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Chemical and mechanical properties of stainless, environment-friendly, and nonflammable Mg alloys (SEN alloys): A review

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第3期12卷 841-872页

作者： Jong Un Lee Hyun Ji Kim Sang-Cheol Jin Ye Jin Kim young Min Kim bong sun you Jun Ho Bae sung Hyuk Park Advanced Metals Division Korea Institute of Materials ScienceChangwon 51508Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Missile Research Institute Agency for Defense DevelopmentDaejeon 34060Republic of Korea

This review article provides overall understanding of stainless,environment-friendly,and nonflammable Mg alloys(SEN alloys)recently developed at the Korea Institute of Materials *** alloys are produced by adding small amounts of Ca and Y(each<1 wt%)into commercial Mg–Al based alloys,resulting in exceptional ignition and corrosion resistances and impressive mechanical *** main advantages of SEN alloys are as follows.(1)A dense multi-oxide layer of SEN alloys comprising MgO,CaO,and Y_(2)O_(3) impedes the outward dispersion of Mg vapor and the inward penetration of O_(2) during oxidation,thereby enhancing the oxidation and ignition resistances.(2)The presence of Ca-and Y-based second-phase particles in SEN alloys can enhance their corrosion resistance because Ca-containing particles prevent the spread of corrosion,and the replacement of Al-containing particles with less noble ones containing Y(e.g.,Al–Mn–Y or Al–Y particles)retards corrosion.(3)The addition of minor amounts of Ca and Y renders excellent mechanical properties due to improved strengthening *** enhanced properties are attributed to more pronounced dynamic recrystallization and grain refining behaviors caused by the second-phase particles during extrusion.(4)Despite the presence of various types of second-phase particles,the fatigue properties of SEN9 alloys are similar to those of commercial AZ91 alloys.(5)Simultaneous introduction of Ca and Y suppresses the formation of Mg17Al12 discontinuous precipitates during aging,leading to the enhanced elongation of aged SEN alloys.(6)Adding mischmetal into the SEN9 alloy leads to a six-fold enhancement in ***,the studies conducted on SEN alloys demonstrate their excellent ignition and corrosion resistances and mechanical properties,which broaden the industrial applications of Mg alloys by addressing their inherent weaknesses.

关键词： SEN magnesium alloy Corrosion resistance Ignition resistance Mechanical properties Extrudability.

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Accelerated precipitation behavior of cast Mg-Al-Zn alloy by grain refinement

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2018年第2期34卷 265-276页

作者： Sang-Hoon Kim Jong Un Lee Ye Jin Kim Jun Ho Bae bong sun you sung Hyuk Park School of Materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National University Implementation Research Division Korea Institute of Materials Science

This study demonstrates that the precipitation behavior of 13-Mg17Al12 phase during aging and the resultant variation in hardness and mechanical properties of cast Mg-Al-Zn alloy are strongly dependent on initial grain size. Grain size reduction accelerates discontinuous precipitation at the early stage of aging treatment by increasing the area fraction of grain boundaries that can act as nucleation sites for discontinuous precipitates （DP）, but it does not influence DP growth rate. Grain refinement also prematurely terminates continuous precipitation because the formation of a large number of DP reduces the amount of AI dissolved in the matrix, which is required for the formation of continuous precipitates （CP）. This promotion of DP formation and early termination of CP formation significantly decrease the peak-aging time to one-third. The enhanced precipitation behavior also leads to an additional hardness improvement in the aged alloy, along with an increase in hardness owing to grain boundary strengthening by grain refinement. The amount of increase in hardness changes with aging time, which is determined by the variation of three variables with aging time： DP fraction difference between refined and nonrefined alloys, hardness difference between DP and matrix, and matrix hardness difference between the two alloys. Grain refinement improves both tensile strength and ductility of the homogenized alloy owing to grain boundary strengthening and suppression of twinning activation, respectively. However, the loss of ductility after peak-aging treatment is greater in the refined alloy because of the larger amount of DP acting as a crack source in this alloy.

关键词： Magnesium Grain refinement Aging Precipitation Tensile properties

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Compressive deformation behavior of an indirect-extruded Mg-8Sn-1Al-1Zn alloy

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2013年第1期20卷 49-56页

作者： Wei-li Cheng Zhong-ping Que Jin-shan Zhang Chun-xiang Xu Wei Liang bong sun you sung Soo Park School of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of Technology Korea Institute of Materials Science Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology

The medium and warm deformation behaviors of an indirect-extruded Mg-8Sn-IAI-IZn alloy were investigated by compression tests at temperatures between 298 and 523 K and strain rates of 0.001-10 s-1. It was found that the twinning-slip transition temperature was strain rate dependent, and all the true stress-true strain curves could be divided into two groups： concave and convex curves. Associated microstructural investigations indicated that the dynamic recrystallization （DRX） be- havior of the alloy varied with deformation conditions. At high strain rate and low temperature, dynamically recrystallized grains preferentially nucleated and developed in the twinned regions, indicating that twinning-induced DRX was dominant. While, at low strain rate, DRX developed extensively at grain boundaries and twins, and the process of twinning contributed to both oriented nucleation and selective growth. For the studied alloy, cracks mainly initiated from the shear band and twinning lamellar over the ranges of temperature and strain rate currently applied.

关键词： magnesium alloys compression testing dynamic recrystallization microstructure

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Microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of binary Mg-xBi(x=2,5,and 8 wt%)alloys

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2021年第3期9卷 983-994页

作者： Hui Yu Shaoda Fan Shuaiju Meng Jae Ok Choi Zhongjie Li Yohan Go young Min Kim Weimin Zhao bong sun you Kwang Seon Shin School of Materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyXiping Road 5340Tianjin 300130China

The microstructures and mechanical properties of Mg-x Bi(x=2,5,and 8 wt%)were investigated compared with pure *** ascast Mg-Bi billets consist of dendriticα-Mg grain matrix,divorced eutectic Mg_(3)Bi_(2) phase and secondary precipitated Mg_(3)Bi_(2) *** homogenization,secondary precipitated Mg_(3)Bi_(2) particles were all dissolved into the matrix,while most of the divorced eutectic Mg_(3)Bi_(2) intermetallic compounds *** the as-extruded samples exhibit fully dynamic recrystallization(DRX)and the average grain size decreases and the amount of nano-scale Mg_(3)Bi_(2) precipitates increases with increasing Bi ***,Bi alloying has little influence on the texture of the as-extruded pure Mg,with all the samples showing typical basal *** the results of grain refinement and precipitation hardening,the strengths of the as-extruded samples increase under both tensile and compressive ***,the yield asymmetry significantly decreases with Bi ***,all the as-extruded samples represent similar ductility under compression,while the tensile elongation first increases and then decreases with more Bi *** as-extruded Mg-5Bi alloy demonstrates good combination of strength and ***,Mg-8Bi alloy displays lower tensile ductility than that of Mg-5Bi alloy due to the presence of abundant undissolved coarse Mg_(3)Bi_(2) particles,which act as cracking sources during tensile ***,the strain hardening rate,strain hardening exponent n,and hardening capacity Hc are greatly reduced by Bi addition,mainly owing to the enhanced synergy effects of grain refinement and numerous Mg_(3)Bi_(2) precipitates.

关键词： Mg-Bi Mechanical properties Microstructure Strain hardening

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Strengthening mechanisms of indirect-extruded Mg-Sn based alloys at room temperature

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2014年第4期2卷 299-304页

作者： Wei Li Cheng Quan Wei Tian Hui Yu Hua Zhang bong sun you Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials Ministry of EducationTaiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China School of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Korea Institute of Materials Science Changwon 642-831Republic of Korea

The strength of a material is dependent on how dislocations in its crystal lattice can be easily *** dislocations create stress fields within the material depending on their intrinsic ***,the following strengthening mechanisms are relevant in wrought magnesium materials tested at room temperature:fine-grain strengthening,precipitate strengthening and solid solution strengthening as well as texture *** indirect-extruded Mg-8Sn(T8)and Mg-8Sn-1Al-1Zn(TAZ811)alloys present superior tensile properties compared to the commercial AZ31 alloy extruded in the same *** contributions to the strengthen of Mg-Sn based alloys made by four strengthening mechanisms were calculated quantitatively based on the microstructure characteristics,physical characteristics,thermomechanical analysis and interactions of alloying elements using AZ31 alloy as benchmark.

关键词： Mg alloys Microstructure Mechanical properties Strengthening mechanism

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Hot deformation behavior and processing maps of Mg-Zn-Cu-Zr magnesium alloy

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2013年第3期23卷 756-764页

作者：余晖于化顺 young-min KIM bong-sun you 闵光辉山东大学材料科学与工程学院材料液固结构演变与加工教育部重点实验室 Light Metals Group Korea Institute of Mate rials ScienceChangwon 642831Korea

The deformation behaviors of a new quaternary Mg-6Zn-1.5Cu-0.5Zr alloy at temperatures of 523-673 K and strain rates of 0.001-1 s-1 were studied by compressive tests using a Gleeble 3800 *** results show that the flow stress increases as the deformation temperature decreases or as the strain rate increases.A strain-dependent constitutive equation and a feed-forward back-propagation artificial neural network were used to predict flow stress,which showed good agreement with experimental *** processing map suggests that the domains of 643-673 K and 0.001-0.01 s-1 are corresponded to optimum conditions for hot working of the T4-treated Mg-6Zn-1.5Cu-0.5Zr alloy.

关键词： Mg alloy Cu addition flow stress deformation behavior constitutive equation artificial neural network processing map

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Effect of hydrogen on the corrosion behavior of the Mg-xZn alloys

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2014年第3期2卷 208-213页

作者： Yingwei Song En-Hou Han Kaihui Dong Dayong Shan Chang Dong Yim bong sun you Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Korea Institute of Materials Science Changwon 641-831Republic of Korea

Hydrogen evolution reaction is inevitable during the corrosion of Mg *** effect of hydrogen on the corrosion behavior of the Mg-2Zn and Mg-5Zn alloys is investigated by charging hydrogen *** surface morphologies of the samples after charging hydrogen were observed using a scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and the corrosion resistance was evaluated by polarization *** is found that there are oxide films formed on the surface of the charged hydrogen *** low hydrogen evolution rate is helpful to improve the corrosion resistance of Mg alloys,while the high hydrogen evolution rate can increases the defects in the films and further deteriorates their protection ***,the charging hydrogen effect is greatly associated with the microstructure of Mg substrate.

关键词： Charging hydrogen Corrosion resistance Mg-xZn alloys Oxide films

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Effects of Additional Elements on Microstructure and Precipitation Behaviour in Rapidly Solidified Al-Ti Base Alloys

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 1996年第3期12卷 195-198页

作者： Won-Wook Park Chul-Jin Choi and bong-sun you (Dept. of Materials Processing, Korea Institute of Machinery and Metals, 66 Sangnam-Dong,Changwon, Kyungnam, Korea 641-010)(To whom correspondence should be addressed) Dept. of Materials Processing Korea Institute of Machinery and Metals 66 Sangnam-Dong Changwon Kytmgnam 641-010 South Korea

Rapidly solidified Al-Ti base alloys were prepared by melt spinning at the cooling rate about 107 K/s. The melt-spun ribbons were used to observe the dricrostructures after heat *** the supersaturated Al-Tl-Si alloy, age hardening occurred after 1 h anneal in the temperature range of 4000~500℃, which seems to be attributed to the precipitation of metastable Ll2- (Al,Si)3Ti phase. However. the microhardness was relatively low because of the low v/o and the insufflcient stability of precipitates. Thus. Cr was added to Al-Ti-Si alloys in order to stabilize the microstructures and to increase the v/o of precipitate5. As a result. the alIoys containing Cr were evaluated to possess the improved properties at the service temperature.

关键词： Ti Base Al Effects of Additional Elements on Microstructure and Precipitation Behaviour in Rapidly Solidified Al-Ti Base Alloys

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Recent Progress and Development in Extrusion of Rare Earth Free Mg Alloys: A Review

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2019年第2期32卷 145-168页

作者： Shuai-Ju Meng Hui Yu Shao-Da Fan Qi-Zhi Li sung Hyuk Park Joung Sik Suh young Min Kim Xiao-Long Nan Ming-Zhe Bian Fu-Xing Yin Wei-Min Zhao bong sun you Kwang Seon Shin School of Materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National University Materials Implementation Department Korea Institute of Materials Science National Key Laboratory of Shock Wave and Detonation Physics Institute of Fluid Physics China Academy of Engineering Physics School of Materials Science and Engineering Anhui University of Technology Magnesium Technology Innovation Center School of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National University

Mg and its alloys are the lightest structural metals available and are extremely attractive for applications as lightweight components, particularly in the automobile, electronic, and aerospace industries. The global market for wrought Mg alloys has steadily expanded over the past decade. And numerous studies have been carried out to meet this increasing demand of high-performance Mg alloys. However, Mg extrusion alloys have had a very limited usage so far. To overcome existing industrial challenges, one desirable approach is the development of low-cost rare earth(RE) free Mg extrusion alloys with superior mechanical properties. This review will introduce the recent research highlights in the extrusion of Mg alloys, specifi cally focusing on low-cost RE-free Mg alloy. The results from both the literature and our previous study are summarized and critically reviewed. Several aspects of RE-free Mg extrusion alloys are described in detail:(1) novel alloying designs including Mg–Al-, Mg–Zn-, Mg–Ca-, Mg–Sn-, and Mg–Bi-based alloys,(2) advanced extrusion techniques, and(3) extrusion-related severe plastic deformation(SPD) processing. Accordingly, considering the large gap in mechanical properties between the current RE-free Mg alloys and high-performance aluminum alloys, new alloy design, processing route control, and recommendations for future research on RE-free Mg extrusion alloys are also proposed. We hope this review will not only off er insightful information regarding the extrusion of RE-free Mg alloys but also inspire the development of new Mg extrusion technologies.

关键词： Mg alloy Extrusion Rare earth free Novel processing Mechanical properties

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Enhancement of porcine in vitro embryonic development through luteolin‑mediated activation of the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 600-613页

作者： Se-Been Jeon Pil-Soo Jeong Min Ju Kim Hyo-Gu Kang bong-Seok Song sun-Uk Kim Seong-Keun Cho Bo-Woong Sim Futuristic Animal Resource&Research Center(FARRC) Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology(KRIBB)Cheongju 28116Republic of Korea Department of Animal Science College of Natural Resources&Life SciencePusan National UniversityMiryang 50463Republic of Korea Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology College of Agriculture and Life ScienceChungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134Republic of Korea Department of Functional Genomics University of Science and TechnologyDaejeon 34113Republic of Korea Department of Animal Science Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute(RICRI)College of Natural Resources&Life SciencePusan National UniversityMiryang 50463Republic of Korea

Background Oxidative stress,caused by an imbalance in the production and elimination of intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS),has been recognized for its detrimental effects on mammalian embryonic ***(Lut)has been documented for its protective effects against oxidative stress in various ***,its specific role in embryonic development remains *** study aims to investigate the influence of Lut on porcine embryonic development and to elucidate the underlying *** After undergoing parthenogenetic activation(PA)or in vitro fertilization,embryos supplemented with 0.5μmol/L Lut displayed a significant enhancement in cleavage and blastocyst formation rates,with an increase in total cell numbers and a decrease in the apoptosis rate compared to the *** on D2 and D6 revealed that embryos with Lut supplementation had lower ROS levels and higher glutathione levels compared to the ***,Lut supplementation significantly augmented mitochondrial content and membrane ***,activation of the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway was observed in embryos supplemented with Lut,leading to the upregulation of antioxidant-related gene transcription *** further validate the relationship between the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway and effects of Lut in porcine embryonic development,we cultured PA embryos in a medium supplemented with brusatol,with or without the inclusion of *** positive effects of Lut on developmental competence were negated by brusatol *** Our findings indicate that Lut-mediated activation of the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway contributes to the enhanced production of porcine embryos with high developmental competence,and offers insight into the mechanisms regulating early embryonic development.

关键词： Luteolin Mitochondrial function Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway Oxidative stress Porcine embryo development

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