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X-ray absorption spectroscopy study of energy transport in foil targets heated by petawatt laser pulses

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Photonics Research 2018年第4期6卷 234-237页

作者： I. Y. SKOBELEV S. N. RYAZANtSEV D. D. ARICH P. S. BRAtCHENKO A. Y. FAENOV t. A. PIKUZ P. DUREY L. DOEHL D. FARLEY C. D. BAIRD K. L. LANCAStER C. D. mURPHY N. BOOtH C. SPINDLOE P. mCKENNA S. B. HANSEN J. COLGAN R. KODAmA N. WOOLSEY S. A. PIKUZ Joint Institute for High temperatures RAS Moscow 125412 Russia National Research Nuclear University "mEPhl " Moscow 115409 Russia m. V. Lomonosov moscow State University Moscow 119991 Russia Open and transdisciplinary Research Initiative Osaka University Osaka 565-0871 Japan Graduated School of Engineering Osaka University Osaka 565-0871 Japan York Plasma Institute Department of Physics University of York York YO10 5DD UK Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Didcot OX11 0QX UK Department of Physics SUPA University of Strathclyde Glasgow G40NG UK Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque New Mexico 87123 USA theoretical Division Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA

X-ray absorption spectroscopy is proposed as a method for studying the heating of solid-density matter excited by secondary X-ray radiation from a relativistic laser-produced plasma. the method was developed and applied to experiments involving thin silicon foils irradiated by 0.5–1.5 ps duration ultrahigh contrast laser pulses at intensities between 0.5 × 10^(20) and 2.5 × 10^(20) W∕cm^2. the electron temperature of the material at the rear side of the target is estimated to be in the range of 140–300 eV. the diagnostic approach enables the study of warm dense matter states with low self-emissivity.

关键词：激光等离子体辐射通讯技术

白血病细胞表面乙酰肝素酶及其相关蛋白的表达

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白血病．淋巴瘤 2011年第12期20卷 723-725,729页

作者：张冬霞李志芹云雁韩轩茂贺其图贾国荣卢艳马宏杰刘学文白学琴郭美祥卓丽霞包头医学院第一附属医院血液内科 014010

目的观察白血病细胞表面乙酰肝素酶（HPA）及其相关蛋白表达，研究白血病细胞表面止血平衡改变。方法研究组为白血病患者40例，对照组为缺铁性贫血患者20例。流式细胞术检测骨髓白血病细胞表面HPA、组织因子（tF）、组织因子途径抑制物... 详细信息

目的观察白血病细胞表面乙酰肝素酶（HPA）及其相关蛋白表达，研究白血病细胞表面止血平衡改变。方法研究组为白血病患者40例，对照组为缺铁性贫血患者20例。流式细胞术检测骨髓白血病细胞表面HPA、组织因子（tF）、组织因子途径抑制物（tFPI）、尿激酶纤溶酶原激活物受体（uPAR）的表达。结果与对照组相比，急性髓系白血病（AmL）组、慢性粒细胞白血病（CmL）组、急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）组、慢性淋巴细胞白血病（CLL）组及完全缓解后急性白血病（CRAL）组患者骨髓中白血病细胞表面tF、UPAR、HPA的表达均显著升高，差异均有统计学意义（t值分别为3．289、3．507、2．701，均P〈0．05；t值分别为2．498、0．802、3．090，均P〈0．05；t值分别为2．642、3．308、2．696，均P〈0．05；t值分别为3．417、3．434、2．382，均P〈0．05；t值为2．193、2．272、2．263，均P〈0．05），tFPI的表达与对照组相比差异无统计学意义（均P〉0．05）。初发白血病中，AmL组tF、UPAR、HPA表达均高于CmL、ALL及CLL组（t值分别为2．463、2．179、2．276，均P〈0．05；t值分别为2．637、2．402、2．095，均P〈0．05；t值分别为2．548、2．425、2．412，均P〈0．05）。AmL中地、m4、地的表达较其他类型组高，差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0．05），三者之间比较差异无统计学意义（均P〉0．05）。结论白血病细胞表面HPA、tF、UPAR表达增高；不同类型白血病表达水平不同，急性白血病，尤其是AmL中m3、m4、m5表达更加明显。tF、UPAR、HPA影响白血病细胞表面止血平衡．不同类型白血病细胞表面止血平衡改变不同。

关键词：白血病乙酰肝素酶尿激酶纤维蛋白溶酶原激活受体组织因子组织因子途径抑制物

Estimation of PSA Half-Life Following Salvage Radiation therapy

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Journal of Cancer therapy 2018年第1期9卷 9-15页

作者： Ajay B. Patel Katherine S. tzou michael G. Heckman Colleen S. thomas Richard J. Lee Nitesh Paryani thomas m. Pisansky Jennifer L. Peterson Robert C. miller Stephen J. Ko Laura A. Vallow Steven J. Buskirk Northside Radiation Oncology Consultants Atlanta GA USA Department of Radiation Oncology Mayo Clinic Jacksonville FL USA Division of Biostatistics and Informatics Mayo Clinic Jacksonville FL USA Central Florida Cancer Care Center Orlando FL USA tRI Radiation Oncology Kansas City MO USA Department of Radiation Oncology Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA

Background:?We aim to estimate prostate-specific antigen (PSA) half-life after salvage radiation therapy (SRt) in patients with detectable PSA after radical prostatectomy (RP). methods: A total of 272 patients treated with salvage radiotherapy between July 1987 and July 2010 were included in this IRB approved retrospective analysis. the median pre-salvage radiotherapy dose was 0.6 ng/mL (range, 0.2 - 21.9 ng/mL), 47 patients had at least a minimum tumor stage of t3b, 29 had a Gleason score over 7, and median dose was 66.6 Gy (range, 54.0 - 72.4 Gy). Results: the estimated PSA half-life in our cohort of patients was 3.0 months (95% CI, 2.9 - 3.2 months;range, 0.5 - 28.5 months). there was no evidence of a statistically significant association between PSA half-life and any baseline clinicopathologic characteristics. the median interval between individual PSA measurements was noted to be 4.6 months (range, 0.1 - 20.4 months). the median interval from the start of radiation therapy to the nadir PSA was 6.3 months (range, 1.3 - 79.1 months). PSA half-life remained approximately 3.0 months when accounting for infrequent and outlier PSA values. Conclusion: the PSA half-life after definitive Rt has been reported to be approximately 1.6 months. Our analysis found the PSA half-life after SRt to be approximately twice that of patients treated with definitive Rt. these results provide useful information to radiation oncologists when counseling patients both before and after SRt regarding expectations about PSA measurements.

关键词： Prostate Salvage PSA PSA Kinetics

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脐带血移植治疗婴儿遗传性脑白质萎缩的研究

世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2005年第10期1卷 10-10页

作者： Escolar m.L. Poe m.D. Provenzale J.m. 张振 Center for the Study of Development and Learning University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Box 7255 Chapel Hill NC 27599-7255 United States Dr.

BACKGROUND: Infantile Krabbe’s disease produces progressive neurologic deteri oration and death in early childhood. We hypothesized that transplantation of um bilical-cord blood from unrelated donors before the development of symptoms wou ld favorably alter the natural history of the disease among newborns in whom the disease was diagnosed because of a family history. We compared the outcomes amo ng these newborns with the outcomes among infants who underwent transplantation after the development of symptoms and with the outcomes in an untreated cohort o f affected children. mEtHODS: Eleven asymptomatic newborns (age range, 12 to 44 days) and 14 symptomatic infants (age range, 142 to 352 days) with infantile Kra bbe’s disease underwent transplantation of umbilical-cord blood from unrelated donors after myeloablative chemotherapy. Engraftment, survival, and neurodevelo pmental function were evaluated longitudinally for four months to six years. RES ULtS: the rates of donor-cell engraftment and survival were 100 percent and 100 percent, respectively, among the asymptomatic newborns (median follow-up, 3.0 years) and 100 percent and 43 percent, respectively, among the symptomatic infan ts (median follow-up, 3.4 years). Surviving patients showed durable engraftment of donor-derived hematopoietic cells with restoration of normal blood galactoc erebrosidase levels. Infants who underwent transplantation before the developmen t of symptoms showed progressive central myelination and continued gains in deve lopmental skills, and most had age-appropriate cognitive function and receptive language skills, but a few had mild-to-moderate delays in expressive language and mild-to-severe delays in gross motor function. Children who underwent tra nsplantation after the onset of symptoms had minimal neurologic improvement. CON CLUSIONS: transplantation of umbilical-cord blood from unrelated donors in newb orns with infantile Krabbe’s disease favorably altered the natural history of t h

关键词：脑白质脐带血成骨髓细胞临床症状半乳糖脑苷脂神经系统发育临床征象无症状造血细胞认知功能

两例致死性中毒性白质脑病患者的临床、影像学和尸检表现

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2005年第10期1卷 33-33页

作者： Ryan A. molloy F.m. Farrell m.A. Hutchinson m. 周永 Department of Neurology St. Vincent’s University HospitalElm Park Dublin 4 Ireland Prof.

Background: toxic leukoencephalopathy has been described with inhalation and intravenous consumption of heroin and cocaine. the clinical picture varies widel y but the imaging and histological features are characteristic. magnetic resonan ce imaging (mRI) typically reveals diffuse bihemispheric white matter lesions. H istologically there is extensive spongiform degeneration of the cerebral white m atter. Objective: to report two cases of fatal toxin associated leukoencephalopa thy, along with detailed imaging and neuropathological studies. Results: mRI rev ealed diffuse white matter changes. Histologically there was widespread confluen t vacuolar degeneration of the deep white matter. In both cases, there was spari ng of the brain stem and cerebellar white matter. there was evidence of severe a nd extensive axonal injury. Conclusions: this pattern of radiological involvemen t and histological findings has not previously been reported and may reflect the presence of a yet unidentified impurity.

关键词：白质脑病影像学性中脑白质空泡变性神经病理学异质性磁共振成像

绿洲景观中居民地空间分布特征及其影响因子分析

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生态学报 2003年第10期23卷 2092-2100页

作者：角媛梅肖笃宁马明国中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冻土工程国家重点实验室兰州730000 云南师范大学旅游与地理科学学院昆明650092 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所兰州730000

以张掖绿洲居民地为研究对象 ,用景观格局分析软件 FRAGStAtS计算了 5个景观格局指标 ,用GIS计算了形状指数、景观类型空间邻接比例、最邻近指数、最近距离以及居民地的耕作半径 ,借鉴聚落地理学中的居民地分布研究方法 ,分析了居民地... 详细信息

以张掖绿洲居民地为研究对象 ,用景观格局分析软件 FRAGStAtS计算了 5个景观格局指标 ,用GIS计算了形状指数、景观类型空间邻接比例、最邻近指数、最近距离以及居民地的耕作半径 ,借鉴聚落地理学中的居民地分布研究方法 ,分析了居民地的空间格局特征及其影响因子。结果表明 :1耕地是张掖绿洲内的景观基质 ,居民地是绿洲内分布最广、斑块数最多的景观类型 ;居民地的平均斑块面积小、形状简单、聚集度高 ,与耕地的空间邻接长度和数目均最高 ,其空间分布类型存在空间差异 ;2耕地是影响居民地分布格局的重要因子。缓冲区分析方法可以从理论上确定居民地的耕作半径 ,耕作半径与居民地的空间分布类型紧密相关 ;3居民地到渠系的平均最临近距离为 2 1 5m,75.6%的居民地中有渠系穿过 ;4居民地分布受中心城市——张掖市的影响程度极其明显 ,两者呈指数相关 ;5景观格局分析、居民地分布研究方法和 GIS空间分析方法的有效结合 ,可以较好的反映居民地的空间分布特征及其影响因子的相关性 ;6借鉴聚落地理学的最近邻点指数具有明确的生态含义。

关键词：绿洲景观居民地空间格局影响因子张掖

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极早产儿童6岁时神经系统和发育性残疾

世界核心医学期刊文摘(妇产科学分册) 2005年第5期 6-6页

作者： marlow N,Wolke D ,Bracewell m.A ,Samara m ,宁亮 Academic Division of Child Health Queens medical Centre East Block Nottingham ng7 2UH United Kingdom Dr

BACKGROUND: Birth before 26 weeks of gestation is associated with a high preva lence of neurologic and developmental disabilities in the infant during the firs t two years of life. mEtHODS: We studied at the time of early school age childre n who had been born at 25 or fewer completed weeks of gestation in the United Ki ngdom and Ireland in 1995. Each child had been evaluated at 30 months of age. th e children underwent standardized cognitive and neurologic assessments at six ye ars of age. Disability was defined as severe (indicating dependence on caregiver s), moderate, or mild according to predetermined criteria. RESULtS: Of 308 survi ving children, 241 (78 percent) were assessed at a median age of six years and f our months; 160 classmates delivered at full term served as a comparison group. Although the use of test reference norms showed that cognitive impairment (defin ed as results more than 2 SD below the mean) was present in 21 percent of the ch ildren born extremely preterm (as compared with 1 percent in the standardized da ta), this value rose to 41 percent when the results were compared with those for their classmates. the rates of severe, moderate, and mild disability were 22 pe rcent, 24 percent, and 34 percent, respectively; disabling cerebral palsy was pr esent in 30 children (12 percent). Among children with severe disability at 30 m onths of age, 86 percent still had moderate-to-severe disability at 6 years of age. In contrast, other disabilities at the age of 30 months were poorly predic tive of developmental problems at 6 years of age. CONCLUSIONS: Among extremely p reterm children, cognitive and neurologic impairment is common at school age. A comparison with their classroom peers indicates a level of impairment that is gr eater than is recognized with the use of standardized norms.

关键词：神经系统发育性儿童

放疗前周围血淋巴细胞敏感性是骨盆放疗所致疾病的预示因素(英文)

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新乡医学院学报 2002年第6期19卷 445-455页

作者：李同光 Ron R.Allison Kevin F.O’Brien Roberta m.Johnke Karen I.Christie James L.Naves Ulf L.Karlsson Leo W.Jenkins癌症中心放射肿瘤科东卡罗来纳大学公共卫生学院生物统计中心

目的　探讨前列腺癌 (PC)治疗前体外照射诱导的Go淋巴细胞微核量是否与放疗 (xRt)相关疾病的发生有关。方法　对 3 8例PC周围血淋巴细胞 (PBL)以细胞因子阻止的微核法进行前瞻性观察。患者平均年龄 68.7± 1.0岁。临床分期 :t116例 ,t2... 详细信息

目的　探讨前列腺癌 (PC)治疗前体外照射诱导的Go淋巴细胞微核量是否与放疗 (xRt)相关疾病的发生有关。方法　对 3 8例PC周围血淋巴细胞 (PBL)以细胞因子阻止的微核法进行前瞻性观察。患者平均年龄 68.7± 1.0岁。临床分期 :t116例 ,t2 16例 ,t36例。治疗前前列腺癌特异性抗原 (PSA)≤ 4ng·ml-1者 5例 ,4～ 10ng·ml-1者 19例 ,>10ng·ml-1者 14例。所有患者均接受标准的骨盆外xRt(41.4～ 5 0 .4Gy) ,追加剂量 (16.4～ 2 6Gy)。平均随访 3 2 .8± 4.6个月。随访末 ,按RtOG标准对胃肠道 (GI)或泌尿生殖道 (GU)xRt相关疾病的发生率进行评定。结果　发生xRt相关疾病 2 4例为高敏 (HS) ,未发生者 14例为正常敏感性 (NS) ,HS患者均有GI(1～ 3级 )或GU(1～ 2级 )xRt相关疾病。体外照射暴露的血标本 ,与照射剂量相关的PBL微核量在HS和NS患者之间有显著差异 ,特别是当剂量≥ 3Gy时。xRt相关疾病的发生与治疗前PBL微核量相关 ,而与病情无关。

关键词：放疗周围血淋巴细胞微核剂量反应关系前列腺癌

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影响小病和轻伤儿童到小儿急诊科就诊的因素

世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2005年第10期1卷 20-20页

作者： Hendry S.J. Beattie t.F. Heaney D. 郭战宏 Emergency Department Bri stol Royal Hospital for Children Upper Maudlin Street Bristol BS2 8BJ United Kingdom Dr.

Aims: to gather information on children with minor illness or injury presentin g to a paediatric accident and emergency (A&E) department and the decision maki ng process leading to their attendance. methods: Prospective questionnaire based survey of 465 children selected by systematic sampling from A&E offenders allo cated to the lowest triage category. Results: the study population was statistic ally representative of the total population of A&E offenders. the lower depriva tion categories were over represented. Educational attainment, childcare experie nce, and parental coping skills were important in relation to A&E attendance. m ore children attended with injury as opposed to illness. there were no significa nt demographic differences between those children who presented directly to A&E and those who made prior contact with a GP. Just under half the study populatio n had made contact with a general practitioner (GP) before attending A&E. the m ajority of those children were directly referred to A&E at that point. GPs refe rred equivalent numbers of children with illness and injury. Conclusions: Parent s and GPs view paediatric A&E departments as an appropriate place to seek treat ment for children with minor illness or injury.

关键词：急诊科研究人群儿童数人口统计学全科医师系统抽样法决策过程