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How the surface Cu layer affected the activity of Ni foil for alkaline hydrogen evolution

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第2期169卷 11-18页

作者： Qingfeng hu Yuan Liu Xuerong Zheng Jinfeng Zhang Jiajun Wang Xiaopeng Han Yida Deng Wenbin hu School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of EducationTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea School of Materials Science and EngineeringHainan UniversityHaikou 570228China Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University International Campus of Tianjin UniversityBinhai New CityFuzhou 350207China

Synthesizing bimetallic nanomaterials,with noble metals as the surface layers and inert metals as the substrates,has been proven to be an effective way to reduce the use of noble metals with maintained catalytic ***,an atomic diffusion from the inert substrate to the surface during the long-term operation has been reported to significantly decrease the *** this work,a series of catalysis-inert Cu-coated Ni foil were fabricated through electrodeposition and their activities for alkaline hydrogen evolution were ***,the Ni/Cu-60 sample showed a similar catalytic property with pure Ni foil and only a slight decrease in HER activity was *** X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)results indicated a decreased electron concentration of Cu in Ni/Cu-60,and theoretical calculations further demonstrated the electron transfer between the Ni substrate and Cu *** results reveal that a specific composition or structure of an inert metal layer might not significantly decrease the electrocatalytic activity of active ***,there are more possibilities for the rational design of metal-based catalysts for electrocatalysis.

关键词： Bimetallic heterostructure Charge redistribution Water splitting Alkaline hydrogen evolution

Nociceptors and Macrophages in Bacterial Meningitis:Partners in Crime?

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第3期40卷 418-420页

作者： Fang Gao Hongzhen hu The Kimberly and Eric J.Waldman Department of Dermatology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew York NY10029USA The Nash Family Department of Neuroscience Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew York NY10029USA The Mark Lebwohl Center for Neuroinfammation and Sensation Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew York NY10029USA Friedman Brain Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew York NY10029USA

Bacterial meningitis is a serious and potentially life-threatening infection that affects the protective layers surrounding the brain and spinal cord,known as the *** types of bacteria,including Streptococcus pneumoniae,Neisseria meningitidis,and Haemophilus influenzae,can cause this *** populations,such as infants,children,immunocompromised adults,and the elderly,are particularly vulnerable to these *** of bacterial meningitis can manifest suddenly and may include high fever,severe and persistent headache,stiff neck,vomiting,sensitivity to light,and confusion or changes in mental state[1,2].Identifying these symptoms in infants can be more challenging and may lead to long-term disability or death[3].Despite the effectiveness of vaccines,it is crucial to understand how bacteria invade the brain and how our innate immune system responds to infection(Fig.1).

关键词： protective infection suddenly

Mg-Al-hydrotalcite with alkaline sites protects Ni/KIT-6 from formation of amorphous coke in glycerol steam reforming via tailoring reaction intermediates

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 25-39页

作者： Yunyu Guo Yiran Wang Yuewen Shao Shu Zhang Yi Wang Song hu Jun Xiang Xun hu School of Material Science and Engineering University of JinanJinan 250022China Joint International Research Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

During steam reforming,the performance of a catalyst and amount/property of coke are closely related to reaction intermediates reaching surface of a ***,modification of reaction intermediates by placing Mg-Al-hydrotalcite above Ni/KIT-6 catalyst in steam reforming of glycerol was conducted at 300 to 600°*** results revealed that the catalytic activity of Ni/KIT-6 in the lower bed was enhanced with either Mg1-Al5-hydrotalcite(containing more acidic sites)or Mg5-Al1-hydrotalcite(containing more alkaline sites)as upper-layer *** in situ infrared characterization of steam reforming demonstrated that Mg-Al-hydrotalcite catalyzed the deoxygenation of glycerol,facilitating the reforming of the partially deoxygenated intermediates over Ni/***-Al-hydrotalcite as protective catalyst,however,did not protect the Ni/KIT-6 from formation of more ***,this did not lead to further deactivation of Ni/KIT-6 while Mg5-Al1-hydrotalcite even substantially enhanced the catalytic stability,even though the coke was much more significant than that in the use of single Ni/KIT-6(52.7%vs.28.6%).The reason beneath this was change of the property of coke from more aliphatic to more ***5-Al1-hydrotalcite catalyzed dehydration of glycerol,producing dominantly reaction intermediates bearing C=C,which formed the catalytic coke of with carbon nanotube as the main form with smooth outer walls as well as higher aromaticity,C/H ratio,crystallinity,crystal carbon size,thermal stability,and resistivity toward oxidation on Ni/KIT-6 in the lower *** comparison,the abundance of acidic sites on Mg1-Al5-hydrotalcite catalyzed the formation of more oxygen-containing species,leading to the formation of carbon nanotubes of rough surface on Ni/KIT-6.

关键词： steam reforming of glycerol Mg-Alhydrotalcite sacrificial catalyst reaction intermediates property of coke

Allosteric DNAzyme-based encoder for molecular information transfer

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第7期35卷 235-241页

作者： Minghao hu Tianci Xie Yuqiang hu Longjie Li Ting Wang Tongbo Wu School of Pharmacy Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China Department of Oncology Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China GI Cancer Research Institute Tongji HospitalHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China School of Life Science and Technology Wuhan Polytechnic UniversityWuhan 430023China State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering EducationSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China

Dynamic DNA nanotechnology plays a significant role in nanomedicine and information science due to its high programmability based on Watson-Crick base pairing and nanoscale *** DNA machines and networks have been widely used in various fields,including molecular imaging,biosensors,drug delivery,information processing,and logic *** serve as crucial components for information compilation and transfer,allowing the conversion of information from diverse application scenarios into a format recognized and applied by DNA ***,there are only a few encoder designs with DNA ***,the molecular priority encoder is hardly *** this study,we introduce allosteric DNAzyme-based encoders for information *** design of the allosteric domain and the recognition arm allows the input and output to be independent of each other and freely *** pre-packaged mode design achieves uniformity of baseline dynamics and dynamics *** also integrated non-nucleic acid molecules into the encoder through the aptamer design of the allosteric ***,we developed the 2^(n)-n encoder and the EndoⅣ-assisted priority encoder inspired by immunoglobulin's molecular structure and effector *** our knowledge,the proposed encoder is the first enzyme-free DNA encoder with DNA output,and the priority encoder is the first molecular priority encoder in the DNA reaction *** encoders avoid complex operations on a single molecule,and their simple structure facilitates their application in complex DNA circuits and biological scenarios.

关键词： DNAzyme Encoder Nucleic acids DNA circuit DNA strand displacement Dynamic DNA nanotechnology

CMIP 6 models simulation of the connection between North/South Pacific Meridional Mode and ENSO

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第2期42卷 439-453页

作者： Yunlong LU Junqiao FENG Dunxin hu Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Center for Ocean Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China

The subtropical North and South Pacific Meridional Modes(NPMM and SPMM)are well known precursors of El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO).However,relationship between them is not *** the early 1980,the relationship experienced an interdecadal *** in this connection can be attributed mainly to the phase change of the Pacific decadal oscillation(PDO).During the positive phase of PDO,a shallower thermocline in the central Pacific is responsible for the stronger trade wind charging(TWC)mechanism,which leads to a stronger equatorial subsurface temperature *** dynamic process strengthens the connection between NPMM and *** with the negative phase of PDO,a shallower thermocline over southeastern Pacific allows an enhanced wind-evaporation-SST(WES)feedback,strengthening the connection between SPMM and *** 35 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6)models,we examined the NPMM/SPMM performance and its connection with ENSO in the historical *** great majority of CMIP6 models can reproduce the pattern of NPMM and SPMM well,but they reveal discrepant ENSO and NPMM/SPMM *** intermodal uncertainty for the connection of NPMM-ENSO is due to different TWC mechanism.A stronger TWC mechanism will enhance NPMM *** SPMM,few models can simulate a good relationship with *** intermodel spread in the relationship of SPMM and ENSO owing to SST bias in the southeastern Pacific,as WES feedback is stronger when the southeastern Pacific is warmer.

关键词： North and South Pacific Meridional Modes(NPMM and SPMM) El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO) Pacific decadal oscillation(PDO) Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6)

Distributed Heterogeneous Multi-Agent Optimization with Stochastic Sub-Gradient

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第4期37卷 1470-1487页

作者： hu Haokun MO Lipo CAO Xianbing School of Mathematics and Statistics Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China School of Mathematics and Statistics Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China Research Centre for Agri-Product Quality Traceability Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China

This paper studies the optimization problem of heterogeneous networks under a timevarying *** agent only accesses to one local objective function,which is *** improved algorithm with noisy measurement of local objective functions' sub-gradients and additive noises among information exchanging between each pair of agents is designed to minimize the sum of objective functions of all *** weaken the effect of these noises,two step sizes are introduced in the control *** graph theory,stochastic analysis and martingale convergence theory,it is proved that if the sub-gradients are uniformly bounded,the sequence of digraphs is balanced and the union graph of all digraphs is joint strongly connected,then the designed control protocol can force all agents to find the global optimal point almost *** last,the authors give some numerical examples to verify the effectiveness of the stochastic sub-gradient algorithms.

关键词： Communication noises distributed stochastic optimization heterogeneous networks subgradient measurement noises

A Probing Model of Secret Key Generation Based on Channel Autocorrelation Function

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China Communications 2024年第6期21卷 163-175页

作者： Xia Enjun hu Binjie Shen Qiaoqiao School of Electronic and Information Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China

Secret key generation(SKG)is a promising solution to the problem of wireless communications *** the first step of SKG,channel probing affects it *** there have been some probing schemes,there is a lack of research on the optimization of the probing *** study investigates how to optimize correlated parameters to maximize the SKG rate(SKGR)in the time-division duplex(TDD)***,we build a probing model which includes the effects of transmitting power,the probing period,and the dimension of sample *** on the model,the analytical expression of the SKGR is ***,we formulate an optimization problem for maximizing the SKGR and give an algorithm to solve *** conclude the SKGR monotonically increases as the transmitting power *** mathematical proofs are given in this *** the simulation results,increasing appropriately the probing period and the dimension of the sample vector could increase the SKGR dramatically compared to a yardstick,which indicates the importance of optimizing the parameters related to the channel probing phase.

关键词： channel autocorrelation function channel probing optimization problem physical layer security secret key generation

Nitrogen availability mediates the effects of roots and mycorrhizal fungi on soil organic carbon decomposition:A meta-analysis

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Pedosphere 2024年第2期34卷 289-296页

作者： Tongshuo BAI Yunpeng QIU Shuijin hu Ecosystem Ecology Laboratory College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Department of Entomology&Plant Pathology North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh NC 27695USA

Plant roots and their associated mycorrhizal fungi critically mediate the decomposition of soil organic carbon(C),but the general patterns of their impacts over a broad geographical range and the primary mediating factors remain *** on a synthesis of 596 paired observations from both field and greenhouse experiments,we found that living roots and/or mycorrhizal fungi increased organic C decomposition by 30.9%,but low soil nitrogen(N)availability(i.e.,high soil C:N ratio)critically mitigated this promotion *** addition,the positive effects of living roots and/or mycorrhizal fungi on organic C decomposition were higher under herbaceous and leguminous plants than under woody and non-leguminous plants,***,there was no significant difference between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and ectomycorrhizal fungi in their effects on organic C ***,roots and/or mycorrhizal fungi significantly enhanced the decomposition of leaf litter but not root *** findings advance our understanding of how roots and their symbiotic fungi modulate soil C dynamics in the rhizosphere or mycorrhizosphere and may help improve predictions of soil global C balance under a changing climate.

关键词： arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ectomycorrhizal fungi leaf litter leguminous plant mycorhizosphere rhizosphere root litter soil C:N ratio

Distributed order estimation for continuous-time stochastic systems

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Control Theory and Technology 2024年第3期22卷 406-418页

作者： Xinghua Zhu Zhixin Liu Xiaoming hu Key Laboratory of Systems and Control Academy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceBeijing 100190China School of Mathematical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Department of Mathematics KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholm 10044Sweden

In this paper,we investigate the distributed estimation problem of continuous-time stochastic dynamic systems over sensor networks when both the system order and parameters are *** propose a local information criterion(LIC)based on the L_(0)penalty *** minimizing LIC at the diffusion time instant and utilizing the continuous-time diffusion least squares algorithm,we obtain a distributed estimation algorithm to simultaneously estimate the unknown order and the parameters of the *** dealing with the effect of the system noises and the coupling relationship between estimation of system orders and parameters,we establish the almost sure convergence results of the proposed distributed estimation ***,we give a simulation example to verify the effectiveness of the distributed algorithm in estimating the system order and parameters.

关键词： Stochastic differential equations Sensor networks Distributed order estimation Cooperative excitation condition.Convergence