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Impact of COVID-19-related lifestyle changes on diabetic macular edema

International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第1期17卷 97-106页

作者： Bryce P.johnson Yu-Guang He Zachary M.Robertson Angeline Wang Rafael L.Ufret-Vincenty Department of Ophthalmology UT Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTexas 75390-9057USA

AIM:To assess diabetic macular edema(DME)progression during the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic,when severe societal restrictions raised the concern of possible deterioration of health in patients with systemic conditions,particularly those requiring frequent office ***:This is a multicenter retrospective chart review of 370 patients(724 eyes)with an established diagnosis of DME seen on 3 separate visits between January 2019 and July *** 1 was January 2019 to February 2020(considered pre-COVID-19),period 2 was March 2020 to December 2020(considered the height of the pandemic;highest level of pandemic-related clinical and societal regulations)and period 3 was January 2021 to July 2021(re-adjustment to the new“pandemic norms”).Main outcome measures included visual acuity,body mass index(BMI),blood pressure(BP),hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c),macular thickness,patient adherence to scheduled ophthalmology visits,and DME treatment(s)received at each *** facilitate measurement of macular thickness,each macula was divided into 9 Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study(ETDRS)-defined macular sectors as measured by OCT ***:There was no change of BMI,systolic BP,and diastolic BP between any of the time ***1c showed a very small increase from period 1(7.6%)to period 2(7.8%,P=0.015)and decreased back to 7.6%at period 3(P=0.12).Macular thickness decreased for 100%of macular *** central macular thickness decreased across all 3 periods from 329.5 to 316.6μm(P=0.0045).After analysis of multiple variables including HbA1c,BMI,adherence to scheduled appointments,different clinic centers,and treatment interventions,there was no easily identifiable subgroup of patients that experienced the increase in ***:DME doesn’t worsen during the COVID-19 pandemic,instead sustaining a very small but statistically significant *** identifying a mechanism behind our findings is beyond the scope of this study,potential explanat

关键词： COVID-19 diabetic macular edema diabetic retinopathy optical coherence tomography

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An Ethical Framework for the Use of AI by Revenue Authorities

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Belt and Road Initiative Tax Journal 2024年第1期 41-51页

作者： Grant Wardell-johnson Conrad Turley KPMG

The use of Al may give rise to substantial benefits but also significant risks for revenue *** paper provides a brief outline of the perceived strengths and weaknesses of Al and potential use of Al in tax *** include the use of Al in risk assessment such as the selection of taxpayers for review or audit,the detection of fraud,nearest neighbour guidance,predictive analysis,anticipating changes in behaviours,improving revenue authorities' internal efficiency including transfer pricing benchmarking,and providing support and guidance to taxpayers through *** authorities are strong candidates for the use of Al given that data is central to what they *** paper postulates more than 20principles which could form the basis of an ethical framework for revenue authorities including policies on transparency,communication,traceability,explainability,human supervision,processes for the rectification of errors,data protection,privacy and *** believe that the adoption of these policies will reduce risks to revenue authorities and build trust in tax *** also believe that sharing best practices amongst revenue authorities should be a clear BRITACOM initiative consistent with its aims and objectives.

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Liver surface depressions in the presence of diaphragmatic muscular bands on trans-illumination

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2024年第2期14卷 5-10页

作者： Shamir O Cawich Michael T Gardner Ramanand Shetty Jean Pierre Louboutin Zenica Dabichan Shaneeta johnson Department of Surgery University of the West IndiesSt AugustineTrinidad and Tobago Section of Anatomy Department of Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of the West IndiesKingston KIN7Jamaica Department of Surgery Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGA 30310United States

Traditional descriptions of liver anatomy refer to a smooth,convex surface contacting the *** depressions are recognized anatomic *** are many theories to explain the cause of the *** discuss the theory that these are... 详细信息

关键词： Liver Anatomy Depressions Fissure Groove Sulcus Variant

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A 63-Year-Old Male with D-Transposition of the Great Arteries Who Had an Early Form of the Arterial Switch Operation

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Congenital Heart Disease 2024年第1期19卷 65-68页

作者： Michael A.Rebolledo Jane S.Yao Jason N.johnson Umar S.Boston Benjamin R.Waller III Division of Pediatric Cardiology Department of PediatricsThe University of Tennessee Health Science CenterThe Heart InstituteLe Bonheur Children’s HospitalMemphisUSA College of Medicine The University of Tennessee Health ScienceMemphisUSA Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery Department of SurgeryThe University of Tennessee Health Science CenterHeart InstituteLe Bonheur Children’s HospitalMemphisUSA

We describe a 63-year-old male who appears to have undergone an early form of the arterial switch operation for D-transposition of the great arteries performed in the *** review the clinical and imaging data that support our *** had a diagnostic cardiac catheterization which demonstrated severe pulmonary hypertension responsive to epoprostenol and *** case may represent one example of the experimental surgical work done prior to *** Jatene’s description of theﬁrst successful arterial switch performed in 1975.

关键词： Adult congenital heart disease arterial switch operation great vessel anomaly imaging(all modalities)

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Hepatic grooves:An observational study at laparoscopic surgery

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2024年第2期14卷 97-102页

作者： Shamir O Cawich Dexter A Thomas Fawwaz Mohammed Michael T Gardner Marlene Craigie Shaneeta johnson Ramnanand S Kedambady Department of Surgery University of the West IndiesSt Augustine 000000Trinidad and Tobago Department of Surgery Port of Spain General HospitalPort of Spain 000000Trinidad and Tobago Section of Anatomy Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of the West IndiesKingston 000000Jamaica Department of Radiology University of the West IndiesKingston 000000Jamaica Department of Surgery Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGA 30310United States Section of Anatomy Department of Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of the West IndiesKingston KIN7Jamaica

BACKGROUND In traditional descriptions,the upper surface of the liver is smooth and convex,but deep depressions are variants that are present in 5%-40%of *** sought to determine the relationship between surface depressions and the *** To use exploratory laparoscopy to determine the relationship between surface depressions and the *** An observational study was performed in all patients undergoing laparoscopic upper gastro-intestinal operations between January 1,2023 and January 20,2024.A thirty-degree laparoscope was used to inspect the liver and *** surface depressions were present,we recorded patient demographics,presence of diaphragmatic bands,rib protrusions and/or any other source of compression during *** Of 394 patients,343 had normal surface anatomy,and 51(12.9%)had prominent surface depressions on the *** was no significant relationship between the presence of surface depressions and gender nor the presence of rib ***,there was significant association between the presence of surface depressions and diaphragmatic muscular bands(P<0.001).CONCLUSION With these data,the diaphragmatic-band theory has gained increased importance over other theories for surface *** studies are warranted using cross sectional imaging to confirm relationships with intersectional planes as well as beta-catenin assays in the affected liver parenchyma.

关键词： Liver Variant Vein Hepatic Surgery

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How University Athletics Can Impact Mental Health among Student Athletes at the University of Evansville

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Health 2024年第3期16卷 218-233页

作者： Claudia Hollis Blake johnson Salma Gonzalez Sarah Harness College of Education and Health Sciences University of Evansville Evansville USA

In recent years, the NCAA student athlete population in the United States has surpassed 500,000, and is continuing to rise each year [1]. These student athletes work their entire lives academically and athletically to reach the ultimate goal: competing in university athletics. However, when these athletes reach university, they are met with non-stop training, homework, exams, and evolving social lives. We have conducted a study at the University of Evansville evaluating how participation in university athletics may impact mental health status among these student athletes, as well as measuring players’ awareness of accessible mental health resources. Over fifty percent of participants reported experiencing at least one mental health condition while competing in their sport;eighty percent reported having knowledge of the mental health resources available to them on campus, however, nearly thirty percent of those knowledgeable reported not knowing how to access these resources. This has indicated a gap in awareness and utilization of mental health resources among student athletes at the University of Evansville.

关键词： Student Athlete Mental Health Mental Health Resources

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铝电解槽不同铝水平高度电热场模拟对比

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有色金属工程 2024年

作者：于帅康邓胜祥 johnson Yap 上海工程技术大学机械与汽车工程学院能源与动力工程系上海工程技术大学新能源及节能新技术国际实验室 SCORE EPCC SDN BHD

铝水平高度是铝电解过程中的重要指标，合适的铝水平可保持良好的槽内物理场使电解槽稳定生产。因此，找到合适的铝水平高度对电解槽良好工作至关重要。利用SOLIDWORKS建模软件绘制了四组350kA不同铝水平电解槽，通过COMSOL仿真软件分... 详细信息

铝水平高度是铝电解过程中的重要指标，合适的铝水平可保持良好的槽内物理场使电解槽稳定生产。因此，找到合适的铝水平高度对电解槽良好工作至关重要。利用SOLIDWORKS建模软件绘制了四组350kA不同铝水平电解槽，通过COMSOL仿真软件分别对四组不同铝水平电解槽电场及热场进行模拟并对比某厂350kA电解槽现场测试数据，验证了模拟准确性。发现随着铝水平的不断升高，电解槽内电势、电流密度及整体温度均呈下降趋势。通过电场热场对比，认为350kA电解槽铝水平位于20～22cm区间为最优，压降为3630～3810mV，槽内高温约为950℃。

关键词：铝电解槽铝水平电场热场仿真模拟

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Rescue from complications after pancreaticoduodenectomies at a low-volume Caribbean center:Value of tailored peri-pancreatectomy protocols

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第3期16卷 681-688页

作者： Shamir O Cawich Elijah Dixon Parul J Shukla Shailesh V Shrikhande Rahul R Deshpande Fawwaz Mohammed Neil W Pearce Wesley Francis Shaneeta johnson Johann Bujhawan Department of Surgery University of the West IndiesSt Augustine 000000Trinidad and Tobago Department of Surgery Faculty of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlberta T2N2T9Canada Department of Surgery Weill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNY 10065United States Department of Surgical Oncology Tata Memorial CenterHomi Bhabha National UniversityMumbai 400012India Department of Surgery Manchester Royal InfirmaryManchester M139WLUnited Kingdom University Surgical Unit Southampton General HospitalSouthampton SO166YDUnited Kingdom Department of Surgery University of the West IndiesNassau N-1184Bahamas Department of Surgery Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGA 30310United States Department of Surgery General Hospital in Port of SpainPort of Spain 000000Trinidad and Tobago

BACKGROUND Pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD)is a technically complex operation,with a re-latively high risk for *** ability to rescue patients from post-PD complications is as a recognized quality *** protocols were instituted at our low volume facility in the year *** To document the rate of rescue from post-PD complications with tailored protocols in place as a measure of *** A retrospective audit was performed to collect data from patients who experienced major post-PD complications at a low volume pancreatic surgery unit in Trinidad and Tobago between January 1,2013 and June 30,***-dardized definitions from the International Study Group of Pancreatic Surgery were used to define post-PD complications,and the modified Clavien-Dindo classification was used to classify post-PD *** Over the study period,113 patients at a mean age of 57.5 years(standard deviation[SD]±9.23;range:30-90;median:56)underwent PDs at this *** complications were recorded in 33(29.2%)patients at a mean age of 53.8 years(SD:±7.9).Twenty-nine(87.9%)patients who experienced major morbidity were salvaged after aggre-ssive treatment of their ***(3.5%)died from bleeding pseudoaneurysm(1),septic shock secondary to a bile leak(1),anastomotic leak(1),and myocardial infarction(1).There was a significantly greater salvage rate in patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists scores≤2(93.3%vs 25%;P=0.0024).CONCLUSION This paper adds to the growing body of evidence that volume alone should not be used as a marker of quality for patients requiring *** low volumes at our facility,we demonstrated that 87.9%of patients were rescued from major *** attributed this to several factors including development of rescue protocols,the competence of the pancreatic surgery teams and continuous,and adaptive learning by the entire institution,cul-minating in the development of tailored peri-pancreatectomy protoc

关键词： Pancreas Complication Rescue Failure Morbidity Mortality Pancreaticoduodenectomy

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Increased Mortality Risk in Children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: A Scoping Review

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期14卷 754-766页

作者： Devin Evavold Tyler Mueller Erika johnson Marilyn G. Klug Larry Burd School of Medicine and Health Sciences University of North Dakota Grand Forks USA

Objective: Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASDs) are common, often undiagnosed, lifelong developmental disorders that result from prenatal alcohol exposure. FASD is present at birth and typically identified around seven years of age. The most severe outcome in cases of FASD is mortality. The purpose of this scoping review is to 1) use a systematic review to provide an estimated mortality proportion for children with FASD, and 2) update a study published in 2014 by reviewing published reports of mortality in individuals diagnosed with FASD. Method: A search of PubMed, CINAHL, and Google Scholar for reports published between 2013 and 2023 on mortality in individuals with FASD. Results: Three population-based studies have reported on all-cause mortality rates, finding a combined mortality rate of 10.9%, a 2.63 fold (95% CI: 2.61 to 2.65) increase in mortality risk over the general population. Since 2016, this review identified only eight new cases meeting the study inclusion criteria. The reported causes of death were five cases of pneumonia, and one case each of failure to thrive and dehydration, intestinal dilatation and asphyxiation caused by overeating due to pica, and acute gastric volvulus. Discussion: While current research suggests a diagnosis of FASD is associated with a 2.6-fold increase in mortality risk, this is likely an underestimation, as most cases of FASD-related mortality go unreported. Globally, about 1 new case is reported every 15 months. However, in the United States alone, between 1752 to 4400 FASD related deaths occur annually. Our review suggests that FASD is rarely identified as a causal or contributing factor in deaths of children and adolescents, resulting in a substantial undercount of FASD-related deaths. Increased attention to the role of FASD in infant and child mortality case reviews, child death review committee reports, and mortality reviews is needed.

关键词： Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Mortality Birth Defects Death Exposure Pneumonia

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Photoionisation detection of a single Er3+ ion with sub-100-ns time resolution

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 38-45页

作者： Yangbo Zhang Wenda Fan Jiliang Yang Hao Guan Qi Zhang Xi Qin Changkui Duan Gabriele G.de Boo Brett C.johnson Jeffrey C.Mc Callum Matthew J.Sellars Sven Rogge Chunming Yin Jiangfeng Du CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance and School of Physical Sciences University of Science and Technology of China CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology School of Physics University of New South Wales Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology School of Engineering RMIT University Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology School of Physics University of Melbourne Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology Research School of Physics and Engineering Australian National University

Efficient detection of single optical centres in solids is essential for quantum information processing, sensing and single-photon generation *** this work,we use radio-frequency（RF） reflectometry to electrically detect the photoionisation induced by a single Er3+ion in *** high bandwidth and sensitivity of the RF reflectometry provide sub-100-ns time resolution for the photoionisation *** this technique,the optically excited state lifetime of a single Er3+ion in a Si nano-transistor is measured for the first time to be 0.49±0.04μ*** results demonstrate an efficient approach for detecting a charge state change induced by Er excitation and *** approach could be used for fast readout of other single optical centres in solids and is attractive for large-scale integrated optical quantum systems thanks to the multi-channel RF reflectometry demonstrated with frequency multiplexing techniques.

关键词： single optical centres erbium ions RF reflectometry photoionisation detection

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