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Molecular Characterization and Technological Properties of Lactic Acid Bacteria, Bacillus and Yeast of Probiotic Interest Isolated from Fermented Porridges

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2022年第7期13卷 284-297页

作者： boureima kagambèga Namwin Siourimè Somda Hama Cissé Oumarou Zongo Yves Traoré Aly Savadogo Laboratoire de Biochimie et Immunologie Appliquées (LABIA) Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST)/IRSAT/Département Technologie Alimentaire (DTA)/Direction Régionale de l’Ouest Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences et Techniques (UFR/ST) Université Thomas SANKARA Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Cereal-based porridges are among fermented foods with a composite microbiota. The objective of this work is to characterize the microbiota of porridge. Samples of porridge were collected in Ouagadougou and analyzed according to standard methods in microbiology. The presumed strains obtained were characterized by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Technological abilities were estimated by tests for resistance to acid pH, bile, antibiotics and antimicrobial, proteolytic and lipolytic activities. All presumptive Bacillus, lactic acid bacteria and yeast were characterized by PCR. Four (BC1a;BC9b;BC2a and BC1b) strains were confirmed to Bacillus by PCR, 6 strains to Lactobacillus and only to Saccharomyces cerevisiae. All strains were sensitive to two antibiotics gentamycin and imipenem. In contrast, all strains were resistant to oxacillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, streptomycin, penicillin and ticarcillin. Strains tested were resistant to bile but in terms of pH this resistance was relative. Potential probiotic strains have been shown to be effective in inhibiting pathogens. Proteolytic and lipolytic activities were positive on all strains. The characterization of strains, although concerned with a non-exhaustive list of primers, has made it possible to confirm the strains that may be of good quality probiotics if a quantitative study is carried out on technological aptitudes.

关键词： Bacillus Lactic Bacteria Yeast Porridge Probiotic

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Bifurcation and Stability Analysis in Complex Cross-Diffusion Mathematical Model of Phytoplankton-Fish Dynamics

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Journal of Partial Differential Equations 2019年第3期32卷 207-228页

作者： OUEDRAOGO Hamidou OUEDRAOGO Wendkouni SANgaRE boureima Universite Nazi BONIf Unite de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences et Techniques(UFR/ST) Departement de Mathematicjues et Informatiques01 BP 1091 Bobo Dsso 01Burkina Faso

In this paper,we propose a nonlinear reaction-diffusion system describing the interaction between toxin-producing phytoplankton and fish *** analyze the effect of cross-diffusion on the dynamics of the *** mathematical study of the model leads us to have an idea on the existence of a solution,the existence of equilibria and the stability of the stationary ***,numerical simulations performed at two-dimensions allowed us to establish the formation of spatial patterns and a threshold of release of the toxin,above which we talk about the phytoplankton blooms.

关键词： Toxin effect populations dynamics predator-prey model reaction-diffusion system bifurcation pattern formation

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Phenotypic and Genotypic Antibiotic Resistant Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli Isolated from Patients with Diarrhea in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

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Advances in Microbiology 2023年第7期13卷 347-359页

作者： Haoua Cissé Assèta kagambèga Soutongnooma Caroline Bouda Abdallah Sawadogo Nicolas Barro Laboratoire de Biologie Molé culaire d’Epid&eacutemiologie et de Surveillance des agents Transmissibles par les Aliments (LaBESTA) Universit&eacute Joseph KI-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Ecole Normale Supé rieure (ENS) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Background: The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria have become a major public health problem worldwide, particularly in developing countries such as Burkina Faso. This study aims to determine phenotypic and genotypic antibiotic resistant diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) from patients with diarrhea in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Methodology: Microbiological and biochemical analysis were done to detect two hundred and ninety-two (292) strains. The susceptibility of the strains to antibiotics was determined by the agar disc diffusion method. 16-plex-PCR assays were carried out to detect both virulence and resistance genes encoding betalactams, quinolones, phenicols, tetracyclines and virulence gene of DEC. Results: Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli was detected in 8% (23/292) of patients with diarrhea using the 16-plex-PCR and 39.1% (9/23) of the DEC detected carry at least one resistance gene. Resistance rate in disc diffusion test was 86.96% to tetracycline, 65.23% to cotrimoxazole, 17.4% to nalidixic acid, 17.4% to norfloxacin, 17.4% to ciprofloxacin, 13.04% to ceftriaxone, 13.04% to cefotaxime, 8.7% to gentamicin, 8.7% to Chloramphenicol, 0% to netilmicin. The prevalence of different resistance genes in the studied strains varied from 44.4% to 5.5%. The gene Tet coding for resistance to tetracycline was found in 8 strains (44.4%). The CatA gene coding for resistance to Chloramphenicol was detected in 38.9% of isolates. The qnrS, blaSHV and blaOXA genes were each detected in 5.5% of isolates. No strain hosts the qnrA, qnrB and blaTEM genes. Conclusion: This study identified β-lactams, quinolones, phenicols and tetracyclines resistance genes in DEC isolates from patients with diarrhea in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. These results indicate the need for a surveillance program to reduce the prevalence of resistance to Enterobacteriaceae strains in hospitals.

关键词： Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli Phenotypic Genotypic Resistance Ouagadougou

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Detection of Campylobacter sp. from Poultry Feces in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2021年第2期12卷 107-114页

作者： Assèta kagambèga Alexandre Thibodeau Daniel K. Soro Nicolas Barro Philippe Fravalo Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire d’épidémiologie et de surveillance des bactéries et virus transmissibles par les aliments (LaBESTA)/Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologies (EDST)/Université Joseph KI-ZERBOOuagadougou Burkina Faso Institut Des Sciences (IDS) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Veterinary Medicine Faculty Department of Pathology and Microbiology NSERC Industrial Research Chair in Meat-Safety (CRSV) University of Montreal Saint-Hyacinthe QC Canada

Background: Campylobacter contamination in poultry and poultry product has been reported worldwide. The present study aims to determine the prevalence of Campylobacter in poultry feces using selective enrichment Bolton broth and multiplex PCR. Method: Two methods were used in this study: the first was direct plating of poultry feces into mCCDA agar plates. The second, three antibiotics were used at different concentrations to add in Bolton broth supplemented. These antibiotics were Rifampicin (Oxoid, Nepean, Ontario) with 10 mg/L, colistin (Oxoid, Nepean, Ontario) with 1 mg/mL and 2 mg/mL;trimethoprim (Oxoid, Nepean, Ontario) with 10 mg/L. The colonies with typical campylobacter morphology on blood agar (little, red and

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Study of Axisymmetric Infinite Guide Lined with Locally Reacting Material without Flow Using DtN Operators

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 572-588页

作者： boureima Ouedraogo Emmanuel Redon Department of Physics and Chimistry C.U. Kaya Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso ESIREM Université de Bourgogne Dijon France

The present work proposed a new method for the modeling by the finite element method of the acoustic propagation problems in infinite axisymmetric cylindrical guides lined with locally reacting absorbent materials without flow. The method deals with the development of an efficient transparent boundary condition based on DtN operators. The method developed in this study is successfully applied to a straight axisymmetric lined guide by imposing a mode on one of the artificial boundaries of the truncated guide. The results are in good agreement with analytical solutions. Applying the method for a non-uniform axisymmetric lined guide which is a complex case, proved its effectiveness and the results compared to those of PML layers are in very good agreement.

关键词： DtN Operator Axisymmetric Cylindrical Guides Finite Element Method Modes

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A Note on Solutions for Asymptotically Linear Elliptic Systems

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2008年第3期24卷 511-522页

作者： Lei-ga Zhao Department of Mathematics Beijing University of Chemical Technology 100029 Beijing China Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Department of Mathematics Yunnan Normal University Kunming 650092 China

In this paper, we are concerned with the elliptic system of{ -△u＋V（x）u=g（x,v）, x∈R^N, -△v＋V（x）v=f（x,u）, x∈R^N, where V（x） is a continuous potential well, f, g are continuous and asymptotically linear as t→∞. The existence of a positive solution and ground state solution are established via variational methods.

关键词： Elliptic system ground state solution variational methods concentration-compactness principle

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Experimental Study of Temperature and Humidity Variations in an Incubator Fitted with a Flat-Plate Collector

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Smart Grid and Renewable Energy 2024年第11期15卷 267-275页

作者： Germain Wende Pouiré Ouedraogo boureima Dianda boureima Kabore Carole Flaviane Teguiwendé Sawadogo Sié Kam Ecole Suprieure dIngnierie (ESI) Universit Yembila Abdoulaye TOGUYENI Fada NGourma Burkina Faso Laboratoire dEnergies Thermiques Renouvelables Universit Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre national de la recherche scientifique et technologique Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Unit de Formation et de Recherche Sciences et Technologies (UR-ST) Universit Norbert ZONGO Koudougou Burkina Faso

In Burkina Faso, where livestock farming is widely practiced, particularly in rural areas without access to electricity, solar energy offers a viable alternative due to the country’s abundant sunshine. To support poultry farmers in increasing their production, we developed a solar-powered incubator equipped with a flat-plate collector, requiring no grid electricity. This is a new approach that we want to experiment with because the incubators on the global market operate either with the electricity grid, photovoltaic, gas or oil and not a solar thermal concentrator. This solar concentrator represents the heat source of the device during the day. We plan to look for rocks with high thermal inertia in order to heat them during the day using another flat solar concentrator and then introduce them into the incubator at night to continue the incubation process. In 2022, we conducted a simulation to study temperature variation inside the incubator. In this work, we built a prototype to experimentally evaluate key hydrothermal properties such as air temperature and humidity. Furthermore, we will not introduce rocks into the incubator overnight but will let the system run overnight to see how the hygrothermal properties vary. The findings revealed temperature fluctuations from 25˚C to 65˚C, instead of the desired 36˚C to 38˚C, and humidity levels ranging from 15% to 57%, instead of the target 55% to 75%. Solutions have been proposed to enhance the system’s performance.

关键词： Solar Incubator Flat-Plate Collector Hygrothermal Properties

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Prevalence of Salmonella in Fresh Produce Tomatoes Sold in Open Market in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2023年第12期14卷 1259-1268页

作者： Hanseni Bognini Assèta kagambèga WP Bertrand Tiendrebeogo Abdallah Sawadogo Nicolas Barro Théodore Knight-Jones Michel Dione Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire D’épidémiologie et de Surveillance des Bactéries et Virus Transmissibles par les Aliments (LaBESTA)/Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologies (EDST)/Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Ecole Normale Supérieure Ministère des Enseignement Supérieur de la Recherche Scientifique et de L’innovation Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Animal and Human Health Program International Livestock Research Institute Rue 18 Cité Mamelles BP Ouakam Dakar Senegal

Tomato is a widely consumed vegetable in Burkina Faso and throughout the world. However, when handled improperly, it can serve as a vector of pathogen transmission to human if ingested raw or through cross-contamination with cooked food. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Salmonella spp from tomatoes sold in the markets of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso and characteristics of vending conditions. One hundred and ninety-eight (198) different tomato samples were randomly purchased from one hundred and thirteen (113) different vendors in the markets of Ouagadougou. The samples were examined and classified into three categories according to their texture and the level of deterioration. The prevalence of Salmonella spp identification was determined using standard microbiological methods. A survey was conducted using a questionnaire on transport and vending conditions for tomatoes. In total, Salmonella prevalence was 19.19% in all tomato’s samples analyzed and was 18.18% for intact category, 22.73% in D2 category and 16.67% in category D4. The survey revealed poor transport and sales conditions for the majority of tomato sellers. The present study revealed the presence of Salmonella in tomatoes samples. These results highlight the risk associated with the consumption of tomatoes if hygienic practices are not respected during tomatoes handling and preparation. The results of the study also show the need to wash tomatoes systematically after purchase with a disinfectant, especially tomatoes sold in open markets in developing countries.

关键词： Salmonella Tomatoes Hygiene Food Security

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Failure behavior of soil-rock mixture slopes based on centrifuge model test

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第8期16卷 1928-1942页

作者： WANG Teng ZHANG ga State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering Tsinghua University

The stability of soil-rock mixtures(SRMs) that widely distributed in slopes is of significant concern for slope safety evaluation and disaster prevention. The failure behavior of SRM slopes under surface loading conditions was investigated through a series of centrifuge model tests considering various volumetric gravel contents. The displacement field of the slope was determined with image-based displacement system to observe the deformation of the soil and the movement of the block during loading in the tests. The test results showed that the ultimate bearing capacity and the stiffness of SRM slopes increased evidently when the volumetric block content exceeded a threshold value. Moreover, there were more evident slips around the blocks in the SRM slope. The microscopic analysis of the block motion showed that the rotation of the blocks could aggravate the deformation localization to facilitate the development of the slip surface. The high correlation between the rotation of the key blocks and the slope failure indicated that the blocks became the dominant load-bearing medium that influenced the slope failure. The blocks in the sliding body formed a chain to bear the load and change the displacement distribution of the adjacent matrix sand through the block rotation.

关键词： Soil rock mixture Slope stability Slope failure Centrifuge model test

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Centrifuge model tests on pile-reinforced slopes subjected to drawdown

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2020年第6期12卷 1290-1300页

作者： Sujia Liu Fangyue Luo ga Zhang State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

Piles are generally an effective way to reduce the risk of slope ***,previous approaches for slope stability analysis did not consider the effect of the piles coupled with the decrease of the water level(drawdown).In this study,a series of centrifuge model tests was performed to understand the deformation and failure characteristics of slopes reinforced with various pile *** the centrifuge model tests,the pile-reinforced slopes exhibited two typical failure modes under drawdown conditions:across-pile failure and through-pile *** the through-pile slope failure,a discontinuous slip surface was observed,implying that the assumption of the slip surface in previous stability analysis methods was *** test results showed that drawdown led to instability of the piles in cohesive soil,as the saturated cohesive soil failed to provide sufficient constraint for *** slope exhibited progressive failure,from top to bottom,during *** deformation of the piles was reduced by increasing the embedment depth and row number of *** addition,the deformation of soils outside the piles was influenced by the piles and showed a similar distribution shape as the piles,and the similarity degree weakened as the distance from the piles *** study also found that the failure mechanism of unreinforced and pile-reinforced slopes induced by drawdown could be described by coupling between the deformation localization and local failure,and it revealed that pile-reinforced slopes could reduce slope deformation localization during drawdown.

关键词： Slope Pile Drawdown Failure Reinforcement Centrifuge model test

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