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Multi-omics revealed the mechanism of feed efficiency in sheep by the combined action of the host and rumen microbiota

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第3期18卷 367-379页

作者： Guangchen Zhou Junda Li Xuhui Liang bohua yang Ximeng He Hongyu Tang Hongran Guo Gongwei Liu Wenyuan Cui Yulin Chen Yuxin yang Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi ProvinceCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

This study was conducted to investigate potential regulatory mechanisms of feed efficiency(FE)in sheep by linking rumen microbiota with its host by the multi-omics *** hundred and ninety-eight hybrid female sheep(initial body weight=30.88±4.57 kg;4-month-old)were selected as candidate *** test sheep was fed in an individual pen for 60 days,and the residual feed intake(RFI)was *** ten candidate sheep with the highest RFI were divided into the Low-FE group,and the ten with the lowest RFI were divided into the High-FE group,all selected for sample *** RFI,average daily gain and average daily feed intake were highly significantly different between the two experimental groups(P<0.05).Compared with Low-FE group,the insulin-like growth factor-1 and very low-density lipoprotein in serum and the propionate in rumen significantly increased in High-FE group(P<0.01),but the acetate:propionate ratio in rumen significantly decreased in High-FE group(P¼0.034).Metagenomics revealed Selenomonas ruminantium,Selenomonas *** Faecalibacterium prausnitzii were key bacteria,and increased abundance of the genes encoding the enzymes for cellulose degradation and production of propionate in High-FE *** results of proteomics and section showed the rumen papilla length and expression of carbonic anhydrase and Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase were significantly higher in High-FE group(P<0.05).On the other hand,the acetyl-CoA content significantly increased in the liver of High-FE group(P¼0.002).The relative expression levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 and apolipoprotein A4 genes were significantly up-regulated in the liver of High-FE group(P<0.05),but relative expression level of monoacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 3 gene was significantly down-regulated(P¼0.037).These findings provide the mechanism by which the collaborative interaction between rumen microbiota fermentation and host uptake and metabolism of fermentation products impacts feed efficiency tr

关键词： Residual feed intake Sheep Microbial composition Rumen proteome Liver transcriptome Metabolite

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学制视域下近代中国高等艺术教育的演进及当代启示

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中北大学学报（社会科学版） 2024年第1期40卷 130-134页

作者：张玲钰杨博华中北大学艺术学院山西太原030051

象征新学的学制系统为教育近代化的建立奠定了制度基础,近代中国高等艺术教育作为近代教育的一部分,也由此逐步发展起来。解读近代中国颁布实施的四部学制(《壬寅学制》《癸卯学制》《壬子癸丑学制》和《壬戌学制》)视野下近代中国高等... 详细信息

象征新学的学制系统为教育近代化的建立奠定了制度基础,近代中国高等艺术教育作为近代教育的一部分,也由此逐步发展起来。解读近代中国颁布实施的四部学制(《壬寅学制》《癸卯学制》《壬子癸丑学制》和《壬戌学制》)视野下近代中国高等艺术教育的发展脉络,探究其从封建科举走向实利主义救亡、从实学教育到国民教育的历史使命,反思当前我国艺术教育的发展走势,从而探寻适合当代中国的艺术教育改革方案:适应社会需求,与时俱进;文化互鉴,并最终形成中国方案。

关键词：学制近代中国高等艺术教育

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Martensite decomposition under thermal-mechanical coupling conditions to fabricate an ultrafine-grained Ti6Al4Mo4Zr1W0.2Si alloy

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第1期168卷 157-168页

作者： Taoyu Zhou Jiuxu yang Nan Li Hao Sun bohua Zhang Zibo Zhao Qingjiang Wang Shi-changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China

The fabrication of ultrafine-grained microstructures(grain size below 1μm)in titanium alloys is beneficial for improving their mechanical properties at room temperature and medium tempera-tures(400-550°C).However,a long-standing challenge involves the low-cost manufacturing of bulk ultrafine-grained titanium *** this work,we developed a facile strategy through martensite de-composition at thermal-mechanical coupling conditions,to fabricate an equiaxed microstructure in a Ti6Al4Mo4Zr1W0.2Si model alloy with an averageαgrain size of 315±62 *** formation of the ultrafine-grained microstructure was because the lattice strain stored in the martensitic initial mi-crostructure enhanced the nucleation rate of dynamic recrystallization,meanwhile,the pinning role of martensite decomposition productsβand(Ti,Zr)_(5)Si_(3)phases suppressed grain coarsening at high *** to conventional(α+β)alloys,the tensile strength of this alloy improved by 20%-30%at both room temperature and 550°C,without decreasing its *** situ SEM observations revealed that the ultrafine-grained microstructure would not only suppress dislocation motions but also contribute to the homogenous deformation in the matrix of the material,therefore,it resulted in higher mechanical *** research results may be of great significance to the development of next-generation aviation titanium alloys.

关键词： Ultrafine-grained Titanium alloy In situ observation Deformation mechanism Thermostability

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杨博华基于“寒者热之,热者寒之”运用虫类药治疗糖尿病周围神经病变经验

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北京中医药 2024年第7期43卷 794-797页

作者：王东阳杨博华于汶仟王乐林欣潮北京中医药大学东直门医院周围血管科北京100010 北京中医药大学东直门医院肾病内分泌科北京100010

杨博华教授认为糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)多与瘀有关,并根据长期临床经验将DPN的病因病机概括为“湿热痹阻,脉络阻塞;气阴两虚,痰瘀互结;阳气亏虚,寒凝血瘀”3个方面。DPN的病机本质为本虚标实证,杨教授根据“寒者热之,热者寒之”的治疗... 详细信息

杨博华教授认为糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)多与瘀有关,并根据长期临床经验将DPN的病因病机概括为“湿热痹阻,脉络阻塞;气阴两虚,痰瘀互结;阳气亏虚,寒凝血瘀”3个方面。DPN的病机本质为本虚标实证,杨教授根据“寒者热之,热者寒之”的治疗原则,在治疗上提出“以虫之性,辨证通络”的观点,寒虫入络、清热逐瘀,平虫行络、无损气阴,热虫通络、制寒补虚,以达到“祛瘀不伤正,攻利而不伐”的治疗效果。

关键词：寒者热之热者寒之杨博华虫类药糖尿病周围神经病变名医经验

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Room-temperature and atmospheric-pressure hydrogenation of lignin-derived phenol to KA oil by Pt/NiO@MOFs

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 7053-7060页

作者： Fengbin Zheng Kun Wang Yifei Ren bohua Wang Wenxing Chen Caoyu yang Shengxian Shao Yinglong Wang Zhiyong Tang Guodong Li College of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042China CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing 100190China School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100181China School of Nanoscience and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Hydrogenation of lignin-derived phenol to KA oil(the mixture of cyclohexanone(K)and cyclohexanol(A))is attractive yet challenging in the sustainable upgrading of biomass derivatives under mild *** supported metal catalysts have been widely studied but the active components on supports often exhibit low recyclability due to their instability under experimental *** we show fabricating ultrasmall Pt/NiO in the pores of chromium terephthalate MIL-101 as catalysts for hydrogenation of ***,Pt/NiO@MIL-101 achieves catalytic phenol hydrogenation to KA oils of tunable K/A ratios and good reusability under room temperature and atmospheric hydrogen pressure,superior to contrast Pt@MIL-101 and Pt/NiO *** excellent performance mainly originates from the effective adsorption and activation of phenol by coordinatively unsaturated Cr sites and H2 activation on ultrasmall Pt/NiO as well as its effective spillover to the adsorbed phenol over Cr sites for hydrogenation ***,such catalyst also displays the excellent performances for hydrogenation of phenol’s derivatives under mild conditions.

关键词： ultrasmall Pt/NiO MIL-101 phenol hydrogenation KA oil

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Real-time generation of circular patterns in electron beam lithography

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Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering 2024年第3期7卷 90-98页

作者： Zhengjie Li bohua Yin Botong Sun Jingyu Huang Pengfei Wang Li Han Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190China

Electron beam lithography(EBL)involves the transfer of a pattern onto the surface of a substrate byﬁrst scanning a thin layer of organicﬁlm(called resist)on the surface by a tightly focused and precisely controlled electron beam(exposure)and then selectively removing the exposed or nonexposed regions of the resist in a solvent(developing).It is widely used for fabrication of integrated cir-cuits,mask manufacturing,photoelectric device processing,and otherﬁ*** key to drawing circular patterns by EBL is the graphics production and *** an EBL system,an embedded processor calculates and generates the trajectory coordinates for movement of the electron beam,and outputs the corresponding voltage signal through a digital-to-analog converter(DAC)to control a deﬂector that changes the position of the electron *** this procedure,it is possible to guarantee the accuracy and real-time con-trol of electron beam scanning deﬂ*** EBL systems mostly use the method of polygonal approximation to expose circles.A circle is divided into several polygons,and the smaller the segmentation,the higher is the precision of the splicing ***,owing to the need to generate and scan each polygon separately,an increase in the number of segments will lead to a decrease in the overall lithography *** this paper,based on Bresenham’s circle algorithm and exploiting the capabilities of aﬁeld-programmable gate array and DAC,an improved real-time circle-producing algorithm is designed for *** algorithm can directly generate cir-cular graphics coordinates such as those for a single circle,solid circle,solid ring,or concentric ring,and is able to effectively realizes deﬂection and scanning of the electron beam for circular graphics *** with the polygonal approximation method,the improved algorithm exhibits improved precision and *** the same time,the point generation strategy is optimized to solve the blank pixel and pseudo-pixel prob

关键词： Electron beam lithography Circle production Micro–nano fabrication Pattern generator

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碎片化与整体性——《白色旅馆》的历史感书写

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当代外国文学 2003年第4期24卷 59-63页

作者：杨博华南京大学外国语学院

《白色旅馆》没有直接写历史 ,而是通过叙事者的复述展示了人类历史上曾经有过的最为惨烈的一幕———巴比亚大屠杀。本文对这部作品的叙事方式和主题意蕴进行分析解读 ,认为小说集历史、幻想、病症和诗歌于一体 ,并运用转换与统一的结... 详细信息

《白色旅馆》没有直接写历史 ,而是通过叙事者的复述展示了人类历史上曾经有过的最为惨烈的一幕———巴比亚大屠杀。本文对这部作品的叙事方式和主题意蕴进行分析解读 ,认为小说集历史、幻想、病症和诗歌于一体 ,并运用转换与统一的结构和叙事手法 ,是一部构思独特、主题严肃。

关键词：《白色旅馆》叙事方式小说巴比亚大屠杀英国艺术风格

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Catalytic degradation of chlorinated volatile organic compounds(CVOCs)over Ce-Mn-Ti composite oxide catalysts

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 326-338页

作者： Zhiwei Zhou Qianqian Li Guijin Su Jiaxin Pang bohua Sun Jing Meng Bin Shi Henan Institute of Advanced Technology Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and EcotoxicologyResearch Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Developing industrially moldable catalysts with harmonized redox performance and acidity is of great significance for the efficient disposal of chlorinated volatile organic compounds(CVOCs)in actual exhaust ***,commercial TiO_(2),typically used for molding catalysts,was chosen as the carrier to fabricate a series of Ce_(0.02)Mn_(0-0.24)TiO_(x) materials with different Mn doping ratios and employed for chlorobenzene(CB)*** introduction of Mn remarkedly facilitated the synergistic effect of each element via the electron transfer processes:Ce^(3+)+Mn^(4+/3+)■Ce^(4+)+Mn^(3+/2+)and Mn^(4+/3+)+Ti^(4+)■Mn^(3+/2+)+Ti^(3+).These synergistic interactions in Ce_(0.02)Mn_(0.04-0.24)TiO_(x),especially Ce_(0.02)Mn_(0.16)TiO_(x),significantly elevated the active oxygen species,oxygen vacancies and redox properties,endowing the superior catalytic oxidation of *** the Mn doping amount increased to 0.24,a separate Mn_(3)O_(4) phase appeared,which in turn might weaken the synergistic ***,the acidity of Ce_(0.02)Mn_(0.04-0.24)TiO_(x) was decreased with the Mn doping,regulating the balance of redox property and ***,Ce_(0.02)Mn_(0.16)TiO_(x) featured relatively abundant B-acid *** coordinating redox ability and moderate acidity promoted the deep oxidation of CB and RCOOH-intermediates,as well as the rapid desorption of Cl species,thus obtaining sustainable *** comparison,CeTiO_(x) owned the strongest acidity,however,its poor redox property was not sufficient for the timely oxidative decomposition of the easier adsorbed CB,resulting in its rapid *** finding provides a promising strategy for the construction of efficient commercial molding catalysts to decompose the industrial-scale CVOCs.

关键词： Chlorobenzene Ce_(0.02)Mn_(0-0.2)4tiox materials Redox ability Acidity Synergistic interaction

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Extraction of fractures in shale CT images using improved U-Net

Energy Geoscience

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第2期5卷 240-248页

作者： Xiang Wu Fei Wang Xiaoqiu Zhang bohua Han Qianru Liu Yonghao Zhang College of Geology Engineering and Geomatics Chang'an UniversityXi'anShaanxi710054China Qinghai Oilfield Exploration and Development Research Institute DunhuangGansu736202China China Petroleum Logging Co.Ltd. Xi'anShaanxi710077China

Accurate extraction of pores and fractures is a prerequisite for constructing digital rocks for physical property simulation and microstructural response ***,fractures in CT images are similar in grayscale to the rock matrix,and traditional algorithms have difficulty to achieve accurate segmentation *** this study,a dataset containing multiscale fracture information was constructed,and a U-Net semantic segmentation model with a scSE attention mechanism was used to classify shale CT images at the pixel level and compare the results with traditional *** results showed that the CLAHE algorithm effectively removed noise and enhanced the fracture information in the dark parts,which is beneficial for further fracture *** Canny edge detection algorithm had significant false positives and failed to recognize the internal information of the *** Otsu algorithm only extracted fractures with a significant difference from the background and was not sensitive enough for fine *** MEF algorithm enhanced the edge information of the fractures and was also sensitive to fine fractures,but it overestimated the aperture of the *** U-Net was able to identify almost all fractures with good continuity,with an MIou and Recall of 0.80 and 0.82,*** the image resolution increases,more fine fracture information can be extracted.

关键词： CT slices Fracture segmentation Shale U-Net Deep learning

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Unlocking single-atom catalysts via amorphous substrates

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 3533-3546页

作者： bohua Sun Mingyuan Xu Xiaoxia Li Baohong Zhang Rui Hao Xiaoyu Fan Binbin Jia Dingshun She School of Engineering and Technology China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China Zhengzhou Institute China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Zhengzhou 451283China College of Materials and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion MaterialsChina Three Gorges UniversityYichang 443002China School of Chemistry Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchy Fabrication CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing 100190China National Engineering Research Center of Nonferrous Metals Materials and Products for New EnergyChina GRINM Group Co.Ltd.Beijing 100088China

Single-atom catalysts(SACs)reveal great potential for application in catalysis due to their fully exposed active *** general,single atoms(SAs)and the coordination substrates need to have strong interactions or charge transfer to ensure the atomic dispersion,which requires the selection of a suitable substrate to stabilize the target *** studies have demonstrated that amorphous materials with abundant defects and coordinatively unsaturated sites can be used as substrates for more efficient capturing SAs,further enhancing the catalytic *** this review,we discuss recent research progress of SAs loaded on amorphous substrates for enhanced catalytic ***,we summarize the commonly used amorphous substrates for stabilizing ***,we present several advanced applications of amorphous SACs in the field of catalysis,including electrocatalysis and *** then,we also clarify the synergistic mechanism between SAs and amorphous substrate on catalytic ***,we summarize the challenges with our personal views and provide a critical outlook on how amorphous SACs continue to evolve.

关键词： single-atoms amorphous substrate synthetic strategy catalysis

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