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The Role of m.thane and m.thane Hydrates in the Evolution of Global Clim.te

Am.rican Journal of Clim.te Change 2018年第2期7卷 236-252页

作者： Sarah Kh. Lifshits Vladim.r B. Spektor boris m. kershengolts Valentin V. Spektor Siberian Branch of Russian Academ. of Sciences Institute of Oil and Gas Problems Yakutsk Russia Siberian Branch of Russian Academ. of Sciences Melnikov Permafrost Institute Yakutsk Russia Siberian Branch of Russian Academ. of Sciences Institute for Biological Problems of Cryolithozone Yakutsk Russia

For the first tim., functioning of the planetary clim.te system.is considered in term. of the self-organization laws with account of positive and negative feedbacks. It is shown that the m.xim.m.risks in the developm.nt of positive feedbacks that can lead the clim.te system.to a planetary catastrophe, are associated with an unprecedented increase in the concentration of m.thane in the atm.sphere. Over the last 30 years, its concentration in the atm.sphere has increased by 2.5 tim.s and continues to grow exponentially. In this review, we show that today the principal source for increase of m.thane concentration in the atm.sphere is the self-accelerating decom.osition of m.thane hydrates in the cryosphere of the Northern Hem.sphere. In the history of the Earth, the em.ssions of m.thane into the atm.sphere due to m.ss decom.osition of m.thane hydrates led to clim.te-induced biosphere catastrophes. Paleo-reconstruction analysis of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atm.sphere and its tem.erature over the last 420,000 years has allowed us to conclude that the self-organizing planetary clim.te system.is currently in a state of dynam.c chaos (close to the bifurcation point). This m.ans that even a relatively weak im.act on it, also of anthropogenic characters, is able to affect the planetary clim.te system.to select its future developm.nt trajectory.

关键词： Greenhouse Effect Decom.osition of m.thane Hydrates Perm.frost Biosphere Catastrophe Self-Regulation in the Global Clim.te System

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Interface-induced warping in hybrid two-dim.nsional m.terials

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Nano Research 2015年第6期8卷 2015-2023页

作者： John m. Aired Zhuhua Zhang Zhili Hu boris I. Yakobson Departm.nt of m.terial Science and Nanoengineering Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA

Two-dim.nsional hybrid m.terials consisting of heterogeneous dom.ins have been of great interest. Using em.irical m.lecular dynam.cal sim.lation, we show that the m.rphology of such hybrid 2D m.terials can extend into the third dim.nsion via strong warping intrinsic to the interfaces between the dom.ins. The interface warping stem. from.the com.ressive stress in the dom.in with a larger lattice constant and even penetrates into the stretched dom.in. Based on classic plate theory, we analytically quantify the am.litude, wave length and penetration depth of the interface warping as functions of the lattice m.sm.tch, achieving good agreem.nt with the sim.lations. m.reover, we propose that periodically placing pentagon-heptagon dislocations along the interface can elim.nate the warping in the 2D m.terial and such defective interface can be m.re favorable than the warped one over a critical dom.in size, which is consistent with recent experim.ntal observations. Our results suggest that the interface warping in 2D hybrid m.terials should be considered in further exploring their prom.sing properties.

关键词： graphene interface rippling m.chanical property hybrid 2D m.terials

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Post-Late Paleozoic Collisional Fram.work of Southern Great Altai

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2012年第5期86卷 1093-1104页

作者： boris m. CHIKOV Sergei V. ZINOVIEV Еugene V. DEYEV Institute of Geology Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences Novosibirsk 630090 Russia

We outline the post-Late Paleozoic （latest Perm.an to Cenozoic） collisional fram.work of the southern Great Altai （Central Asia） produced by the convergence between the Tuva-m.ngolia and Junggar continental terranes （m.croplates）. The collisional structures in the region classified on the basis of their geom.try and deform.tion style, dynam.c m.tam.rphism. and com.ositions of tectonites are of three m.in types：（1） m.saic terranes m.de up of large weakly deform.d Paleozoic blocks separated by younger shear zones; （2） contractional deform.tion system. involving structures form.d in post-Late Paleozoic tim., parallel faults oriented along collisional deform.tion system., and relict lenses of Paleozoic orogenic com.lexes; and （3） isolated zones of dynam.c m.tam.rphism.com.osed m.stly of collisional tectonites different in com.osition and alteration grade.

关键词： continental collision post-Late Paleozoic events tectonic fram.work dynam.c m.tam.rphism Altai Central Asia

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Surface-enhanced Ram.n scattering inside Au@Ag core/shell nanorods

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Nano Research 2016年第8期9卷 2303-2318页

作者： boris Khlebtsov Institute of Biochem.stry and Physiology of Plants and m.croorganism. Russian Academy of Sciences Saratov 410049 Russia Saratov National Research State University Saratov 410012 Russia

The design and synthesis of plasm.nic nanoparticles with Ram.n-active m.lecules em.edded inside them.are of significant interest for sensing and im.ging applications. However, direct synthesis of such nanostructures with controllable shape, size, and plasm.nic properties rem.ins extrem.ly challenging. Here we report on the preparation of uniform.Au@Ag core/sheU nanorods with controllable Ag shells of 1 to 25 nm.in thickness. 1,4-Am.nothiophenol （4-ATP） m.lecules, used as the Ram.n reporters, were located between the Au core and the Ag shell. Successful em.edding of reporter m.lecules inside the core/shell nanoparticles was confirm.d by the absence of selective oxidation of the am.no groups, as m.asured by Ram.n spectroscopy. The dependence of Ram.n intensity on the location of the reporter m.lecules in the inside and outside of the nanorods was studied. The m.lecules in the interior showed strong and uniform.Ram.n intensity, at least an order of m.gnitude higher than that of the m.lecules on the nanoparticle surface. In contrast to the usual surface-functionalized Ram.n tags, aggregation and clustering of nanoparticles with em.edded m.lecules decreased the surface-enhanced Ram.n scattering （SERS） signal. The findings from.this study provide the basis for a novel detection technique of low analyte concentration utilizing the high SERS response of m.lecules inside the core/shell m.tal nanostructures. As an exam.le, we show robust SERS detection of thiram.fungicide as low as 10-9 m.in solutions.

关键词： surface-enhanced Ram.nscattering (SERS) Au@Ag nanorods nanocuboids m.ltipole plasm.ns

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Reactive Extraction of Alcohols from.Apolar Hydrocarbons with Aqueous Solutions

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2006年第2期11卷 222-227页

作者： boris Kuzm.novi Norbert J. m. Kuipers André B. de Haan Gerard Kwant Akzo Nobel Chem.cals Research Arnhem The Netherlands University of Twente Enschede The Netherlands DSm.Research Geleen The Netherlands

The aqueous solutions are evaluated as sustainable reactive extraction solvents for the recovery of m.nohydroxyl alcohols （benzyl alcohol, 1-hexanol, cyclohexanol） present in few-percent concentrations in apolar hydrocarbons （toluene, n-hexane, and cyclohexane） by considering two approaches. An aqueous solution containing a reactive extractant, like borate salts, borate com.lexes, a m.nosalt of dicarboxylic acid, hydroxypropyl-cyclodextrins, and silver nitrate, shows lim.ted potential to be used. Another approach, in which the alcohol is chem.cally m.dified prior to the extraction into an easy-extractable form. in this case a m.noester/carboxylic acid, shows m.ch m.re potential. An environm.ntally benign aqueous solution of sodium.hydrogen carbonate can provide a distribution ratio of benzyl alcohol up to 200, leaving the solubility of the organic solvent in the aqueous solution unchanged relative to pure water and therefore increasing the selectivity with two orders of m.gnitude. The m.dification of arom.tic, cyclo-aliphatic, and linear aliphatic alcohols can be perform.d efficiently in the apolar organic solvent without need for a catalyst. The recovery of the m.dified alcohol can be perform.d by back-extraction in com.ination with a spontaneous hydrolysis.

关键词： reactive extraction alcohol polar hydrocarbons

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Capacitance,charge dynam.cs,and electrolyte-surface interactions in functionalized carbide-derived carbon electrodes

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Progress in Natural Science:m.terials International 2015年第6期25卷 631-641页

作者： boris Dyatkin Eugene m.m.ntov Kevin m.Cook Yury Gogotsi Departm.nt of m.terials Science & Engineering and A.J.Drexel Nanom.terials Institute Drexel University Spallation Neutron Source Oak Ridge National Laboratory m.terials Engineering Division Naval Air Systems Command

This study analyzed the dynam.cs of ionic liquid electrolyte inside of defunctionalized,hydrogenated,and am.nated pores of carbide-derived carbon supercapacitor *** approach tailors surface functionalities and tunes nanoporous structures to decouple the influence of pore wall com.osition on capacitance,ionic resistance,and long-term.***-elastic neutron scattering probes the self-diffusion properties and electrode-ion interactions of electrolyte m.lecules confined in functionalized ***-tem.erature ionic liquid interactions in confined pores are strongest when the hydrogen-containing groups are present on the *** property translates into higher capacitance and greater ion transport through pores during electrochem.cal *** hydrogenated pores,am.nated pores do not favorably interact with ionic liquid ions and,subsequently,are outperform.d by defunctionalized surfaces.

关键词： Supercapacitor Carbide-derived carbon Neutron scattering Energy storage Porous m.terials Surface chem.stry

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m.chanism.of the Initial Stage of Therm.l Decom.osition of Nitroguanidine

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火炸药学报 2023年第1期46卷 31-40页

作者： boris E.Krisyuk Danila A.m.rkin Tim.fey m.Sypko Viktor V.Zakharov Nikita V.Chukanov boris L.Korsunskiy Federal Research Center of Problem. of Chem.cal Physics and m.dicinal Chem.stry Russian Academy of Sciences142432prosp.Academician Semenov1ChernogolovkaMoscow RegionRussia Plekhanov Russian University of Econom.cs Department of Chemistry and Physics36 Stremyanny laneMoscow 117997Russia Lom.nosov m.scow State University Faculty of Fundamental Physical and Chemical engineeringGSP-11 Leninskie Goryp.51Moscow 119991Russia N.N.Sem.nov Federal Research Center for Chem.cal Physics Russian Academ. of Science 4 Kosygina StreetBuilding 1Moscow 119991Russia

A theoretical and experim.ntal study of the therm.l decom.osition of nitroguanidine(NQ) has been carried out. Various therm.lysis channels were studied by quantum.chem.stry m.thods at the CCSD(or DLPNO-CCSD) level using the aug-cc-pVDZ basis set. It is shown that the lowest activation enthalpies(170-180kJ/m.l) are characteristic of the reactions of NO2abstraction from.the initial NQ and the reaction channel with the transfer of oxygen from.the nitro group to carbon in the lim.ting stage. Additionally, the therm.lysis of NQ was studied experim.ntally in a nonisotherm.l m.de with heating rates from.1 to 10K/m.n. In these experim.nts, the weight loss of the sam.le, therm.l effects, and m.ss spectra of the products were recorded. An analysis of the experim.ntal data confirm.d the results of a theoretical study of the m.chanism.of therm.l decom.osition of NQ. The m.in therm.lysis products are N2O, HNCO, NH3, and NO2, which fully corresponds to quantum.chem.cal calculations.

关键词： prim.ry therm.lysis steps quantum.chem.cal calculation m.ss spectrom.try DSC TG

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The Soviet and Am.rican Business： Unique Exam.les of Econom.c Collaboration, 1920s- 1930s

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History Research 2012年第3期2卷 178-194页

作者： boris m. Shpotov Institute of World History Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia

Concessions and technical assistance, described in this article, are historical exam.les of private-public partnership, which appeared in the industrial era. Even in hom.geneous econom.c, political and legal system., the business and state co-operation does not always reach harm.ny and consensus. Here, the researchers observe m.re com.licated, contradictory and som.tim.s tense relations between the Soviet state institutions and the Western, particularly Am.rican com.anies, who participated in econom.c m.dernization of post-revolutionary Russia, initiated by its leadership. After term.nation of the New Econom.c Policy （NEP）（Dziewanowski, 1989, pp. 129-137, 155）, and taking foreign concessions back to the state by the beginning of 1930s, the Soviet Union was preparing to becom., in a few years, a high-rank industrial power. Giant Am.rican steel-m.king m.lls, autom.bile and tractor factories, assem.ling lines, oil-extracting, and oil-cracking installations, etc. attracted Soviet political leaders, ＂red directors＂ and engineers as the best exam.les to follow up. They were going to accom.lish their plans by m.ans of wide technological transfer： ordering and purchasing factory designs, patents and know-how, training Russian workers and technicians both abroad and at the Soviet constructions sites by placing them.under supervision of contracted foreign specialists. However, the adoption of m.chinery and technologies without due organization and chains of supply dim.nished and distorted expected results.

关键词： concessions investm.nts technical assistance industrialization

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Integrating geographical inform.tion in the Linked Digital Earth

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2014年第7期7卷 554-575页

作者： Luis m.Vilches-Blazquez boris Villazon-Terrazas Oscar Corcho Asuncion Gom.z-Perez Ontology Engineering Group Departamento de Inteligencia ArtificialFacultad de InformaticaUniversidad Politecnica de MadridMadridSpain

m.ny progresses have been m.de since the Digital Earth notion was envisioned thirteen years ***,the m.chanism.for integrating geographic inform.-tion into the Digital Earth is still quite *** this context,we have developed a process to generate,integrate and publish geospatial Linked Data from.several Spanish National *** data-sets are related to four Infrastructure for Spatial Inform.tion in the European Com.unity(INSPIRE)them.s,specifically with Adm.nistrative units,Hydrography,Statistical units,and *** m.in goal is to com.ine different sources(heterogeneous,m.ltidisciplinary,m.ltitem.oral,m.ltiresolution,and m.ltilingual)using Linked Data *** goal allows the overcom.ng of current problem. of inform.tion integration and driving geographical inform.tion toward the next decade scenario,that is,‘Linked Digital Earth’.

关键词： geographical inform.tion integration Digital Earth Linked Data

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A case of severe refractive changes induced by Galyfilcon A silicone hydrogel contact lenses

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International Journal of Ophthalm.logy(English edition) 2016年第1期9卷 175-177页

作者： boris Severinsky New England College of Optom.try Boston 02115 USA

Dear Sir, I＇m.boris Severinsky from.the New England College of Optom.try, Boston, USA. I write you to present an interesting case of extrem. refractive and corneal topography changes induced by daily wearing of Acuv... 详细信息

关键词： A case of severe refractive changes induced by Galyfilcon A silicone hydrogel contact lenses case Vision Figure

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