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The Factors of the Failure in the Treatment of Congenital Equinus Clubfoot Varus by the Ponseti Method at the Reference Health Care Center (CSREF) of Commune III of Bamako

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Surgical Science 2023年第5期14卷 398-404页

作者： Seydou Sanogo Soumaila Diallo Boubacar Karembé Lassine Cissé Almami Kire Moussa Cissé Abdoulaye Coulibaly Aboubacar Touré boureima Traoré Moustapha Yossi Moussa Samaké Drissa Diarra Mohamed traore Seydou Mariko Mariko Issa Fomba Layes Touré Adégné Togo Department of Orthopedic-Traumatology CSREF CIII Bamako Mali

Clubfoot malformation is the most common serious congenital anomaly affecting the foot in children. Its treatment by the Ponseti method is simple, profitable and widely used in the world. Objective: The objective of this study was to identify the factors of the failure of its treatment by the Ponseti method. Material and Method: We carried out a retrospective and descriptive study of cases of congenital equinus clubfoot varus at the Reference Health Care Center of Commune III of Bamako over 26 months from September 2020 to November 2022. Data were treated with the utmost anonymity. Result: This study was performed on 44 children seen for clubfoot: male (68%) and female (32%), with a sex ratio of 2.1. We obtained 13 cases of recidivism including 7 boys and 6 girls. We found 21 cases of unilateral and 23 bilateral;among which 9 recurrences were found against 4 in the unilateral forms. 85% of recurrences did not have good adherence to the splint and 62% did not come regularly for follow-up consultation. We obtained 33 children with idiopathic clubfeet (75%) with a recurrence of 24%, and 7 children with secondary clubfeet with 71 % recurrence. There was no recurrence in the postural type. Among the recurrences, 38.5% started treatment between 1 and 6 months, 23.1% from 0 to 1 month and 15.4% at 2 years and more. 85% of recurrences had a Pirani score between 4.5 to 6 at the start of treatment and 15% at a score of 2.5 to 4. Conclusion: The factors of the failure of the Ponseti method are mainly non-compliance with treatment, secondary clubfeet, and a high Pirani score at the start of treatment.

关键词： Chess’ Factors Club Foot Ponseti Method Pirani Score

Post-Traumatic Duodenal Rupture at the Fousseyni Daou Hospital in Kayes, Mali: A Case Report

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Surgical Science 2022年第6期13卷 300-306页

作者： Sangare Sidy Sogoba Gaoussou traore Lamine Issaga Kouyate Mamaye Katile Drissa Goita Lassana Dembele Sadio traore Allassane Dembélé Bakary Tientigui traore Drissa Togo Adegné Department of General Surgery Fousseyni DAOU Hospital Kayes Mali Department of Paediatric Surgery Fousseyni DAOU Hospital Kayes Mali Department of Gastroenterology Fousseyni DAOU Hospital Kayes Mali Department of Anaesthesia and Resuscitation Fousseyni DAOU Hospital Kayes Mali Department of General Surgery Gabriel TOURE Hospital Bamako Mali Department of General Surgery Point G Hospital Bamako Mali

Lesions resulting from duodenal involvement are rare. Their diagnosis and management remain difficult because of the topographic location of most of the duodenum in the retroperitoneum. We report a case of isolated duodenal rupture. At the time of the first operation, the duodenal lesion had gone unnoticed. During our management, we discovered a rupture of the lower knee of the second duodenum and we performed a triple anastomosis after the closure of the ends (proximal and distal). The immediate postoperative course was complicated by the death of the patient on the second day of surgery. Duodenal lesions have much mortality which is increased by the delay in diagnosis and management.

关键词： Emergency Duodenal Rupture Abdominal Contusion

Practice of Essential Care for Newborns in the Referral Health Center of Commune 5 of Bamako District

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第1期12卷 223-230页

作者： traore Soumana Oumar Samake Alou Sangho Oumar Kouyate Fa Issif Doumbia Saleck Tall Saoudatou Sylla Niangalé Coulibaly Hamidou traore Youssouf traore Mamadou Sangho Hamadoun Obstetric Gynecology Service CSRef of Commune 5 of the District of Bamako Bamako Mali Obstetric Gynecology Service CSRef of Commune 6 of the District of Bamako Bamako Mali Teaching and Research Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Faculty of Pharmacy (FAPH) USTTB Bamako Mali 4Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University Hospital Center Gabriel Toure Bamako Mali Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University Hospital Center Gabriel Toure Bamako Mali

Introduction: Delay in recognizing newborn health problems and delay in accessing quality care contribute to a high number of newborn deaths. The objective of this work was to study the practice of essential newborn care. Patients and method: This was a descriptive study on critical care newborns at the referral health Center of the Commune 5 (CSRéf C5) Bamako from 1st April to 31 May 2018. The acquisition, processing and data analysis were done on SPSS software. Results: The average age of the patients was 24.8 years. They were out of school and knew about the importance of prenatal consultations (83.3%). The majority of health workers were Nurses and Obstetricians (59.3%). The effective care (100%) given to the newborns was anthropometric measurements of the newborn and identification of the newborn. Treatments such as stimulated drying, skin-to-skin contact, warming, and administration of vitamin K1 were each administered at over 90%. The fight against heat loss by the head (14.1%) and early latching (41.5%) were insufficiently administered. Cord care was not provided at the Hospital prior to discharge for contextual reasons. The administration of ocular antiseptics was not administered in the hospital. Conclusion: The administration of essential newborn care at the referral health Center of the Commune 5 in Bamako has shortcomings.

关键词： Care Essentials Newborns Bamako

Comparative Studies on Reflection Defect between Textured and Planar Surface Based on TCO Materials

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Energy and Power Engineering 2022年第10期14卷 550-557页

作者： Alassane Diaw Papa Touty traore Awa Dieye Physics Department Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

This article presents, on the one hand, the performance of ARC by configurations ITO/Si, MgO/Si, and GeO2/Si. On the other hand, we study the impact of thickness on the reflection of OCTs, because the thickness of OCTs plays an important role on the optical properties and the variation of the reflection and transmission of TCO/Si heterojunctions as a function of thickness is also sown. And the last part of the paper, we will make a comparative study between the performance of silicon textured on the front side and that of silicon where the front side is planar. These two forms of silicon will be covered with ARC. For this, we will use the following materials ITO, MgO, and GeO2 and we represent the variation of the reflection of CAR on a planar surface and on a textured surface as a function of the wavelength. The results show that the reflection is low in textured surface compare to the planar surface.

关键词： Reflection TCO Textured Surface

Volvulus of the Sigmoid Colon without Necrosis: Therapeutic Aspects in Hospital Fousseyni Daou Hospital in Kayes, Mali

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Surgical Science 2022年第12期13卷 592-599页

作者： Lamine Issaga traore Sidy Sangare Mamaye Kouyate Gaoussou Sogoba Drissa Katile Adama S. Diakite Lassana Goita Sadio Dembele Djibril traore Drissa traore General Surgery Department of the Fousseyni DAOU Hospital Kayes Mali National Center for Scientific Research and Technology (CNRST) Bamako Mali Pediatric Surgery Department of the Fousseyni DAOU Hospital Kayes Mali Gastro-Hepato-Enterology Unit of the Fousseyni DAOU Hospital Kayes Mali Urology Department of Fousseyni DAOU Hospital Kayes Mali Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit at Fousseyni DAOU Hospital Kayes Mali General Surgery Department of Somine DOLO Hospital Mopti Mali General Surgery Department of the University Hospital of Point G Bamako Mali

The volvulus of the sigmoid is known since ancient Egypt. In the 5th century BC, hippocrates laid the foundations for its management. The first observation of this condition was not reported until 1836 by Von Rokitansky, and then in 1859, Melchior described its physiopathological consequences. It was the Norwegian Brusgaard who reported, for the first time, in 1947, the effectiveness of a non-operative treatment. Purpose: Describe morbidity, mortality and the impact of co-morbidity factors on the choice of operative techniques. Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study performed at the Fousseyni Daou Hospital in Kayes from January 2014 to December 2021. We included all patients operated for sigmoid volvulus without necrosis. The parameters studied were the comorbidity factor, surgical modalities, morbidity and mortality. Results: We collected 31 patients, of whom 29 were men and 2 were women, for a sex ratio of 14.5. The mean age was 55 years with extremes (29 - 78 years). Sigmoidectomy with colorectal anastomosis was performed in 19 cases (61.3%), the average age of these patients was 46.16 years, the comorbidity factor was 1 case (3.2%), the postoperative course was simple in 12 cases (63.1%), the morbidity was 6 cases (26.3%) and mortality 1 case (3.2%). Untwisting with colopexy was performed in 11 cases (35.5%), the average age was 65.91 years, comorbidities were present in 9 cases (82%), the postoperative course was simple in 9 cases (82%), morbidity was 1 case (9%) and mortality 1 case (9%). Hartman colostomy was performed in 1 case (3.2%), the age was 60 years, the morbidity was nil. Overall, the postoperative course was simple in 22 cases (71%), the overall morbidity was 7 cases (22.6%) and mortality 2 cases (6.4%). Conclusion: At the end of our study, we can note that the choice of the operative technique for the volvulus of the sigmoid without necrosis can be influenced by the presence of major comorbidity and the morbi-mortality

关键词： Volvulus without Necrosis Surgical Technique Comorbidity Morbidity Mortality

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外债对马里经济增长的影响研究

外债对马里经济增长的影响研究

作者： traore DYTINE 浙江师范大学

学位级别：硕士

债务问题是撒哈拉以南非洲国家面临的重要经济发展问题。合理利用外部投资、举借部分外债发展本国经济,是大部分非洲国家应对疫情冲击、融入经济全球化、实现国民经济发展的重要手段。然而,过度依赖外部资金无法按时偿还外债,则对经济... 详细信息

债务问题是撒哈拉以南非洲国家面临的重要经济发展问题。合理利用外部投资、举借部分外债发展本国经济,是大部分非洲国家应对疫情冲击、融入经济全球化、实现国民经济发展的重要手段。然而,过度依赖外部资金无法按时偿还外债,则对经济发展产生负面影响。学界对于外债和经济增长关系的研究一般分为三类,包括外债对经济增长的积极影响、消极影响以及非线性关系影响。马里是非洲中西部的低收入国家,长期依赖外部援助进行经济发展。本文主要研究外债对马里经济增长的影响,并提出适当的政策措施,减少外债对该国经济造成的负面影响,并在一定范围内发挥外债的积极作用,从而达到举债的最佳平衡点。本文采用了较为开放的宏观经济模型,其中主要包括一个外债指标:外债存量(DEX),以及从1990到2020的其它宏观经济变量:马里国内生产总值(GDP)、马里人口(POP)、马里进口价值(IMP)、马里的出口价值(EXP)和马里的公共开支(DEP)。实证分析采用了普通最小二乘法(OLS)、增强的Dickey-Fuller(ADF)单位根检验、Johansen协整检验、格兰杰因果关系检验和误差修正法(ECM)等计量经济学方法。研究结果表明,短期外债对马里的经济增长产生负面影响。协整检验表明,马里政府外债与经济增长之间存在一种非线性的“倒U型”关系。在合理的外债融资范围内,马里政府举借外债将增加社会公共投资,扩大税收基础,刺激马里经济增长。然而,如果马里政府外债超过一定规模的合理范围,将导致公共与私营投资减少、债务本金与利息增加、政府财政紧缩,对马里经济增长的拉动作用逐渐减弱甚至产生负面影响。因此,为了实现最佳的外债平衡点,马里政府需要采取一系列政策措施,包括:加强债务管理和监管、提高外债使用效率、推动经济结构转型升级、加强国际合作。综上所述,马里政府应该采取综合措施,平衡外债规模和使用效率,同时加强债务管理和监管,推动经济结构转型升级,提高国际合作水平,以实现最佳的外债平衡点,促进马里经济的可持续增长。本文的研究表明,尽管马里政府通过举借外债可以在短期内刺激经济增长,但是如果外债规模超过了外汇储备,将对马里经济增长带来负面影响。因此,长期来看,马里政府需要控制债务规模,降低债务风险,并积极参与世界银行和国际货币基金组织的缓债倡议。此外,马里政府还应该加强政府债务的透明度,避免所借贷款被国际资本重组,增加债务压力。同时,马里政府还应该制定相关政策,促进经济作物的多元化种植,扩大农产品的出口,以改善国内的出口结构,降低外债扩张所带来的潜在风险。最终,这些措施将有助于马里政府更加合理有效地利用外债,实现外部融资与经济发展、国内储蓄与本土投资的平衡,提高国内民生水平,增加民众福祉。

关键词：马里外债经济增长融资

A First Order Stationary Branching Negative Binomial Autoregressive Model with Application

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Open Journal of Statistics 2022年第6期12卷 810-826页

作者： Bakary traore Bonface Miya Malenje Herbert Imboga Department of Mathematics Pan African University Institute of Basic Science Technology and Innovation (PAUSTI) Nairobi Kenya Department of Statistics and Actuarial Sciences Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Nairobi Kenya

In the area of time series modelling, several applications are encountered in real-life that involve analysis of count time series data. The distribution characteristics and dependence structure are the major issues that arise while specifying a modelling strategy to handle the analysis of those kinds of data. Owing to the numerous applications there is a need to develop models that can capture these features. However, accounting for both aspects simultaneously presents complexities while specifying a modeling strategy. In this paper, an alternative statistical model able to deal with issues of discreteness, overdispersion, serial correlation over time is proposed. In particular, we adopt a branching mechanism to develop a first-order stationary negative binomial autoregressive model. Inference is based on maximum likelihood estimation and a simulation study is conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed approach. As an illustration, the model is applied to a real-life dataset in crime analysis.

关键词： Branching Process Negative Binomial Time Series of Count Data Serial Dependence Overdispersion

Drought Monitoring and Assessment of Climate Parameters Variability in Koutiala and San Districts, Mali

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American Journal of Climate Change 2022年第3期11卷 230-249页

作者： Diarra Doukoro Georges Abbevi Abbey traore Kalifa West African Science Service Center on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use WASCAL Lome Togo DRP Climate Change Disaster Risk Management University of Lomé Lome Togo Department of Geography University of Lomé Lome Togo Department of Agronomy Agricultural Enterprises Management University of Lomé Lome Togo Institute of Rural Economy in Sotuba Bamako Mali

In Mali, the annual temperature, rainfall, and evapotranspiration are high variables. Their distributions are unevenly spread from north to south. Climate change strengthens to increase air temperature and evapotranspiration. It also increases the intense rainstorms and the risk of drought associated heat waves. Drought is considered a natural disaster among all hydrologic extremes. It causes severe damage to the environment, agriculture, and livelihoods relying on water resources. The present study evaluated the variation of drought indices from 1989 to 2019 in Koutiala and San districts, respectively. Therefore, the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) was applied. Hence, the Mann-Kendall (MK) test was used and for 12-month time-scales. Trend analysis of monthly precipitation, temperature, and evapotranspiration has been done by using the MK test. Based on the analysis result, the climate of the Koutiala and San districts has been classified as moderate to severe drought category. However, this result clearly shows SPEI pattern changes in both districts. The monthly precipitation showed a significant decreasing trend in Koutiala and San districts. In comparison, the monthly temperature and evapotranspiration displayed an increasing trend in both districts.

关键词： Drought Climate Parameters SPEI Trend Mann-Kendall Koutiala San Mali

Enhancing the reusability and interoperability of artificial neural networks with DEVS modeling and simulation

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2016年第2期7卷 88-108页

作者： David Ifeoluwa Adelani Mamadou Kaba traore Department of Computer Science African University of Science and Technology AbujaNigeria LIMOS CNRS UMR 6158 Universit´e Blaise PascalClermont-Ferrand 2 Campus des Cezeaux63173 Aubiere

Artificial neural networks(ANNs),a branch of artificial intelligence,has become a very interesting domain since the eighties when back-propagation(BP)learning algorithm for multilayer feed-forward architecture was introduced to solve nonlinear *** is used extensively to solve complex nonalgorithmic problems such as prediction,pattern recognition and ***,in the context of a holistic study,there may be a need to integrate ANN with other models developed in various paradigms to solve a *** this paper,we suggest discrete event system specification(DEVS)be used as a model of computation(MoC)to make ANN models interoperable with other models(since all discrete event models can be expressed in DEVS,and continuous models can be approximated by DEVS).By combining ANN and DEVS,we can model the complex configuration of ANNs and express its internal ***,we are extending the DEVS-based ANN proposed by Toma et al.[A new DEVS-based generic art-ficial neural network modeling approach,The 23rd European Modeling and Simulation Symp.(Simulation in Industry),Rome,Italy,2011]for comparing multiple configuration parameters and learning algorithms and also to do *** DEVS models are described using the high level language for system specification(HiLLS),[Ma¨ıga et al.,A new approach to modeling dynamic structure systems,The 29th European Modeling and Simulation Symp.(Simulation in Industry),Leicester,United Kingdom,2015]a graphical modeling language for *** developed platform is a tool to transform ANN models into DEVS computational models,making them more reusable and more interoperable in the context of larger multi-perspective modeling and simulation(MAS).

关键词： Artificial neural networks DEVS Z-schema reusability interoperability HiLLS learning algorithm modeling and simulation