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Acute Oral Toxicity and Vasorelaxant Effects of Hydroethanolic Extract from Lannea microcarpa Engl. & K. Krause (Anacardiaceae) Trunk Barks in Mice Aortas: Possible Involvement of Intracellular Ca²⁺ Mobilization

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2023年第12期14卷 530-549页

作者： Mathieu Nitiéma Bertrand Kafando Windingoudi Rimwagna Christian Ouédraogo Bibata Sawadogo Boukaré Kaboré Wendkouni Leila Marie Esther Bélem-Kabré Tata Kadiatou Traoré Jean Claude Romaric Pingdwindé Ouédraogo Salfo Ouédraogo Lazare Belemnaba Aristide Traoré Moussa Ouédraogo Noufou Ouédraogo bondo félix kini Sylvin Ouédraogo Laboratoirede Recherche-Développement de Phytomédicaments et Médicaments Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoirede Développement du Médicament (LADME)/CEA-CfOREM Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Lannea microcrapa Engl. & K. Krause (Anacardiaceae) is a fruit and medicinal plant widely used in Burkina faso. This plant is traditionally used in the treatment of hypertension. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the vasorelaxant effects of the hydroethanolic extract from Lannea microcarpa trunk barks (HE_ELM) on the aorta isolated from NMRI mice. Phytochemical screening by HPTLC, assay of phenolic and flavonoid compounds, assessment of antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS, fRAP, and LPO), and myography of HE_ELM (1 - 2000 μg/mL) on mice thoracic aortas in the presence and absence of endothelium were carried out. Endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independant vasodilation were assessed by cumulative addition of Ach (1 nM - 10 μM) on aortic rings precontracted with the thromboxane analogue A2 agonist, 9,11-dideoxy9α,11α-methanoepoxy PGf2α (U46619). L-NAME was used to verify the involvement of NO production in the relaxation mechanism of the extract. Acute oral toxicity of HE_ELM was also evaluated. A phytochemical study revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, sterols and triterpenes, saponosides, and high levels of total phenolics and flavonoids. These compounds are thought to be responsible for the extract’s antioxidant and vasorelaxant properties. HE_ELM demonstrated significant antioxidant potential and induced aortic relaxation. Indeed, pharmacological parameters gave EC50 values ranging from 596.45 ± 95.82 μg/mL to 749.48 ± 133.40 μg/mL and Emax values from 85.51% ± 9.59% to 96.81% ± 8.60% for the three conditions of vasodilation of the extract (p > 0.05). A complete antagonism of the contractile effect of U46619 was noted with 1 mg/mL HE_ELM. These results suggest that HE_ELM induces aortic relaxation through a concentration-dependent, endothelium-independent mechanism, possibly involving intracellular calcium mobilization of vascular cells. Acute oral toxicity tests of HE_ELM (2000 mg/kg) showed no mortality or adverse effects, sugge

关键词： Lannea macrocarpa Hydroethanolic Extract Phytoconstituents Antioxidant Vasorelaxant Effects Safety

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Clinical Evaluation of the Safety and Efficacy of the Phytomedicine APIVIRINE Based on Aqueous Extracts of Dichrostachys glomerata (forssk.). Chiov. (D. cinerea) in COVID-19 Patients without Signs of Severity

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2023年第6期14卷 302-318页

作者： Daouda Ouédraogo Grissoum Tarnagda Jean Claude Romaric Pingdwindé Ouédraogo Amed Héma Simon Tiendrebéogo Salfo Ouédraogo Geoffroy Gueswindé Ouédraogo Lazare Belemnaba Noufou Ouédraogo félix Dit bondo kini Zékiba Tarnagda Martial Ouédraogo Sylvin Ouédraogo Service de Pneumologie/Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo (CHU-YO) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (IRSS/CNRST) Ouaga-dougou Burkina Faso

Background: Since the appearance of the COVID-19 pandemic, several drugs have also been proposed for the treatment of the COVID-19, but the therapeutic effectiveness of those drugs is not satisfactory. This situation has led to the search for therapeutic solutions based on recipes from traditional medicine. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical safety, efficacy and tolerability of the phytomedicine APIVIRINE in patients with non-severe COVID-19. Methods: Patients were included following defined criteria and followed on an outpatient basis until recovery in accordance with national guidelines for the management of single cases of COVID-19 in Burkina faso. Vital signs, anthropometric parameters as well as electrocardiographic, hematological and biochemical examinations were measured on D4, D7, D14 and D21. Adverse events were recorded during maintenance. Results: The present study included 45 patients. The clinical signs present at inclusion were mostly cough (44.44%), asthenia (42.22%), headache (40%), and anosmia (35.55%). Dyspnoea and chest pain were less represented in 05 (11.11%) and 06 (13.33%) patients. Cough, dyspnoea, chest pain, fever, sore throat, headache, and nasal obstruction present at inclusion disappeared before Day 4 of treatment. Anosmia and asthenia disappeared before Day 7. At the inclusion visit (Day 1), CRP, WBC, and blood glucose were abnormal in 15 (33.33%), 13 (28.89%), and 11 (24.44%) patients respectively. In addition, 3 (6.66%) patients had elevated creatinine levels. Transaminases Alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) were elevated in 05 (11.11%) patients while Aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) was elevated in 04 (8.89%) patients. After 4 days of treatment, the cure rate was 33.33% of patients and 48.89% after 7 days. The cumulative cure rate was 86.67% after 14 days of treatment. Conclusion: No serious side effects or allergic reactions were observed during treatment. No clinical complications were observed and all symptoms present r

关键词： APIVIRINE COVID-19 Clinical Study Safety

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