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Biofilm three-dimensional architecture influences in situ pH distribution pattern on the human enamel surface

International Journal of Oral Science 2017年第2期9卷 74-79页

作者： Jin Xiao Anderson T Hara Dongyeop Kim Domenick T Zero Hyun koo Geelsu Hwang Eastman Institute for Oral Health University of Rochester Medical Center Department of Cariology Operative Dentistry and Dental Public HealthOral Health Research InstituteIndiana University School of Dentistry Biofilm Research Laboratories Levy Center for Oral HealthDepartment of Orthodontics and Divisions of Pediatric Dentistry & Community Oral HealthSchool of Dental MedicineUniversity of Pennsylvania

To investigate how the biofilm three-dimensional(3D) architecture influences in situ pH distribution patterns on the enamel surface. Biofilms were formed on human tooth enamel in the presence of 1% sucrose or 0.5% glucose plus 0.5% fructose. At specific time points, biofilms were exposed to a neutral pH buffer to mimic the buffering of saliva and subsequently pulsed with 1% glucose to induce re-acidification. Simultaneous 3D pH mapping and architecture of intact biofilms was performed using two-photon confocal microscopy. The enamel surface and mineral content characteristics were examined successively via optical profilometry and microradiography analyses. Sucrose-mediated biofilm formation created spatial heterogeneities manifested by complex networks of bacterial clusters(microcolonies). Acidic regions(pH<5.5) were found only in the interior of microcolonies,which impedes rapid neutralization(taking more than 120 min for neutralization). Glucose exposure rapidly re-created the acidic niches, indicating formation of diffusion barriers associated with microcolonies structure. Enamel demineralization(white spots),rougher surface, deeper lesion and more mineral loss appeared to be associated with the localization of these bacterial clusters at the biofilm-enamel interface. Similar 3D architecture was observed in plaque-biofilms formed in vivo in the presence of sucrose. The formation of complex 3D architectures creates spatially heterogeneous acidic microenvironments in close proximity of enamel surface, which might correlate with the localized pattern of the onset of carious lesions(white spot like) on teeth.

关键词： biofilms demineralization dental caries exopolysaccharides microcolonies pH microenvironments plaque Streptococcus mutans

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第24期9卷 7205-7211页

作者： So-My koo Ki-Up Kim Yang-Ki Kim Soo-Taek Uh Department of Internal Medicine Soonchunhyang University Seoul HospitalSeoul 04401South Korea

BACKGROUND Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors(EGFR-TKIs)are tolerable drugs used for patients with EGFR-mutant advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Serious adverse reactions are uncommon compared with cytotoxic *** SUMMARY A 52-year-old man presented with general weakness and *** had been taking erlotinib for 11 mo to treat *** pathological diagnosis from the right upper lobe mass was adenocarcinoma with an EGFR mutation in exon 21(L858R).He had previously received paclitaxel/carboplatin,gemcitabin/vinorelbine chemotherapy,stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastasis,and whole-brain radiotherapy as treatment for *** diagnosed the patient with acute myeloid leukemia(AML).During the induction and consolidation chemotherapy for AML,the erlotinib was *** complete remission of the AML was achieved,since the lung masses were increased,pemetrexed/cisplatin for the NSCLC was *** two cycles of chemotherapy,the cytopenia was *** relapse occurred with the same *** Therapy-related acute myeloid neoplasm(t-MN)is a rare but fatal late *** a patient may be taking EGFR-TKIs,the possibility of t-MN should be *** studies are needed to determine whether EGFR-TKI usage is a predisposing factor for t-MN.

关键词： Acute myeloid leukemia Erlotinib Neoplasm,second primary Non-small cell lung cancer Case report

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Peroneus longus tendon rupture: A case report

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2019年第1期10卷 45-53页

作者： Don Koh Lincoln Liow Joseph Cheah Kevin koo Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Singapore General Hospital

BACKGROUND Peroneal tendinopathies are an under-diagnosed and potentially under-treated pathology. If left untreated it can be a cause of chronic lateral hindfoot pain. Its diagnosis is challenging owing to its low incidence and vague clinical *** SUMMARY We share a case of a patient who experienced a chronic lateral ankle pain exacerbated after alighting from a bus. This patient came to our attention only after failing conservative management on two separate occasions. Plain radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging revealed rupture of the peroneus longus tendon(PLT). Findings were confirmed intra-operatively and tenodesis of the PLT to the peroneus brevis was performed. Patient was kept non-weight-bear with his foot everted and in plantarflexion before being converted to an offloading boot at two weeks. Patient was started on a progressive rehabilitation programme at six weeks and was able to return to work shortly after with excellent *** We aim to share our experience in managing this patient and propose some pointers guided by available literature to avoid missing this commonly overlooked pathology.

关键词： Chronic lateral ankle pain Peroneus longus rupture Peroneal tendinopathy Tenodesis Diagnostic challenge Case report

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Gene expression profiles in gastric mucosa of sleep deprivation rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2000年第5期6卷 754-758页

作者： Jenny F.L.Chow Marcel W.L.koo Chi-Hin Cho Department of Pharmacology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Hong Kong5 Sassoon RoadPokfulamHong KongChina

INTRODUCTIONStress has been shown to induce gastric mucosallesions and lower the effectiveness of the mucosa asa *** rats,gastric ulcers can beproduced by cold-restraint stress and it isfrequently employed as a model ... 详细信息

关键词： gene expression mucosa gastric stress ulcer GI tract sleep deprivation cDNA ethanol

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Extraperitoneal Rectal Laceration Secondary to Blunt Trauma： Successful Transanal Endoscopic Repair with Hemoclips

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Chinese Medical Journal 2017年第19期130卷 2384-2385页

作者： koo-Yong Hahn Soon-Young Ko Woo-Surng Lee Yong-Hun Kim 'Department of Surgery School of Medicine Konkuk University Konkuk University Chungju Hospital Chungju-si Chungbuk Korea Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine Konkuk University Konkuk University Chungju Hospital Chungju-si Chungbuk Korea Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery School of Medicine Konkuk University Konkuk University Chungju Hospital Chungju-si Chungbuk Korea

Rectal injuries are caused by a variety of causes, such as stab wounds, gunshot injuries, blunt trauma, and foreign bodies. In particular, extraperitoneal rectal injury secondary to blunt trauma is very rare in the civilian setting and usually seen in association with comminuted fractures of the pelvis or sacrum and evidence of intraperitoneal injury.[1] The management of extraperitoneal rectal injury is treated either surgically or conservatively depending on the level and extent of the injury.[2] Currently, management of less severe extraperitoneal rectal injury is not standardized, but primary closure of the wound should be performed whenever possible. Therefore, we present a patient with a laceration of the midrectum secondary to blunt trauma who was successfully treated with endoscopic hemoclipping.

关键词： Endoscopy Nonpenetrating Rectum Wounds

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Estimation of Non-CO_2 GHGs Emissions by Analyzing Burn Severity in the Samcheok Fire,South Korea

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Journal of Mountain Science 2012年第6期9卷 731-741页

作者： WON Myoung Soo koo Kyo Sang LEE Myung Bo LEE Woo Kyun KANG Kyu-Young Division of Forest Disaster Management Korea Forest Research Institute130712 SeoulRepublic of Korea Faculty of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering Korea University-Seoul136701 SeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Biological and Environmental Science Dongguk University-Seoul100715 SeoulRepublic of Korea

This study was performed to estimate the emission of non-CO 2 greenhouse gases(GHGs) from biomass burning at a large fire *** extended methodology adopted the IPCC Guidelines(2003) equation for use on data from the Samcheok forest fire gathered using 30 m resolution Landsat TM satellite imagery,digital forest type maps,and growing stock information per hectare by forest type in *** burn ratio(NBR) technique was employed to analyze the area and severity of the Samcheok forest fire that occurred in *** differences between NBR from pre-and post-fire datasets are examined to determine the extent and degree of change detected from *** results of burn severity analysis by dNBR of the Samcheok forest fire area revealed that a total of 16,200 ha of forest were *** proportion of the area characterized by a 'Low' burn severity(dNBR below 152) was 35%,with 'Moderate'(dNBR 153-190) and 'High'(dNBR 191-255) areas were at 33% and 32%,*** combustion efficiency for burn severity was calculated as 0.43 for crown fire where burn severity was 'High',as 0.40 for 'Moderate' severity,and 0.15 for 'Low' severity surface *** emission factors for estimating non-CO 2 GHGs were separately applied to CO 130,CH 4 9,NO x 0.7 and N 2 O ***-CO 2 GHGs emissions from biomass burning in the Samcheok forest fire area were estimated to be CO 44.100,CH 4 3.053,NO x 0.238 and N 2 O 0.038 Gg.

关键词： Biomass burning Non-CO 2 GHGs Normalized burn ratio Combustion efficiency Emission factor Landsat TM

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Acupuncture Alters Pro-inflammatory Cytokines in the Plasma of Maternally Separated Rat Pups

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2017年第12期23卷 943-947页

作者： Dongsoo Kim Chang-Hwan Bae Ye Lee Jun Hyongjun Jeon Sungtae koo Seungtae Kim Division of Meridian and Structural Medicine School of Korean MedicinePusan National UniversityYangsan 50612Republicof Korea

Objective: To investigate the potential alleviating effects of acupuncture on maternal separation(MS)-induced changes in plasma pro-inflammatory cytokine levels of rat pups. Methods: On postnatal day 15, rat pups were randomly assigned to 4 groups(n=6 per group) using a random number table: normal, MS, MS with acupuncture stimulation at Shenmen(HT 7) acupoint(MS+HT 7), and MS with acupuncture stimulation at Chengshan(BL 57) acupoint(MS+BL 57) groups. Rat pups in the normal group were housed with their mothers under standard conditions; those in the MS, MS+HT 7 and MS+BL 57 groups were maternally separated and individually maintained. Acupuncture stimulation was performed at HT 7 or BL 57 acupoints once a day for 7 consecutive days. A tail suspension test was performed to measure immobility time of rats and the plasma was collected on postnatal day 21, then levels of corticosterone(CORT), interleukin(IL)-1β, IL-6 and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF) in plasma were measured. Results: Compared with the normal group, the immobility time and the plasma levels of CORT, IL-1β, IL-6 and GDNF in the MS group were significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with the MS group, the immobility time and the plasma levels of CORT, IL-1β, IL-6 and GDNF were significantly reduced in the MS+HT 7 group(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Moreover, the immobility time and plasma levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in the MS+HT 7 group were significantly lower than those in the MS+BL 57 group(P<0.05). Conclusion: Acupuncture stimulation at HT 7 can alleviate the behavioral impairment and changes of the cytokines by MS, indicating that acupuncture can help to relieve MS-induced depression.

关键词： acupuncture depression maternal separation cytokine interleukin-1β interleukin-6 corticosterone glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor

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Leaf traits and their interrelationship of 23 plant species in southeast of Keerqin Sandy Lands,China

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Frontiers in Biology 2008年第3期3卷 332-337页

作者： Jinhuan LIU Dehui ZENG Don koo LEE Zhiping FAN Lei ZHONG Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Department of Forest Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 151–921Korea

Six leaf traits,i.e.,fresh mass(FM),dry mass(DM),leaf dry matter content(DMC),area(AR),specific leaf area(SLA)and thickness(TH)from 23 plant species in the southeastern Keerqin Sandy Lands,China were *** results show that leaf traits of herbs were more diversified than those of shrubs and trees and aver-age SLA tended towards a decreasing trend from herbs to shrubs to *** the contrary,DMC and DM show an upward trend from herbs to shrubs to *** apparent difference was found in *** for DM and TH,there were significant variations in SLA and DMC among three different growth ***,a significant correlation was found between SLA and *** is concluded that SLA and DMC could be used to predict species position along a resource use gradient.

关键词： specific leaf area leaf dry matter content leaf thickness Keerqin Sandy Lands

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Overcoming the obstacles of current photodynamic therapy in tumors using nanoparticles

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第2期7卷 20-34页

作者： Donghyun Lee Soonmin Kwon Seok-young Jang Eunyoung Park Yeeun Lee Heebeom koo Department of Medical Life Sciences Department of Biomedicine&Health Sciencesand Catholic Photomedicine Research InstituteCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of Korea222 Banpo-daeroSeocho-guSeoul06591Republic of Korea

Photodynamic therapy(PDT)has been applied in clinical treatment of tumors for a long ***,insufficient supply of pivotal factors including photosensitizer(PS),light,and oxygen in tumor tissue dramatically reduces the therapeutic efficacy of *** have received an influx of attention as drug carriers,and recent studies have demonstrated their promising potential to overcome the obstacles of PDT in tumor *** optimization for passive targeting,ligand modification for active targeting,and stimuli-responsive release achieved efficient delivery of PS to tumor *** trials using upconversion NPs,two-photon lasers,X-rays,and bioluminescence have provided clues for efficient methods of light delivery to deep *** have been made to overcome unfavorable tumor microenvironments via artificial oxygen generation,Fenton reaction,and combination with other chemical *** this review,we introduce these creative approaches to addressing the hurdles facing PDT in *** particular,the studies that have been validated in animal experiments are preferred in this review over proof-of-concept studies that were only performed in cells.

关键词： Photodynamic therapy Nanoparticle Tumor-targeting Drug delivery Tissue penetration

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Performance evaluation of polyamide nanofiltration membranes for phosphorus removal process and their stability against strong acid/alkali solution

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第8期27卷 1789-1797页

作者： Yen Khai Chai How Chun Lam Chai Hoon koo Woei Jye Lau Soon Onn Lai Ahmad Fauzi Ismail Department of Civil Engineering Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and ScienceUniversiti Tunku Abdul RahmanJalan Bandar Sg.LongBandar Sg.Long43000 KajangSelangorMalaysia Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre(AMTEC) Universiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 SkudaiJohorMalaysia Department of Chemical Engineering Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and ScienceUniversiti Tunku Abdul RahmanJalan Bandar Sg.LongBandar Sg.Long43000 KajangSelangorMalaysia

In this study,a quantitative performance of three commercial polyamide nanofiltration(NF) membranes(i.e.,NF,NF90,and NF270) for phosphorus removal under different feed conditions was *** experiments were conducted at different feed phosphorus concentrations(2.5,5,10,and 15 mg·L^-1) and elevated pHs(pH 1.5,5,10,and 13.5) at a constant feed pressure of 1 MPa using a dead-end filtration *** rejection against total phosphorus generally increased with increasing phosphorus concentration regardless of membrane *** contrast,the permeate flux for all the membranes only decreased slightly with increasing phosphorus *** results also showed that the phosphorus rejections improved while water flux remained almost unchanged with increasing feed solution *** the three membranes were exposed to strong pHs(pH 1.5 and 13.5) for a longer duration(up to 6 weeks)it was found that the rejection capability and water flux of the membranes remained very similar throughout the duration,except for NF membrane with marginal decrement in phosphorus *** study also revealed that more phosphorus was adsorbed onto the membrane structure at alkaline conditions(pH 10 and 13.5) compared to the same membranes tested at lower pHs(pH 1.5 and 5).In eonelusion,NF270 membrane outperformed Nf and NF90 membranes owing to its desirable performance of water flux and phosphorus rejection particularly under strong alkali *** NF270 membrane achieved 14.0 L·m^-2·h^-1 and 96.5% rejection against 10 mg·L^-1 phosphorus solution with a pH value of 13.5 at the applied pressure of 1 MPa.

关键词： Membrane Nanofiltration Phosphorus removal pH Stability Humic acid

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