteness, overdispersion, serial correlation over time is proposed. In particular, we adopt a branching mechanism to develop a first-order stationary negative binomial autoregressive model. Inference is based on maximum likelihood estimation and a simulation study is conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed approach. As an illustration, the model is applied to a real-life dataset in crime analysis.

关键词： Branching Process Negative Binomial Time Series of Count Data Serial Dependence Overdispersion

Emergency Caesarean Section in Adolescent Girls at the Referral Health Center in Commune I

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2020年第2期10卷 298-310页

作者： Alassane traore Mamadou B. Coulibaly Soumana O. traore Modibo D. Soumare Seydou Fane Bourama Kane Mamadou Sima Saliou A. traore Seydina A. Beye Yacouba L. Diallo Youssouf traore Gynecology Service of Hopital du Mali Bam Bamako Mali Gynecology-Obstetrics Service Referral Health Center of Commune IV Bamako Mali Gynecology-Obstetrics Service Referral Health Center of Commune I Bamako Mali Gynecology-Obstetrics Service University Teaching Hospital (UTH) Gabriel Touré Bamako Mali Pediatric Service of Hopital du Mali Bamako Mali Gynecology Service UTH Point G Bamako Mali Anesthesia Resuscitation Service UTH Point G Bamako Mali Medicine and Endocrinology Service Hopital du Mali Bamako Mali

Teenage pregnancy is common in Mali due to the high rate of unwanted pregnancies and early marriages. The general objective of this study was to study emergency cesarean delivery in adolescent girls at the referral health center (RHC) in commune I of the district of Bamako. It was a descriptive study with prospective data collection from January 1 to December 31, 2018. Any adolescent girls in whom an emergency caesarean section was performed were included. The data were entered and analyzed on SPSS 20.3. Results: we have collected 616 adolescent parturients, 202 caesareans were performed in emergency, with a frequency of 32.8%. The average age was 17 with the extremes of 13 and 19. Early marriage was found out in 95.5% of our patients, 40 adolescent girls were primiparous (20%), 4 of whom had an inter-reproductive interval of less than a year. The main indications for cesarean section were fetal distress in 71 cases (35%), fetal-pelvic disproportion, scar uterus in the border pelvis (11% each), breech presentation in 15 cases (7%). Anemia (10.4%) was the main complication, followed by vascular pedicle attack (5.94%), infection of the operating site (1.5%) and a bladder wound (0.99%). Fetal mortality was 1.4% and neonatal 3.8%.?Conclusion:?the association between adolescence and caesarean section in emergency constitutes risk factors which increase maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Fighting these factors improves the survival of the mother and the newborn.

关键词： Adolescent Cesarean Emergency Mortality

Comparative Studies on Reflection Defect between Textured and Planar Surface Based on TCO Materials

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Energy and Power Engineering 2022年第10期14卷 550-557页

作者： Alassane Diaw Papa Touty traore Awa Dieye Physics Department Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

This article presents, on the one hand, the performance of ARC by configurations ITO/Si, MgO/Si, and GeO2/Si. On the other hand, we study the impact of thickness on the reflection of OCTs, because the thickness of OCTs plays an important role on the optical properties and the variation of the reflection and transmission of TCO/Si heterojunctions as a function of thickness is also sown. And the last part of the paper, we will make a comparative study between the performance of silicon textured on the front side and that of silicon where the front side is planar. These two forms of silicon will be covered with ARC. For this, we will use the following materials ITO, MgO, and GeO2 and we represent the variation of the reflection of CAR on a planar surface and on a textured surface as a function of the wavelength. The results show that the reflection is low in textured surface compare to the planar surface.

关键词： Reflection TCO Textured Surface

Practice of Essential Care for Newborns in the Referral Health Center of Commune 5 of Bamako District

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第1期12卷 223-230页

作者： traore Soumana Oumar Samake Alou Sangho Oumar Kouyate Fa Issif Doumbia Saleck Tall Saoudatou Sylla Niangalé Coulibaly Hamidou traore Youssouf traore Mamadou Sangho Hamadoun Obstetric Gynecology Service CSRef of Commune 5 of the District of Bamako Bamako Mali Obstetric Gynecology Service CSRef of Commune 6 of the District of Bamako Bamako Mali Teaching and Research Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Faculty of Pharmacy (FAPH) USTTB Bamako Mali 4Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University Hospital Center Gabriel Toure Bamako Mali Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University Hospital Center Gabriel Toure Bamako Mali

Introduction: Delay in recognizing newborn health problems and delay in accessing quality care contribute to a high number of newborn deaths. The objective of this work was to study the practice of essential newborn care. Patients and method: This was a descriptive study on critical care newborns at the referral health Center of the Commune 5 (CSRéf C5) Bamako from 1st April to 31 May 2018. The acquisition, processing and data analysis were done on SPSS software. Results: The average age of the patients was 24.8 years. They were out of school and knew about the importance of prenatal consultations (83.3%). The majority of health workers were Nurses and Obstetricians (59.3%). The effective care (100%) given to the newborns was anthropometric measurements of the newborn and identification of the newborn. Treatments such as stimulated drying, skin-to-skin contact, warming, and administration of vitamin K1 were each administered at over 90%. The fight against heat loss by the head (14.1%) and early latching (41.5%) were insufficiently administered. Cord care was not provided at the Hospital prior to discharge for contextual reasons. The administration of ocular antiseptics was not administered in the hospital. Conclusion: The administration of essential newborn care at the referral health Center of the Commune 5 in Bamako has shortcomings.

关键词： Care Essentials Newborns Bamako

Drought Monitoring and Assessment of Climate Parameters Variability in Koutiala and San Districts, Mali

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American Journal of Climate Change 2022年第3期11卷 230-249页

作者： Diarra Doukoro Georges Abbevi Abbey traore Kalifa West African Science Service Center on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use WASCAL Lome Togo DRP Climate Change Disaster Risk Management University of Lomé Lome Togo Department of Geography University of Lomé Lome Togo Department of Agronomy Agricultural Enterprises Management University of Lomé Lome Togo Institute of Rural Economy in Sotuba Bamako Mali

In Mali, the annual temperature, rainfall, and evapotranspiration are high variables. Their distributions are unevenly spread from north to south. Climate change strengthens to increase air temperature and evapotranspiration. It also increases the intense rainstorms and the risk of drought associated heat waves. Drought is considered a natural disaster among all hydrologic extremes. It causes severe damage to the environment, agriculture, and livelihoods relying on water resources. The present study evaluated the variation of drought indices from 1989 to 2019 in Koutiala and San districts, respectively. Therefore, the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) was applied. Hence, the Mann-Kendall (MK) test was used and for 12-month time-scales. Trend analysis of monthly precipitation, temperature, and evapotranspiration has been done by using the MK test. Based on the analysis result, the climate of the Koutiala and San districts has been classified as moderate to severe drought category. However, this result clearly shows SPEI pattern changes in both districts. The monthly precipitation showed a significant decreasing trend in Koutiala and San districts. In comparison, the monthly temperature and evapotranspiration displayed an increasing trend in both districts.

关键词： Drought Climate Parameters SPEI Trend Mann-Kendall Koutiala San Mali

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外债对马里经济增长的影响研究

外债对马里经济增长的影响研究

作者： traore DYTINE 浙江师范大学

学位级别：硕士

债务问题是撒哈拉以南非洲国家面临的重要经济发展问题。合理利用外部投资、举借部分外债发展本国经济,是大部分非洲国家应对疫情冲击、融入经济全球化、实现国民经济发展的重要手段。然而,过度依赖外部资金无法按时偿还外债,则对经济... 详细信息

债务问题是撒哈拉以南非洲国家面临的重要经济发展问题。合理利用外部投资、举借部分外债发展本国经济,是大部分非洲国家应对疫情冲击、融入经济全球化、实现国民经济发展的重要手段。然而,过度依赖外部资金无法按时偿还外债,则对经济发展产生负面影响。学界对于外债和经济增长关系的研究一般分为三类,包括外债对经济增长的积极影响、消极影响以及非线性关系影响。马里是非洲中西部的低收入国家,长期依赖外部援助进行经济发展。本文主要研究外债对马里经济增长的影响,并提出适当的政策措施,减少外债对该国经济造成的负面影响,并在一定范围内发挥外债的积极作用,从而达到举债的最佳平衡点。本文采用了较为开放的宏观经济模型,其中主要包括一个外债指标:外债存量(DEX),以及从1990到2020的其它宏观经济变量:马里国内生产总值(GDP)、马里人口(POP)、马里进口价值(IMP)、马里的出口价值(EXP)和马里的公共开支(DEP)。实证分析采用了普通最小二乘法(OLS)、增强的Dickey-Fuller(ADF)单位根检验、Johansen协整检验、格兰杰因果关系检验和误差修正法(ECM)等计量经济学方法。研究结果表明,短期外债对马里的经济增长产生负面影响。协整检验表明,马里政府外债与经济增长之间存在一种非线性的“倒U型”关系。在合理的外债融资范围内,马里政府举借外债将增加社会公共投资,扩大税收基础,刺激马里经济增长。然而,如果马里政府外债超过一定规模的合理范围,将导致公共与私营投资减少、债务本金与利息增加、政府财政紧缩,对马里经济增长的拉动作用逐渐减弱甚至产生负面影响。因此,为了实现最佳的外债平衡点,马里政府需要采取一系列政策措施,包括:加强债务管理和监管、提高外债使用效率、推动经济结构转型升级、加强国际合作。综上所述,马里政府应该采取综合措施,平衡外债规模和使用效率,同时加强债务管理和监管,推动经济结构转型升级,提高国际合作水平,以实现最佳的外债平衡点,促进马里经济的可持续增长。本文的研究表明,尽管马里政府通过举借外债可以在短期内刺激经济增长,但是如果外债规模超过了外汇储备,将对马里经济增长带来负面影响。因此,长期来看,马里政府需要控制债务规模,降低债务风险,并积极参与世界银行和国际货币基金组织的缓债倡议。此外,马里政府还应该加强政府债务的透明度,避免所借贷款被国际资本重组,增加债务压力。同时,马里政府还应该制定相关政策,促进经济作物的多元化种植,扩大农产品的出口,以改善国内的出口结构,降低外债扩张所带来的潜在风险。最终,这些措施将有助于马里政府更加合理有效地利用外债,实现外部融资与经济发展、国内储蓄与本土投资的平衡,提高国内民生水平,增加民众福祉。

关键词：马里外债经济增长融资

Performance Evaluation of Campus Mobility Model in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

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Performance Evaluation of Campus Mobility Model in Mobile Ad...

作者： traore SOUNGALO 湖南大学

学位级别：硕士

移动自组网(MANET)是由移动通信节点构成的临时性自治网络,可以不依赖于现有固定主干网或基站。仿真是评价评价自组网协议性能的方法之一。移动模型对网络仿真来说非常重要,节点的移动直接影响到协议的性能,不真实的节点移动模型仿真得... 详细信息

移动自组网(MANET)是由移动通信节点构成的临时性自治网络,可以不依赖于现有固定主干网或基站。仿真是评价评价自组网协议性能的方法之一。移动模型对网络仿真来说非常重要,节点的移动直接影响到协议的性能,不真实的节点移动模型仿真得到的结果,不能真实地反应协议的性能。自组网中现存的大部分移动模型并不能提供真实的移动场景,节点移动是随机的,没有考虑到障碍物的限制。因此,在移动模型中加入障碍物是有必要的。在这篇文章中,我们通过加入障碍物,实现了一个真实移动模型,并进一步提出了校园移动模型。我们提出校园移动模型的目的是构造真实环境的拓扑,模拟节点在这些区域的移动。加入障碍物和路径的目的是为了限制节点的移动和节点之间的无线通信。为了模拟这些地形,用户可以定义这些物体的位置,形状和大小。最后,我们评价了校园移动模型的物理特性和它对网络拓扑连通性和路由性能的影响。仿真结果表明,建筑物和路径的加入对网络拓扑连通性和路由性能有很大影响。

关键词： MANET 校园移动模型性能分析

Epidemiological and Histopathological Aspect of Precancerous and Cancerous Lesions of the Cervix in the Health District of Commune 5 of Bamako, the CHU of Point “G” and the Gabriel TouréUniversity Hospital of Bamako in Mali

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2020年第9期11卷 561-570页

作者： Soumana Oumar Traoré Saleck Doumbia Cheickna Sylla Saoudatou Tall Ibrahima Tegueté Ichiaka Djibo Faissif Kouyaté Issa Ongoiba Youssouf traore Oumar Moussokoro traore Niani Mounkoro Mamadou traore Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology University of Science and Technology Bamako Mali Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Reference Health Centre of Commune V Bamako Mali Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Koutiala Reference Health Centre Sikasso Mali Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Gabriel Touré University Hospital Bamako Mali

Objective: The aim was to take stock of the screening and treatment of precancerous and cancerous lesions of the cervix in the health district of commune V of Bamako, the “G” point and the Gabriel Touré University Hospital in Bamako, Mali. Patients and Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional, analytical study with retrospective and prospective data collection over an 8-year period from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2017. This was a multi-center study. Results: From January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2017, 42,492 women were screened, representing a frequency of 24.30%. The median age of the women screened was 32 years;25% were under the age of 25. Three-fourth of the women screened was in the 20 - 49 age group. Of the 22,842 women screened, 90.1% of them had a normal col to IVA/IVL. However, 4.1% of cervical positivity had with acetic acid and 5.1% of positivity to Lugol. 0.7% of the women screened clinically had cancerous lesions. Histologically, 96.5% of the women screened had a normal cervix with benign lesions. For pathological histological findings, we noted 2.6% of precancerous lesions and 0.8% of squamous cell carcinomas and

关键词： Epidemiology Histology Precancerous and Cancerous Lesions of the Cervix