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Acta Metallurgica Sin.ca(En.lish Letters) 2014年第6期27卷 1018-1030页

作者： R. Sridhar K. Deven.ran.th Ramkumar n. Arivazhagan School of Mechan.cal & Buildin. Scien.es VIT University Saraswathy Velu College of En.in.erin.

The dissimilar combin.tion. of In.on.l 625 an. duplex stain.ess steel SAF 2205 obtain.d from man.al GTA weldin. process employin. ER2209 an. ERn. CrMo-3 filler metals have been.in.estigated. Formation.of secon.ary phases at the HAZ of In.on.l 625 an. grain.coarsen.n. at the HAZ of SAF 2205 were witn.ssed while usin. these filler wires. The average hardn.ss of ER2209 weldmen.s was foun. to be greater than.ERn. CrMo-3 weld. Ten.ile fracture was observed at the weld zon.s for both the fillers. Impact test trials showed brittle mode of fracture on.employin. ER2209 filler an. mixed（ductile–brittle） mode of fracture while usin. ERn. CrMo-3 filler. Further optical microscopy an. SEM/EDS an.lysis were carried out across the weldmen.s to in.estigate the structure–property relation.hips.

关键词： In.on.l 625 Duplex stain.ess steel SAF 2205 Dissimilar metal weldin. Microstructure Mechan.cal characterization

Evaluation.of Process Capability in.Gas Carburizin. Process to Achieve Quality through Limit Design.Con.ept

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5期25卷 395-397页

作者： K. Palan.radja n. Alagumurthi V. Soun.ararajan Departmen. of Mechan.cal En.in.erin. Pondicherry Engineering College IndiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Pondicherry Engineering College IndiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Pondicherry Engineering College India

Steel is the most importan. metallic material used in.in.ustry. This is because of the versatility of its en.in.erin. properties un.er differen. con.ition.. In.on. con.ition.it can.be very mild, soft an. suitable for an. formin. operation. In.an.ther con.ition.the same steel can.be very hard an. stron.. This versatility is made possible by the differen. heat treatmen.s that the steel can.be subject to. On. such treatmen. is Gas carburizin.. This is the most widely used process for surface harden.n. of low carbon.steels. In.this method the surface composition.of the steel chan.es by diffusion.of carbon.an. or n.trogen.an. result in.hard outer surface with good wear resistan.e properties. A strikin. feature of Gas Carburizin. process is that in.this process the origin.l toughn.ss an. ductility remain. un.ffected even.after heat treatmen.. 3% n.ckel chromium case harden.d low carbon.steels are widely used for critical automotive an. machin. application. such as rack an. pin.on. gears, camshaft, valve rocker shafts an. axles which requires high fatigue resistan.e. Fatigue behaviour of case carburized parts depen.s to a great exten. on.the correct combin.tion.of Hardn.ss Pen.tration.Depth (HPD) an. the magn.tude of hardn.ss at the surface an. ben.ath the surface with low size an. shape distortion. In.order to reduce the man.facturin. costs in.terms of material con.umption.an. elimin.tion.of the n.mber of processin. steps, the effect of Gas carburizin. parameters on.the fatigue behaviour should already be con.idered in.the parameter design.stage. Therefore it is of importan.e to optimize the gas carburizin. process variables to attain.quality products with respect to hardn.ss an. case depth. In.the presen. paper, the evaluation.of process capability was carried out through a Limit Design.Con.ept called orthogon.l array design.of experimen.. To optimize the process variables the in.luen.e of several parameters (Holdin. time, Carbon.poten.ial, Furn.ce temperature an. Quen.h

关键词：气体渗碳最优化碳势存放时间消火时间炉温

Layered Sn. sodium ion.battery an.des syn.hesized n.ar room temperature

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n.n. Research 2017年第12期10卷 4368-4377页

作者： Chuan.Xia Fan.Zhan. Han.en. Lian. Husam n. Alshareef Materials Scien.e an. En.in.erin. King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwa123955-6900 Saudi Arabia

In.this report, we demon.trate a simple chemical bath deposition.approach for the syn.hesis of layered Sn. n.n.sheets （typically 6 n. or -10 layers thick） at very low temperature （40℃）. We successfully syn.hesized Sn./C hybrid electrodes usin. a solution.based carbon.precursor coatin. with subsequen. carbon.zation.strategy. Our data showed that the ultrathin.carbon.shell was critical to the cyclin. stability of the Sn. electrodes. As a result, the as-prepared bin.er-free Sn./C electrodes showed excellen. performan.e as sodium ion.battery an.des. Specifically, the Sn./C an.des delivered a reversible capacity as high as 792 mAh-g-1 after 100 cycles at a curren. den.ity of 100 mA·g-1 They also had superior rate capability （431 mAh.g-1 at 3,000 mA.g-1） an. stable lon.-term cyclin. performan.e un.er a high curren. den.ity （345 mAh-g-1 after 500 cycles at 3 A.g-1）. Our approach open. up a n.w route to syn.hesize Sn.-based hybrid materials at low temperatures for en.rgy storage an. other application.. Our process will be particularly useful for chalcogen.de matrix materials that are sen.itive to high temperatures durin. solution.syn.hesis.

关键词： Sn. sodium ion.battery an.de on.-step syn.hesis

Physico-chemical in.ices of breedin. sites of Simulium damn.sum in.the lower Cross River Basin. n.geria

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Journ.l of En.iron.en.al Scien.es 2005年第3期17卷 511-517页

作者： OPARA K. n. FAGBEMI B. O. Departmen. of Zoology University of Uyo Uyo Nigeria. Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

To determin. the factor in.luen.in. the abun.an.e developmen. an. distribution.of Simulium damn.sum(S.I) immature stages in.the lower Cross River Basin. n.geria, the physico-chemical characteristics of water at breedin. sites were an.lysed lon.itudin.lly over a 12 mon.h period. An.lysis of the water samples showed that water curren. correlated positively an. sign.fican.ly(pn.r = 0.95 vs 0.10); con.uctivity(r = 0.95 vs 0.81); hydrogen.ion.con.en.ration.r = 0.03 vs 0.46); an. biochemical oxygen.deman.(r = 0.80 vs 0.64); from Agbokim Waterfalls an. Afi River respectively. The result in.icates that these parameters an. low ion.c con.en.ration.are the most essen.ial requiremen. for the developmen. of S. damn.sum pre-imagin.l stages. Amplitudes of an.ual variability as measured by co-efficien. of variation.varied between.the parameters. From the tren.s in.hydrological variables it was deduced that the in.egrated impact of precipitation. in.ut of surface run.ff an. mun.cipal effluen.s played an.overridin. role in.determin.n. the absolute levels an. temporal pattern.in.the water quality attributes. Of the 3578 pre-imagin.l stages of S. damn.sum collected, 52.52% an. 47.4% were collected from Agbokim Waterfall an. Afi River respectively. There was a sign.fican. differen.e(pn.the n.mber of pre-imagin.l stages collected from both sites. The highest n.mber of pre_imagin.l stages of S. damn.sum collected were at the peak of rain.July—September) in.icatin. that S. damn.sum in.the River Basin.is a wet season.breeder. The n.ed for lon. term laboratory colon.zation.of blackfly immature stages becomes imperative especially how these parameters could be exploited in.con.rol programme through the testin. of larvicides without adverse ecological damage to the aquatic habitat.

关键词： blackflies Simulium damn.sum physico-chemical parameters lower Cross River Basin. n.geria

MILP syn.hesis of separation.processes for waste oil-in.water emulsion. treatmen.

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Fron.iers of Chemical Scien.e an. En.in.erin. 2016年第1期10卷 120-130页

作者： Zorka n. Pin.aric Gorazd P. Skof Zdravko Kravan.a Faculty of Chemistry an. Chemical En.in.erin. University of Maribor Smetanova ulica 17 SI-2000 Maribor Slovenia EKOLID Ekologko svetovanje Raziskave in razvoj Ru~ka cesta 55 SI-2000 Maribor Slovenia

This paper presen.s a n.vel syn.hesis method for design.n. in.egrated processes for oil-in.water （O/W） emulsion. treatmen.. Gen.ral superstructure in.olvin. altern.tive separation.techn.logies is developed an. modelled as a mixed in.eger lin.ar programmin. （MILP） model for maximum an.ual profit. Separation.processes in.the superstructure are divided in.o three main.section. of which the pretreatmen. an. fin.l treatmen. are limited to the selection.of on. altemative （or bypass） on.y, while within.the in.ermediate section.various combin.tion. of differen. techn.logies in.series can.be selected. In.egrated processes composed of selected separation.techn.ques for given.ran.es of in.ut chemical oxygen.deman. （COD） can.be proposed by applyin. parametric an.lyses within.the superstructure approach. This approach has been.applied to an.existin. in.ustrial case study for derivin. optimal combin.tion. of techn.logies for treatin. diverse oil-in. water emulsion. within.the ran.e of in.ut COD values between.1000 mg-L-1 an. 145000 mgL t. The optimal solution.represen.s a flexible an. profitable process for reducin. the COD values below maximal allowable limits for dischargin. effluen. in.o surface water.

关键词： oil-in.water emulsion chemical oxygen.deman. superstructure process syn.hesis MILP

Commun.ty-Based In.egrated Watershed Man.gemen.

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Chin.se Journ.l of Population.Resources an. En.iron.en. 2005年第1期3卷 60-64页

作者： Ken.edy n. Igbokwe Headquarters an. Asia Region.l Cen.er Y.C. James Yen.Cen.er Silan. Cavite 4118 Philippines

Commun.ty-based watershed man.gemen. is differen. from the tradition.l n.tural resources man.gemen.. Tradition.l n.tural resources man.gemen. is a way from up to bottom, but the commun.ty-based watershed man.gemen. is from bottom to up. This approach focused on.the join.n. of differen. stakeholders in.in.egrated watershed man.gemen., especially the participation.of the commun.ty who has been.ign.red in.the past. The purpose of this paper is to outlin. some of the importan. basic defin.tion., con.epts an. operation.l framework for in.tiatin. commun.ty-based watershed man.gemen. projects an. programs as well as some successes an. practical challen.es associated with the approach.

关键词： commun.ty-based watershed man.gemen.

Taxon.mic con.usion.of two tramp an. species： Iridomyrmex an.eps an. Ochetellus glaber are really species complexes

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Curren. Zoology 2011年第5期57卷 662-667页

作者： Ben.amin.D. HOFFMAn. Alan.n. An.ERSEn.Xian. ZHAn. CSIRO Ecosystem Scien.es Tropical Ecosystems Research Centre PMB 44 Winnellie NT 0822 Australia College of Plan. Protection Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China

Man. in.asive in.ertebrates belon. to un.esolved species complexes, an. have a history of misiden.ification.an. in.appropriate man.gemen.. Here we detail con.usion.surroun.in. the taxon.my an. iden.ification.of two dolichoderin. an. species, Iridomyrmex an.eps Roger an. OcheteUus glaber Mayr, which are common.y cited in.the literature as havin. been.spread widely by human.commerce. We provide morphometric data an. images stron.ly suggestin. that these two ＂species＂ are in.tead com- plexes of species that are likely n.tive to man. region. where they are purportedly in.roduced. We take particular in.erest in.the status of species referred to as L an.eps an. O. glaber in.Chin., as this is the most n.rtherly distribution.of both gen.ra. We con.clude by suggestin. that man. iden.ification. of both species are likely to be un.eliable, an. we recommen. again.t an. man.ge- men. action.aimed at con.rollin. these species un.er the assumption.that they are exotic [Curren. Zoology 57 （5）： 662-667, 2011].

关键词： An. Exotic In.asive In.ertebrate Man.gemen. Tramp an.

Structural Peculiarities an. Magn.tic Properties of n.n.scale Terbium in.Tb/Ti an. Tb/Si Multilayers

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Chin.se Physics Letters 2006年第1期23卷 196-199页

作者： A. V. Svalov V. O. Vas'kovskiy G. V. Kurlyan.skaya J. M. Baran.iaran.I. Orue n. n. Schegoleva A. n. Sorokin Ural State Un.versity Lenin Avenue 51 620083 Ekaterinburg Russia Un.versidad del Pals Vasco UPV-EHU Facultad de Ciencias Depto Electricidad y ElectrOnica Apdo. 644 48080 Bilbao Spain In.titute of Metal Physics Ural Branch of RAS Kovalevskaya str. 18 620219 Ekaterinburg Russia

The structure an. the magn.tic properties of rf-sputtered n.uoscale Tb in.[Tb/Ti]n.an. [Tb/Si] multilayers have been.studied experimen.ally. It is foun. that the structure of Tb layers chan.es, tran.formin. from a fin.-crystallin. state of Tb in.o an.amorphous state as the magn.tic layer thickn.ss decreases. The observed displacemen. of a magn.tic orderin. temperature to the lower temperature ran.e an. the shift of magn.tic hysteresis obtain.d in.the ZFC-FC terms may be caused by the size effect an. the amorphization. Both the first an. the secon. suppress the exchan.e in.eraction.an. decrease the crystallin. magn.tic an.sotropy. The type of material of n.n.agn.tic spacers between.the Tb layers plays a certain.role in.these chan.es.

关键词： FERROMAGn.TIC-RESOn.n.E FILMS TEMPERATURE DEPEn.En.E THICKn.SS LAYERS

Con.ective heat tran.fer from two rotatin. circular cylin.ers in.tan.em arran.emen. by usin. lattice Boltzman. method

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Applied Mathematics an. Mechan.cs(En.lish Edition. 2012年第4期33卷 427-444页

作者： H. n.MATI M. FARHADI K. SEDIGHI M. M. PIROUZ n. n. ABATARI Faculty of Mechan.cal En.in.erin. Babol Noshirvani University of Technology

The n.merical in.estigation.of the two-dimen.ion.l lamin.r flow past two ro- tatin. circular cylin.ers in.the tan.em arran.emen. is con.ucted by the lattice Boltzman. method. The n.merical strategy is used for dealin. with curved an. movin. boun.aries of the secon.-order accuracy for velocity an. temperature fields. The effects of various rotation.l speed ratios an. gap spacin. are studied with the Reyn.lds n.mber of 100 an. the Pran.tl n.mber of 0.71. A varied ran.e of rotation.l speed ratios are in.estigated for four differen. gap spacin., i.e., 3.0, 1.5, 0.7, an. 0.2. The results show that, for the first cylin.er, the lift an. drag coefficien.s for large gap spacin. are similar to those for a sin.le cylin.er; for the secon. cylin.er, the lift coefficien. descen.s with the in.rease in.the an.ular velocity for all gap spacin., while the drag coefficien. ascen.s except for the gap spacin. of 3.0. The results of the averaged periodic n.sselt n.mber on.the surface of the cylin.ers show that, for small distan.es between.the cylin.ers an. low an.ular velocities, con.uction.is a domin.n. mechan.sm of heat tran.fer, but for large distan.es an. high an.ular velocities, con.ection.is the main.mechan.sm of heat tran.fer.

关键词： lattice Boltzman. method rotatin. circular cylin.er lamin.r flow curvedan. movin. boun.ary

Models an. form factors for stan. volume estimation.in.n.tural forest ecosystems: a case study of Katarn.aghat Wildlife San.tuary (KGWS), Bahraich District, In.ia

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Journ.l of Forestry Research 2013年第2期24卷 217-226页

作者： V. A. J Adekun.e K. n. n.ir A. K. Srivastava n. K. Sin.h Federal Un.versity of Techn.logy Dept of Forestry & Wood Technology n.tion.l Botan.cal Research In.titute (Coun.il for Scien.ific & In.ustrial Research) Plan. Diversity Systematics & Herbarium Division Rana Pratap Marg Departmen. of Forests Sidhauli Forest Division

In.view of the difficulties in.stan. volume estimation.in.n.tural forests, we derived real form factors an. models for volume estimation.in.these types of forest ecosystems, usin. Katarn.aghat Wildlife San.tuary as a case study. Tree growth data were obtain.d for all trees （dbh 〉10 cm） in.4 plots （25 × 25 m） ran.omly located in.each of three strata selected in.the forest. The form factor calculated for the stan. was 0.42 an. a ran.e of 0.42 0.57 was estimated for selected species （den.ity 〉10）. The parameters of model variables were con.isten. with gen.ral growth tren.s of trees an. each was statistically sign.fican.. There was n. sign.fican. differen.e （p〉0.05） between.the observed an. predicted volumes for all models an. there was very high correlation.between.observed an. predicted volumes. The output of the performan.e statistics an. the logical sign. of the regression.coefficien.s of the models demon.trated that they are useful for volume estimation.with min.mal error. Plottin. the biases with respect to con.iderable regressor variables showed n. mean.n.ful an. eviden. tren. of bias values alon. with the in.epen.en. variables. This showed that the models did n.t violate regression.assumption. an. there were n. heteroscedacity or multiculn.rity problems. We recommen. use of the form factors an. models in.this ecosystem an. in.similar on.s for stan. an. tree volume estimation.

关键词： n.tural forest tree volume Estimation biodiversity tree height forest in.en.ory