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Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes of Pregnant Women with Heart Disease in Three Yaoundéreferral Hospitals

Open journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2022年第1期12卷 93-103页

作者： jean Dupont Kemfang Ngowa Calixte Galilée Fotsing Kengne Christiane Nsahlai boombhi jérôme Felix Essiben Wilfried Loic Tatsipie jovanny Tsuala Fouogue Pascal Foumane Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of the University of Yaounde 1 Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Internal medicine/Cardiology Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of the University of Yaounde 1 Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Obstetrics Gynaecology and Maternal Health Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences of the University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

Heart disease in pregnancy is the cause of significant maternal and perinatal morbidity. We wanted to evaluate the maternal and perinatal outcomes of pregnant women with heart disease in Yaoundé, Cameroon. This was a... 详细信息

Heart disease in pregnancy is the cause of significant maternal and perinatal morbidity. We wanted to evaluate the maternal and perinatal outcomes me="_Hlk89187857">of pregnant women with heart disease in Yaoundé, Cameroon. This was a cross sectional study with retrospective data collection of 45 pregnancies in 42 women with heart disease followed at three Yaoundé referral hospitals in Yaoundé, Cameroon from January 1st 2015 to December 31st 2020. We collected data on maternal obstetrical and perinatal outcomes. The frequency of pregnancies with heart diseases was 0.1%. The mean maternal age was 29.05 ± 6.5 years. At first antenatal visit, all patients were in class I (84.4%) and II (15.6%) of the New-York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class. Valvular heart disease (51.1%) was the most common type followed by cardiomyopathy (37.7%). Over half of the deliveries were vaginal (51.1%). A cesarean section was generally indicated for the usual obstetrical reasons (54.5%) and for heart disease (31.8%). Complications included 17 (37.7%) cases of heart failure, 6 (13.3%) cases of pulmonary edema, 2 (04.4%) cases of pulmonary embolism, 3 (06.6%) maternal deaths and 3 (06.3%) perinatal deaths, 14 (29.7%) premature births and 3 cases of (6.3%) intrauterine growth retardation. The maternal deaths were cases complicated by pulmonary edema and all had dilated cardiomyopathy. The maternal and perinatal outcomes of pregnant women with heart disease are marked in our environment by increasedrdan

关键词： Heart Disease Pregnancy Perinatal Delivery Cesarean Section

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Analysis of mid-spatial frequency wavefront distortions from a liquid-cooled flash-lamp pumped Nd:phosphate laser amplifier

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 24-29页

作者： Pierre-Marie Dalbies Sandy Cavaro Edouard Bordenave Nathalie Blanchot julien G.Moreau jérôme Neauport CEA CESTA Le BarpFrance

Mid-spatial frequency wavefront deformation can be deleterious for the operation of high-energy laser systems. When fluid cooled high-repetition-rate amplifiers are used, the coolant flow is likely to induce such detrimental mid-spatial frequency wavefront deformations. Here, we describe the design and performance of a 90 mm × 90 mm aperture, liquid-cooled Nd:phosphate split-slab laser amplifier pumped by flash-lamps. The performance of the system is evaluated in terms of wavefront aberration and gain at repetition rates down to 1 shot per minute. The results show that this single cooled split-slab system exhibits low wavefront distortions in the medium to large period range, compatible with a focus on target, and despite the use of liquid coolant traversed by both pump and amplified wavelengths. This makes it a potential candidate for applications in large high-energy laser facilities.

关键词： flash-lamp pumping high-power laser laser cooling neodymium glass wavefront error

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Lax-Oleinik-Type Formulas and Efficient Algorithms for Certain High-Dimensional Optimal Control Problems

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第2期6卷 1428-1471页

作者： Paula Chen jerome Darbon Tingwei meng Division of Applied Mathematics Brown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA Department of Mathematics UCLALos AngelesCAUSA

Two of the main challenges in optimal control are solving problems with state-dependent running costs and developing efficient numerical solvers that are computationally tractable in high *** this paper,we provide analytical solutions to certain optimal control problems whose running cost depends on the state variable and with constraints on the *** also provide Lax-Oleinik-type representation formulas for the corresponding Hamilton-jacobi partial differential equations with state-dependent ***,we present an efficient,grid-free numerical solver based on our representation formulas,which is shown to scale linearly with the state dimension,and thus,to overcome the curse of *** existing optimization methods and the min-plus technique,we extend our numerical solvers to address more general classes of convex and nonconvex initial *** demonstrate the capabilities of our numerical solvers using implementations on a central processing unit(CPU)and a field-programmable gate array(FPGA).In several cases,our FPGA implementation obtains over a 10 times speedup compared to the CPU,which demonstrates the promising performance boosts FPGAs can *** numerical results show that our solvers have the potential to serve as a building block for solving broader classes of high-dimensional optimal control problems in real-time.

关键词： Optimal control Hamilton-jacobi partial differential equations Grid-free numerical methods High dimensions Field-programmable gate arrays(FPGAs)

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Dynamic Modelling of a Hybrid Variable reluctance Machine Using the 3D Finite Element method

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journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications 2024年第7期16卷 103-113页

作者： Dingamadji Hilaire Belemdara jérôme Mbaïnaïbeye Department of Physics and Engineering Sciences University of NDjamena NDjamena Chad Department of Physics University of Moundou Moundou Chad

This paper presents the work carried out to evaluate the dynamic performance of the Hybrid Variable reluctance Motor (HVrM). The fourth-order runge-Kutta integration algorithm was employed to solve the equations of the dynamic model, in conjunction with the three-dimensional finite element method. The 3D numerical data was calculated using Comsol Multiphysics, which accounts for the nonlinearity of the ferromagnetic material and the 3D nature of the HVrM. The outcomes of this study are precise and accurately predict the dynamic behaviour of the HVrM in terms of rotor position response, rotational speed and torque. The distinctive contribution of this work lies in the 3D numerical modelling of the HVrM and the subsequent evaluation and analysis of its dynamic operation. Analytical and numerical 2D studies are less resource-intensive and time-consuming, and are more straightforward and rapid to analyse and interpret. However, they are constrained in their capacity to examine spatial, volumetric interactions and intricate dynamics such as flux studies where three 3D effects cannot be disregarded, winding end effects and the configuration and positioning of the interposed permanent magnet.

关键词： Numerical Computing Complex Dynamic Flux Linkage 3D Effects Equilibrium Position

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Intelligent Detection and Identification of Attacks in IoT Networks Based on the Combination of DNN and LSTM methods with a Set of Classifiers

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Open journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第8期14卷 2296-2319页

作者： Brou Médard Kouassi Vincent Monsan Kablan jérôme Adou Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University Felix Houphouet-Boigny Abidjan Cte dIvoire

Internet of Things (IoT) networks present unique cybersecurity challenges due to their distributed and heterogeneous nature. Our study explores the effectiveness of two types of deep learning models, long-term memory neural networks (LSTMs) and deep neural networks (DNNs), for detecting attacks in IoT networks. We evaluated the performance of six hybrid models combining LSTM or DNN feature extractors with classifiers such as random Forest, k-Nearest Neighbors and XGBoost. The LSTM-rF and LSTM-XGBoost models showed lower accuracy variability in the face of different types of attack, indicating greater robustness. The LSTM-rF and LSTM-XGBoost models show variability in results, with accuracies between 58% and 99% for attack types, while LSTM-KNN has higher but more variable accuracies, between 72% and 99%. The DNN-rF and DNN-XGBoost models show lower variability in their results, with accuracies between 59% and 99%, while DNN-KNN has higher but more variable accuracies, between 71% and 99%. LSTM-based models are proving to be more effective for detecting attacks in IoT networks, particularly for sophisticated attacks. However, the final choice of model depends on the constraints of the application, taking into account a trade-off between accuracy and complexity.

关键词： Internet of Things Machine Learning Attack Detection jamming Deep Learning

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Contribution to the Full 3D Finite Element Modelling of a Hybrid Stepping Motor with and without Current in the Coils

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journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications 2024年第2期16卷 11-23页

作者： Belemdara Dingamadji Hilaire Mbaïnaïbeye jérôme Guidkaya Golam Department of Physics and Engineering Sciences University of N&#8217Djamena N&#8217Djamena Chad Department of Physics University of Moundou Moundou Chad Department of Physics University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon

The paper presents our contribution to the full 3D finite element modelling of a hybrid stepping motor using COMSOL Multiphysics software. This type of four-phase motor has a permanent magnet interposed between the two identical and coaxial half stators. The calculation of the field with or without current in the windings (respectively with or without permanent magnet) is done using a mixed formulation with strong coupling. In addition, the local high saturation of the ferromagnetic material and the radial and axial components of the magnetic flux are taken into account. The results obtained make it possible to clearly observe, as a function of the intensity of the bus current or the remanent induction, the saturation zones, the lines, the orientations and the magnetic flux densities. 3D finite element modelling provide more accurate numerical data on the magnetic field through multiphysics analysis. This analysis considers the actual operating conditions and leads to the design of an optimized machine structure, with or without current in the windings and/or permanent magnet.

关键词： Modelling 3D Finite Elements Magnetic Flux Hybrid Stepping Motor

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Discontinuation of therapy in inflammatory bowel disease: Current views

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World journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第10期12卷 1718-1727页

作者： Antonio meštrović Marko Kumric josko Bozic Department of Gastroenterology University Hospital of SplitSplit 21000Croatia Department of Pathophysiology University of Split School of MedicineSplit 21000Croatia

The timely introduction and adjustment of the appropriate drug in accordance with previously well-defined treatment goals is the foundation of the approach in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).The therapeutic approach is still evolving in terms of the mechanism of action but also in terms of the possibility of maintaining *** patients with achieved long-term remission,the question of de-escalation or discontinuation of therapy arises,considering the possible side effects and economic burden of long-term *** each of the drugs used in IBD(5-aminosalycaltes,immunomodulators,biological drugs,small molecules)there is a risk of ***,studies show that more than 50%of patients who discontinue therapy will *** on the findings of large studies and meta-analysis,relapse of disease can be expected in about half of the patients after therapy withdrawal,in case of monotherapy with aminosalicylates,immunomodulators or biological ***,longer relapse-free periods are recorded with withdrawal of medication in patients who had previously been on combination therapies immunomodulators and anti-tumor necrosis *** needs to be stressed that randomised clinical trials regarding withdrawal from medications are still *** making a decision on discontinuation of therapy,it is important to distinguish potential candidates and predictive factors for the possibility of disease *** calprotectin level has currently been identified as the strongest predictive factor for *** other predictive factors have also been identified,such as:High Crohn's disease activity index or Harvey Bradshaw index,younger age(rs),longer disease duration(>40 years),smoking,young age of disease onset,steroid use 6-12 months before *** important factor in the decision to withdraw medication is the success of re-treatment with the same or other *** decision to discontinue therapy must be based on in

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Therapy discontinuation Therapy de-escalation Ulcerative colitis Crohn’s disease

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Dietary fibre effects and the interplay with exogenous carbohydrases in poultry nutrition

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 231-240页

作者： Michael r.Bedford Birger Svihus Aaron j.Cowieson AB Vista Feed Ingredients Ltd Norwegian University of Life Sciences DSM Nutritional Products

A comprehensive understanding of the role of dietary fibre in non-ruminant animal production is elusive. Equivocal and conflated definitions of fibre coupled with significant analytical complexity,interact with poorly defined host and microbiome relationships. Dietary fibre is known to influence gut development, feed intake and passage rate, nutrient absorption, microbiome taxonomy and function, gut p H, endogenous nutrient loss, environmental sustainability, animal welfare and more. Whilst significant gaps persist in our understanding of fibre in non-ruminant animal production, there is substantial interest in optimizing the fibre fraction of feed to induce high value phenotypes such as improved welfare,live performance and to reduce the environmental footprint of animal production systems. In order to achieve these aspirational goals, it is important to tackle dietary fibre with the same level of scrutiny as is currently done for other critical nutrient classes such as protein, minerals and vitamins. The chemical,mechanical and nutritional role of fibre must be explored at the level of monomeric sugars, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides of varying molecular weight and decoration, and this must be in parallel to standardisation of analytical tools and definitions for speciation. To further complicate subject, exogenous carbohydrases recognise dietary fibre as a focal substrate and have varying capacity to generate lower molecular weight carbohydrates that interact differentially with the host and the enteric microbiome. This short review article will explore the interactive space between dietary fibre and exogenous carbohydrases and will include their nutritional and health effects with emphasis on functional development of the gut, microbiome modulation and host metabolism.

关键词： Fibre Carbohydrase Nutrition Microbiome Gastro-intestinal development Feed

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A review of ethnobotanical studies reveals over 500 medicinal plants in Mindanao,Philippines

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Plant Diversity 2024年第5期46卷 551-564页

作者： joeime F.meñiza Monica M.Pasco jemer A.Alimbon Department of Teacher Education UM Tagum CollegeTagum City8100Davao del Norte Philippines

medicinal plants have long been used to treat various diseases in both indigenous and non-indigenous populations of Mindanao,***,we extracted data from ethnobotanical studies to compile a comprehensive list of these medicinal plants and identify how and for what purpose they are most commonly *** identified 530 verified medicinal plant species across 372 genera in 118 *** two most frequently cited species were Euphorbia hirta and Psidium *** most represented family was Fabaceae and the most represented genus was Ficus.A total of 28 medicinal plant species are designated as threatened at the national or global level;of these,11 are endemic to the *** plant preparations most commonly use leaves for oral administration to treat various diseases such as digestive issues,including *** study underscores the need for further ethnobotanical investigations,particularly in areas lacking *** also emphasizes the need for conservation of threatened and endemic medicinal plants to ensure sustainable utilization of this valuable resource.

关键词： Ethnobotany medicinal plants Mindanao Philippines

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Stable diffusion gradients in microfluidic conduits bounded by fluid walls

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第3期10卷 357-367页

作者： Federico Nebuloni Cyril Deroy Peter r.Cook Edmond j.Walsh Department of Engineering Science Osney Thermo-Fluids InstituteUniversity of OxfordOxford OX20ESUK Sir William Dunn School of Pathology University of OxfordOxford OX13REUK

Assays mimicking in vitro the concentration gradients triggering biological responses like those involved in fighting infections and blood clotting are essential for biomedical *** assays prove especially attractive as they allow precise control of gradient shape allied to a reduction in *** microfluidic devices are fabricated using solid plastics that prevent direct access to responding ***-walled microfluidics allows the manufacture of circuits on standard Petri dishes in seconds,coupled to simple operating methods;cell-culture medium sitting in a standard dish is confined to circuits by fluid walls made of an immiscible *** develop and experimentally validate an analytical model of diffusion between two or more aqueous streams flowing at different rates into a fluid-walled conduit with the cross-section of a circular *** solid walls,fluid walls morph during flows as pressures fall,with wall shape changing down the *** model is validated experimentally for Fourier numbersrescein diffusing between laminar *** enables a priori prediction of concentration gradients throughout a conduit,so allowing rapid circuit design as well as providing bioscientists with an accurate way of predicting local concentrations of bioactive molecules around responsive and nonresponsive cells.

关键词： walls diffusion attractive

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