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Pyrometallurgical recycling of end-of-life lithium-ion batteries

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第7期31卷 1554-1571页

作者： Juheon Lee Kwang won Park Il sohn Sanghoon Lee Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul 03722Korea Yonsei Industry Cooperation Center Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Korea RD Solution Wanju gunJeollabuk do 55365Korea

The global importance of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)has been increasingly underscored with the advancement of high-performance energy storage technologies.However,the end-of-life of these batteries poses significant challenges from environmental,economic,and resource management perspectives.This review paper focuses on the pyrometallurgy-based recycling process of lithium-ion batteries,exploring the fundamental understanding of this process and the importance of its optimization.Centering on the high energy consumption and emission gas issues of the pyrometallurgical recycling process,we systematically analyzed the capital-intensive nature of this process and the resulting technological characteristics.Furthermore,we conducted an in-depth discussion on the future research directions to overcome the existing technological barriers and limitations.This review will provide valuable insights for researchers and industry stakeholders in the battery recycling field.

关键词： spent lithium-ion batteries recycling sustainability lithium valuable metal

Novel N-doped multichannel carbon nanofiber architecture with porous CoS nanoprisms for high-performance potassium-ion batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第3期43卷 971-983页

作者： Jae bong Lim Seung-Keun Park Department of Advanced Materials Engineering Chung-Ang UniversityGyeonggi-do17546Republic of Korea Department of Intelligence Energy and Industry Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul06974Republic of Korea Western Seoul Center Korea Basic Science InstituteSeoul03759Republic of Korea

Potassium-ion batteries(PIBs)have gained significant attention as an alternative to lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)due to the abundance of potassium(K)and low cost.Nevertheless,the difficulty in finding appropriate electrode materials that can efficiently store the larger K ions has hindered their practical application.Herein,we report a novel anode material,N-doped multichannel carbon nanofibers embedded with porous CoS nanoprisms(CSP@NMCNF),for high-performance PIBs.The CSP@NMCNF was synthesized using a two-step strategy comprising of the electrospinning of Co acetate hydroxide nanoprism/binary polymer blend and a subsequent heat treatment.The porous CoS nanoprisms with an anisotropic morphology were well aligned along the length axis of the N-doped multichannel carbon nanofibers,thus ensuring their structural stability during the repeated charge-discharge process.In addition,numerous pores facilitated the transport of electrons and ions.Accordingly,the CSP@NMCNF anode exhibited excellent electrochemical performance,delivering a high specific capacity of 368 mAh·g^(-1)at 0.5 A·g^(-1)after 200 cycles and excellent rate capability(232 mAh·g^(-1)at 2.0 A·g^(-1)).

关键词： K-ion batteries Cobalt sulfide Multichannel structured composite Electrospinning Nanoprism Porous structure

Water Vapor Information from Satellite and Its Applications

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第1期41卷 188-189页

作者： B.J.sohn School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea

Water vapor is a critical component of the hydrological cycle because it plays a vital role in transporting water from one part of the cycle to another.Water vapor evaporated from surfaces such as oceans,lakes,and rivers condensates into liquid-or ice-phase hydrometeors,while clouds are formed owing to the atmospheric upward motion.

关键词： motion oceans lakes

Double-chambered left ventricle with a thrombus in an asymptomatic patient:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第2期12卷 460-465页

作者： Narae Kim In-Ho Yang Hui-Jeong Hwang Il-Suk sohn Department of Medicine Kyung Hee UniversitySeoul 02447South Korea Department of Cardiology Kyung Hee University Hospital at GangdongSeoul 05278South Korea

BACKGROUND Double-chambered left ventricle(DCLV)is an extremely rare congenital disease in which the left ventricle(LV)is divided by abnormal muscle tissue.Due to its rarity,there is a lack of data on the disease,including its diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis.Accordingly,we report a case in which DCLV was diagnosed and followed up.CASE SUMMARY A 45-year-old man presented to our hospital due to abnormal findings on an electrocardiogram recorded during a health check.He had no specific cardiac symptoms,comorbidities or relevant past medical history.Echocardiography revealed that the LV was divided into two by muscle fibers.There were no findings of ischemia on coronary angiography and coronary computed tomography angiography performed to exclude differential diagnoses.After comprehensive analysis of the images,DCLV was diagnosed.As it seemed to be asymptomatic DCLV,we decided the patient was to be observed without administering any medication.However,follow-up echocardiography revealed a thrombus in the accessory chamber(AC).Anticoagulant medication was initiated,the thrombus resolved,and the patient is currently undergoing follow-up without any specific symptoms.CONCLUSION Asymptomatic,uncomplicated DCLV was diagnosed through multimodal imaging;however,a thrombus in the AC occurred during the follow-up.The findings highlight that multimodal imaging is essential in diagnosing DCLV,and that anticoagulation is important in its management.

关键词： Double-chambered left ventricle Congenital heart disease Left ventricular aneurysm Echocardiography Coronary computed tomography angiography Contrast echocardiography Case report

East Asian VLBI Network observations of active galactic nuclei jets:imaging with KaVA+Tianma+Nanshan

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2021年第8期21卷 220-234页

作者：崔玉竹 Kazuhiro Hada Motoki Kino bong-won sohn Jongho Park Hyun-Wook Ro Satoko Sawada-Satoh Wu Jiang Lang Cui Mareki Honma 沈志强 Fumie Tazaki 安涛 Ilje Cho Guang-Yao Zhao Xiao-Peng Cheng Kotaro Niinuma Kiyoaki Wajima Ying-Kang Zhang Noriyuki Kawaguchi Juan-Carlos Algaba Shoko Koyama Tomoya Hirota Yoshinori Yonekura Nobuyuki Sakai Bo Xia Yong-Bin Jiang Lin-Feng Yu Wei Gou Ju-Yeon Hwang Yong-Chen Jiang Yun-Xia Sun Dong-Kyu Jung Hyo-Ryoung Kim Jeong-Sook Kim Hideyuki Kobayashi Jee-won Lee Jeong-Ae Lee Hua Zhang Guang-Hui Li Zhi-Qiang Xu Peng Li Jung-Hwan Oh Se-Jin Oh Chung-Sik Oh Tomoaki Oyama Duk-Gyoo Roh Katsunori-M.Shibata 郭文 Rong-Bing Zhao Wei-Ye Zhong Jin-Qing Wang Wen-Jun Yang 闫浩 Jae-Hwan Yeom Bin Li 李笑飞 Jian-Ping Yuan Jian Dong Zhong Chen Kazunori Akiyama Keiichi Asada Do-Young Byun Yoshiaki Hagiwara Jeffrey Hodgson Tae-Hyun Jung Kee-Tae Kim Sang-Sung Lee Kunwoo Yi Qing-Hui Liu Xiang Liu Ru-Sen Lu Masanori Nakamura Sascha Trippe Na Wang Xue-Zheng Wang 张波 Department of Astronomical Science The Graduate University for Advanced StudiesSOKENDAI2-21-1 OsawaMitakaTokyo 181-8588Japan Mizusawa VLBI Observatory National Astronomical Observatory of Japan2-12 HoshigaokaMizusawaOshuIwate 023-0861Japan Kogakuin University of Technology and Engineering Academic Support Center2665-1 NakanoHachiojiTokyo 192-0015Japan Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute Yuseong-guDaejeon 34055Korea Department of Astronomy Yonsei University50 Yonsei-roSeodaemun-guSeoul 03722Korea Department of Astronomy and Space Science University of Science and Technology217 Gajeong-roDaejeonKorea Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica645 N Aohoku PIHiloHI 96720USA Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation Yamaguchi UniversityYoshida 1677-1YamaguchiYamaguchi 753-8512Japan Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200030China Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Institute of Astronomy The University of Tokyo2-21-1 OsawaMitakaTokyo 181-0015Japan Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC Glorieta de la Astronomia s/nGranada E-18008Spain Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Center for Astronomy Ibaraki University2-1-1 BunkyoMitoIbaraki 310-8512Japan Space Light Laboratory 77Yangjaedae-ro 86 roadGangdong-guSeoulKorea Massachusetts Institute of Technology Haystack Observatory 99 Millstone RoadWestfordMA 01886USA National Radio Astronomy Observatory 520 Edgemont RdCharlottesvilleVA 22903USA Toyo University 5-28-20 HakusanBunkyo-kuTokyo 112-8606Japan Department of Physics and Astronomy Seoul National UniversityGwanak-guSeoul 08826Korea Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy Auf dem hiigel 69Bonn 53121Germany SNU Astronomy Research Center Seoul National UniversityGwanak-guSeoul 08826Korea

The East Asian Very Long Baseline Interferometry(VLBI) Network(EAVN) is a rapidly evolving international VLBI array that is currently promoted under joint efforts among China,Japan and Korea.EAVN aims at forming a joint VLBI Network by combining a large number of radio telescopes distributed over East Asian regions.After the combination of the Korean VLBI Network(KVN) and the VLBI Exploration of Radio Astrometry(VERA) into Ka VA,further expansion with the joint array in East Asia is actively promoted.Here we report the first imaging results(at 22 and 43 GHz) of bright radio sources obtained with Ka VA connected to Tianma 65-m and Nanshan 26-m Radio Telescopes in China.To test the EAVN imaging performance for different sources,we observed four active galactic nuclei(AGN) having different brightness and morphology.As a result,we confirmed that the Tianma 65-m Radio Telescope(TMRT) significantly enhances the overall array sensitivity,a factor of 4 improvement in baseline sensitivity and 2 in image dynamic range compared to the case of Ka VA only.The addition of the Nanshan 26-m Radio Telescope(NSRT) further doubled the east-west angular resolution.With the resulting high-dynamic-range,high-resolution images with EAVN(Ka VA+TMRT+NSRT),various fine-scale structures in our targets,such as the counter-jet in M87,a kink-like morphology of the 3 C 273 jet and the weak emission in other sources are successfully detected.This demonstrates the powerful capability of EAVN to study AGN jets and to achieve other science goals in general.Ongoing expansion of EAVN will further enhance the angular resolution,detection sensitivity and frequency coverage of the network.

关键词： galaxies:active galaxies:jets instrumentation:interferometers radio continuum:galaxies

Progress and prospects of chiral nanomaterials for biosensing platforms

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Rare Metals 2024年第6期43卷 2469-2497页

作者： Yu-Cheng Ouyang bong-Jun Yeom Yuan Zhao Wei Ma School of Food Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Food Science and ResourcesJiangnan University Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemical and Material EngineeringJiangnan University Department of Chemical Engineering Hanyang University

Chiral nanomaterials have distinct chiroptical properties of preferential interactions to circularly polarized lights.Chirality-based biosensors have emerged for detection of biomolecules,ions and cells in recent years.This review provides an extensive overview of biosensors based on chiral nanomaterials,starting with approaches to chiral nanomaterials construction in terms of fabrication strategies.Fabrication of chiral nanomaterials and their biosensor applications is presented for different material types,with special emphasis on the role and importance of material properties and signal generation in detection.We assessed the technological prospects of the emerging fields of chiral construction,circularly polarized luminescence,Raman optical activity and so on along with their current challenges.Prospective venues for future research on chiral nanomaterials in fabrication,biosensing,disease diagnosis and treatment are also presented in the review.

关键词： Chiral nanomaterials Circular dichroism Biosensors

Design of multifunctional polymeric binders in silicon anodes for lithium‐ion batteries

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Carbon Energy 2024年第4期6卷 140-163页

作者： Masytha Nuzula Ramdhiny Ju‐won Jeon Department of Chemistry Kookmin UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Correspondence

Silicon(Si)is a promising anode material for lithium‐ion batteries(LIBs)owing to its tremendously high theoretical storage capacity(4200 mAh g−1),which has the potential to elevate the energy of LIBs.However,Si anodes exhibit severe volume change during lithiation/delithiation processes,resulting in anode pulverization and delamination with detrimental growth of solid electrolyte interface layers.As a result,the cycling stability of Si anodes is insufficient for commercialization in LIBs.Polymeric binders can play critical roles in Si anodes by affecting their cycling stability,although they occupy a small portion of the electrodes.This review introduces crucial factors influencing polymeric binders'properties and the electrochemical performance of Si anodes.In particular,we emphasize the structure–property relationships of binders in the context of molecular design strategy,functional groups,types of interactions,and functionalities of binders.Furthermore,binders with additional functionalities,such as electrical conductivity and self‐healability,are extensively discussed,with an emphasis on the binder design principle.

关键词： conductivity lithium‐ion batteries molecular interactions polymeric binders self‐healability Si anodes

New process for treating boron-bearing iron ore by flash reduction coupled with magnetic separation

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第3期31卷 473-484页

作者： Qipeng Bao Lei Guo Hong Yong sohn Haibin Zuo Feng Liu Yongliang Gao Zhancheng Guo State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Department of Materials Science&Engineering University of UtahUtah 84112USA China ENFI Engineering Corporation Beijing 100038China

Boron is an important industrial raw material often sourced from minerals containing different compounds that cocrystallize,which makes it difficult to separate the mineral phases through conventional beneficiation.This study proposed a new treatment called flash reduction-melting separation(FRMS)for boron-bearing iron concentrates.In this method,the concentrates were first flash-reduced at the temperature under which the particles melt,and the slag and the reduced iron phases disengaged at the particle scale.Good reduc-tion and melting effects were achieved above 1550℃.The B_(2)O_(3) content in the separated slag was over 18wt%,and the B content in the iron was less than 0.03wt%.The proposed FRMS method was tested to investigate the effects of factors such as ore particle size and tem-perature on the reduction and melting steps with and without pre-reducing the raw concentrate.The mineral phase transformation and morphology evolution in the ore particles during FRMS were also comprehensively analyzed.

关键词： ludwigite boron-bearing iron concentrate flash reduction melting separation boron

Performance of the EDACS-ADP incorporating high-sensitivity troponin assay:Do components of major adverse cardiac events matter?

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第3期15卷 175-180页

作者： Yedalm Yoo Shin Ahn Bora Chae won Young Kim Department of Emergency Medicine Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoul 05505Republic of Korea

BACKGROUND:The accelerated diagnostic protocol(ADP)using the Emergency Department Assessment of Chest pain Score(EDACS-ADP),a tool to identify patients at low risk of a major adverse cardiac event(MACE)among patients presenting with chest pain to the emergency department,was developed using a contemporary troponin assay.This study was performed to validate and compare the performance of the EDACS-ADP incorporating high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I between patients who had a 30-day MACE with and without unstable angina(MACE I and II,respectively).METHODS:A single-center prospective observational study of adult patients presenting with chest pain suggestive of acute coronary syndrome was performed.The performance of EDACS-ADP in predicting MACE was assessed by calculating the sensitivity and negative predictive value.RESULTS:Of the 1,304 patients prospectively enrolled,399(30.6%;95%confidence interval[95%CI]:27.7%–33.8%)were considered low-risk using the EDACS-ADP.Among them,the rates of MACE I and II were 1.3%(5/399)and 1.0%(4/399),respectively.The EDACS-ADP showed sensitivities and negative predictive values of 98.8%(95%CI:97.2%–99.6%)and 98.7%(95%CI:97.0%–99.5%)for MACE I and 98.7%(95%CI:96.8%–99.7%)and 99.0%(95%CI:97.4%–99.6%)for MACE II,respectively.CONCLUSION:EDACS-ADP could help identify patients as safe for early discharge.However,when unstable angina was added to the outcome,the 30-day MACE rate among the designated lowrisk patients remained above the level acceptable for early discharge without further evaluation.

关键词： Chest pain Major adverse cardiac event Acute coronary syndrome Emergency department