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siRNA targeting Livin decreases tumor in a xenograft model for colon cancer

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第20期17卷 2563-2571页

作者： bo-young oh Ryung-Ah Lee Kwang Ho Kim Department of Surgery Ewha Womans University School of Medicine

AIM： To evaluate the effect of silencing Livin gene expression with siRNA to apoptosis and proliferation in a colon cancer cell line. METHODS： To investigate the anticancer effect of silencing Livin gene expression, we established an siRNA transfected cell line using the HCT116 colon cancer cell line. After confirming the successful transfection, MTT assay, flow cytometry and annexin V staining were em- ployed to evaluate the antiapoptotic effect. To confirm the in vivo effect of Livin-siRNA, different doses of LivinsiRNA were injected into xenografted tumors in BALB/c nude mice model. RESULTS： Livin expression was dramatically decreased after siRNA transfection, especially at 25 umol/L of siRNA, but this suppression was not dose-dependent. The cell count at 18 h after transfection was significantly reduced as compared with controls （P 〈 0.01）, but tended not to decrease proportionally depending on transfected dose or time. MTT assay revealed that silencing the Livin gene suppressed cellular proliferation at 18 h after transfection （P = 0.04）; however, the inhibitory effect disappeared thereafter. Also, there was no significant difference in cellular proliferation depending on siRNA dose. The rate of apoptosis also increased with silencing of the Livin gene. In vivo, the tumor size significantly decreased after Livin- siRNA injection at 20 umol/L concentration （P = 0.03）. There were no significant body weight changes of mice after siRNA injection. Histologic examination revealed no significant toxic reaction in kidney, liver and brain of mice. CONCLUSION： siRNA-mediated downregulation of Livin expression can induce apoptosis in colon cancer in vitro and in vivo, which suggests the possibility of new cancer therapeutics using siRNA.

关键词： siRNA Livin Inhibitor of apoptosis Coloncancer

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Environmentally adaptive reshaping of plant photomorphogenesis by karrikin and strigolactone signaling

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第5期66卷 865-882页

作者： young-Joon Park bo Eun Nam Chung-Mo Park Department of Smart Farm Science Kyung Hee UniversityYongin 17104Korea Departmentof Biological Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Department of Chemistry Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea

Coordinated morphogenic adaptation of growing plants is critical for their survival and propagation under fluctuating *** morphogenic responses to light and warm temperatures,termed photomorphogenesis and thermomorphogenesis,respectively,have been extensively studied in recent *** photomorphogenesis,plants actively reshape their growth and developmental patterns to cope with changes in light ***,photomorphogenesis is closely associated with diverse growth hormonal ***,accumulating evidence indicates that light-directed morphogenesis is profoundly affected by two recently identified phytochemicals,karrikins(KARs)and strigolactones(SLs).KARs and SLs are structurally related butenolides acting as signaling molecules during a variety of developmental steps,including seed *** receptors and signaling mediators have been identified,and associated working mechanisms have been explored using gene-deficient mutants in various plant *** particular interest is that the KAR and SL signaling pathways play important roles in environmental responses,among which their linkages with photomorphogenesis are most comprehensively studied during seedling *** this review,we focus on how the phytochemical and light signals converge on the optimization of morphogenic *** also discuss molecular mechanisms underlying the signaling crosstalks with an aim of developing potential ways to improve crop productivity under climate changes.

关键词： karrikins morphogenic adaptation photomorphogenesis seedling establishment strigolactones

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Transparent high-performance piezoceramics through pressureless sintering

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第5期13卷 561-567页

作者： Hye-Lim Yu Woo-Seok Kang Ju-Hyeon Lee Temesgen Tadeyos Zate young-Jin Lee bo-Kun Koo Dong-Jin Shin Min-Soo Kim Soon-Jong Jeong young Ghyu Ahn Wook Jo Department of Material Science and Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and TechnologyUlsan 44919Republic of Korea Energy Conversion Research Center Korea Electrotechnology Research InstituteChangwon 51543Republic of Korea MLCC Development Team Component Biz.UnitSamsung Electro-Mechanics Co.Ltd.Suwon 16674Republic of Korea

Piezoelectricity offers an electromechanical coupling that is widely utilized in transducer *** has been a consistent demand for transparent piezoelectric materials for optoelectrical ***,despite the inherent tradeoff between the transparency and the piezoelectricity,numerous strategies have been explored to develop the transparent piezoelectric ***,the most transparent piezoelectric materials developed to date is either a single crystal or materials that achieve transparency via hot-press sintering,limiting its industrial ***,we introduce a novel piezoelectric material that ensures transparency through co-doping and pressureless sintering of polycrystalline *** this study,we employed a compositional optimization approach to enhance the synergistic effect between the transparency and the piezoelectric properties of 0.71Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)–0.29PbTiO_(3)(PMN–0.29PT)*** utilizing the tape casting process for mass production and large-area manufacturing,our Pb_(0.913)La_(0.0145)Sm_(0.0145)(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))_(0.71)Ti_(0.29)O_(3)(TP2.9)ceramics exhibited over 60%transparency and large piezoelectric coefficient(d33)of 1104 pC/*** material holds considerable promise for a wide range of industrial applications in both the optical and electronic domains.

关键词： piezoelectric ceramics transparency pressureless sintering co-doping tape casting

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Observations on spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking and the mass gap of QCD in finite volume

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第9期76卷 42-47页

作者： Xiaolan Meng bolun Hu Yi-bo Yang University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physical SciencesBeijing 100049China CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUCASHangzhou 310024China International Centre for Theoretical Physics Asia-Pacific Beijing/HangzhouChina

We present a lattice quantum chromodynamics(QCD)simulation with 2+1+1 flavor full QCD ensembles using near-physical quark masses and different spatial sizes L,at a~0.055 *** results show that the scalar and pesudoscalar 2-point correlator with a valence pion mass of approximately 230 MeV become degenerated at L≤1.0 fm,and such an observation suggests that the spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking disappears effectively at this *** the same time,the mass gap between the nucleon and pion masses remains larger thanΛQCDin the entire L∈[0.2,0.7]fm range.

关键词： lattice QCD chiral symmetry breaking confinement

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Constructing the metabolic network of wheat kernels based on structure-guided chemical modification and multi-omics data

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第7期51卷 714-722页

作者： Zhitao Tian Jingqi Jia bo Yin Wei Chen National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research(Wuhan) Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China Hubei Hongshan Laboratory WuhanHubei 430070China

Metabolic network construction plays a pivotal role in unraveling the regulatory mechanism of biological activities,although it often proves to be challenging and labor-intensive,particularly with non-model *** this study,we develop a computational approach that employs reaction models based on the structure-guided chemical modification and related compounds to construct a metabolic network in *** construction results in a comprehensive structure-guided network,including 625 identified metabolites and additional 333 putative reactions compared with the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes *** a combination of gene annotation,reaction classification,structure similarity,and correlations from transcriptome and metabolome analysis,a total of 229 potential genes related to these reactions are identified within this *** validate the network,the functionality of a hydroxycinnamoyltransferase(TraesCS3D01G314900)for the synthesis of polyphenols and a rhamnosyltransferase(TraesCS2D01G078700)for the modification of flavonoids are verified through in vitro enzymatic studies and wheat mutant tests,*** research thus supports the utility of structure-guided chemical modification as an effective tool in identifying causal candidate genes for constructing metabolic networks and further in metabolomic genetic studies.

关键词： Metabolic network Chemical modification Genetic study Wheat kernel Multi-omics

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Pressure-responsive pH-triggered layer-by-layer coating of paclitaxel-eluting balloon catheters for instant high-dose drug delivery for percutaneous coronary artery intervention

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Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 9141-9151页

作者： Jeong Yu Lee Shonit Nair Sharma Sung-Yu Hong young-Guk Ko Yangsoo Jang Minjae Do Michael Christopher Stark Qiwen Peng Benjamin Allen Mossburg bo Chan Seo Yuhan Lee Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyDaejeon 305-701Republic of Korea Department of Anesthesiology Perioperativeand Pain MedicineCenter for Accelerated Medical Innovation&Center for NanomedicineBrigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA Cardiovascular Product Evaluation Center Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 120-752Republic of Korea Division of Cardiology Department of Internal MedicineSeverance Cardiovascular HospitalYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 120-752Republic of Korea

Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of mortality worldwide,with percutaneous coronary interventions(PCI)using drug-eluting stents(DES)as the standard treatment for coronary artery *** advancements in DES technology,challenges such as restenosis and stent thrombosis still necessitate further interventions and carry considerable risks,highlighting an urgent need for a novel therapeutic approach with lower restenosis rates and reduced reintervention *** balloons(DEBs)coated with anti-proliferative agents offer a novel method of local drug delivery for reducing restenosis by directly administering drugs to the lesion ***,efficient delivery of drugs within the brief procedural window while minimizing drug loss during maneuvering to the target site remains a ***,we developed a pressure-responsive and pH-triggered,paclitaxel(PTX)coated DEB catheter for rapid and high-dose delivery of paclitaxel to the lesion sites,overcoming the limitations of drug dispersion and inefficiencies associated with conventional *** the charge reversion of albumin around its isoelectric point,paclitaxel-loaded human serum albumin nanoparticles(PTX-HSA-NPs)and heparin were coated using a layer-by-layer deposition method at pH *** exposure to physiological pH(i.e.,7.4),the coating is rapidly released from the balloon *** with a protective shellac coating,the DEB achieved controlled release of high-dose paclitaxel to the arterial tissue in vivo(up to 400μg per gram tissue),exceeding current DEBs in the *** results suggest the pH-responsive,multi-layer coated DEB’s potential for superior procedural outcomes,addressing a critical unmet need in PCI.

关键词： drug-eluting balloon layer-by-layer coating coronary artery disease paclitaxel

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Ru-doped functional porous materials for electrocatalytic water splitting

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 982-1002页

作者： Chongao Tian Rui Liu Yu Zhang Wenxiu Yang bo Wang Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Advanced Technology Research Institute(Jinan)Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary ScienceSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing Institute of Technology Library Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

Electrolytic water splitting(EWS)is an attractive and promising technique for the production of hydrogen ***,the sluggish kinetic rate of hydrogen/oxygen evolution reactions leads to a high overpotential and low energy *** to date,Pt/Ir-based nanocatalysts have become the state-of-the-art EWS catalysts,but disadvantages such as high cost and low earth abundance greatly limit their applications in EWS *** an attractive candidate for the Pt/Ir catalysts,series of Ru-based nanomaterials have aroused much attention for their low price,Pt-like hydrogen bond strength,and high EWS *** particular,Ru-doped functional porous materials have been becoming one of the most representative EWS catalysts,which can not only achieve the dispersion and adjustment for active Ru sites,but also simultaneously solve the problems of mass transfer and catalytic conversion in *** this review,the design and preparation strategies of Ru-doped functional porous materials toward EWS in recent years are summarized,including Ru-doped metal organic frameworks(MOFs),Ru-doped porous organic polymers(POPs),and their ***,detailed structure–activity relationships induced by the tuned geometric/electronic structures of Ru-doped functional porous materials are further depicted in this *** but not least,the challenges and perspectives of Ru-doped functional porous materials catalysts are reasonably proposed to provide fresh ideas for the design of Ru-based EWS catalysts.

关键词： Ru-based catalyst functional porous materials electrolytic water splitting oxygen evolution reaction hydrogen evolution reaction

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Trace element compositions of pyrite and stibnite:implications for the genesis of antimony mineralization in the Yangla Cu skarn deposit,Northwestern Yunnan,China

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第3期43卷 535-554页

作者： Ping Pan Xinfu Wang bo Li Guo Tang Zuopeng Xiang Faculty of Land and Resource Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China Kunming Metallurgy College Kunming 650033China School of Earth Science Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China Kunming Prospecting Design Institute of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Co. LtdKunming 650051China

The Yangla Cu skarn deposit is located in the central part of the Jinshajiang Suture Zone,southwest China,with a total reserve of 150 Mt Cu@1.03%.The newly discovered antimony orebodies at the depth of Yangla are strictly controlled by the stratum,structure,and lithology,which are lenticular and vein-like within the marble fracture zone,which can provide a window into multistage miner-alization and ore genesis at *** can be divided into three types,Cu–Pb–Zn(skarn)pyrite,galena,and sphalerite,Cu(porphyry)chalcopyrite and pyrite,and Sb(hydrothermal)stibnite and *** mineral assem-blages were stibnite+pyrite+calcite+quartz±minor scheelite in antimony *** study presents quantitative measurements of the trace element compositions of pyrite and stibnite from the Yangla antimony *** of pyrite with electron probe microanalysis(EPMA)showed enrichment in Co,Ni,Sb,As,and Mo,and deficit in its S and Fe contents when compared to the stoichiometric con-centrations of S and Fe in *** Sb-related pyrite may belong to sedimentary-reworked genesis and may be modi-fied by hydrothermalfluids,thereby presenting a certain dif-ference(i.e.,crystal morphology,texture,and chemical com-position)compared to the skarn and porphyry Cu-related pyrite in the Yangla Cu skarn *** of stibnite with EPMA and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrom-etry showed enrichment in As,Pb,Sn,Pb,Cu,and Zn,and presented much higher Sb contents and slightly lower S con-tents when compared to the stoichiometric concentrations of Sb and S in *** analysis of the stibnite trace elements showed correlations for the elemental pairs Cu–Pb,As–Sb,and Sn–Pb,and the coupled substitution equations Sb^(3+)↔Cu^(+)+Pb^(2+),Sb^(3+)↔As^(3+),and Sn^(2+)↔Pb^(2+)may be the major factors governed the incorporating Cu,Pb,As and Sn within the ***,this study preliminary shows that the antimony mineralization may belong to a car-bonate replacement h

关键词： Trace elements Pyrite Stibnite Substitution mechanisms Antimony mineralization Yangla Cu skarn deposit

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Synergistic strengthening mechanism of Ca^(2+)-sodium silicate to selective separation of feldspar and quartz

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第9期31卷 1985-1995页

作者： bo Lin Jingzhong Kuang Yiqiang Yang Zheyu Huang Delong Yang Mingming Yu School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou 341000China Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining Engineering Ganzhou 341000China

Inhibitors are important for flotation separation of quartz and *** this study,a novel combined inhibitor was used to separate quartz and feldspar in near-neutral *** inhibition of the combined inhibitor was assessed by micro-flotation *** a series of detection methods were used to detect differences in the surface properties of feldspars and quartz after flotation reagents and put forward the synergistic strengthening *** outcomes were pointed out that pre-mixing combined inhibitors were more effective than the addition of Ca^(2+)and SS in sequence under the optimal proportion of 1:5.A concentrate from artificial mixed minerals that was characterized by a high quartz grade and a high recovery was acquired,and was found to be 90.70wt% and 83.70%,*** was demonstrated that the combined inhibitor selectively prevented the action of the collector and feldspar from Fourier-transform infrared(FT-IR)and adsorption capacity *** results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)indicated that Ca^(2+)directly interacts with the surface of quartz to increase the adsorption of *** contrast,the chemistry property of Al on the feldspar surface was altered by combined inhibitor due to Na^(+)and Ca^(2+)taking the place of K^(+),resulting in the composite inhibitor forms a hydrophilic structure,which prevents the adsorption of the collector on the surface of feldspar by interacting with the Al active *** combination of Ca^(2+)and SS synergically strengthens the difference of collecting property between quartz and feldspar by collector,thus achieving the effect of efficient separation.A new strategy for flotation to separate quartz from feldspar in near-neutral pulp was provided.

关键词： feldspar quartz Ca^(2+)-sodium silicate selective adsorption flotation separation

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Experimental investigation of dynamic characteristics of leaching tubing for solution mining of salt cavern carbon and energy storage

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Petroleum Science 2024年第4期21卷 2703-2722页

作者： Yin-Ping Li Xin-bo Ge Xi-Lin Shi Hong-Ling Ma State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Energy and Mining Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control Co-founded by Shandong Province and the Ministry of Science and Technology Shandong University of Science and Technology

Salt caverns are extensively utilized for storing various substances such as fossil energy, hydrogen,compressed air, nuclear waste, and industrial solid waste. In China, when the salt cavern is leached through single-well water solution mining with oil as a cushion, engineering challenges arise with the leaching tubing, leading to issues like damage and instability. These problems significantly hinder the progress of cavern construction and the control of cavern shape. The primary cause of this is the flowinduced vibration instability of leaching tubing within a confined space, which results in severe bending or damage to the tubing. This study presents a model experimental investigation on the dynamic characteristics of leaching tubing using a self-developed liquid-solid coupling physical model experiment apparatus. The experiment utilizes a silicone-rubber pipe(SRP) and a polycarbonate pipe(PCP) to examine the effects of various factors on the dynamic stability of cantilevered pipes conveying fluid. These factors include external space constraint, flexural rigidity, medium outside the pipe, overhanging length, and end conditions. The experiments reveal four dynamic response phenomena: water hammer, static buckling, chaotic motion, and flutter instability. The study further demonstrates that the length of the external space constraint has a direct impact on the flutter critical flow velocity of the cantilevered pipe conveying fluid. Additionally, the flutter critical flow velocity is influenced by the end conditions and different external media.

关键词： Salt cavern storage Solution mining Leaching tubing Experimental investigation Flutter instability

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