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Deciphering the cellular heterogeneity of the insect brainwith single-cell RNA sequencing

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Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 314-327页

作者： Xiaofei Wang Yifan Zhai hao zheng Institute of Plant Protection Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinanChina College of Food Science and Nutritional En-gineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects Ministry of Agriculture and RuralAffairsJinanChina Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center on Biocontrol of Crops Diseases and In-sectPests JinanChina

Insects show highly complicated adaptive and sophisticated behaviors, includ-ing spatial orientation skills, learning ability, and social interaction. These behaviors arecontrolled by the insect brain, the central part of the nervous system. The tiny insect brainconsists of millions of highly differentiated and interconnected cells forming a complexnetwork. Decades of research has gone into an understanding of which parts of the insectbrain possess particular behaviors, but exactly how they modulate these functional conse-quences needs to be clarified. Detailed description of the brain and behavior is required todecipher the complexity of cell types, as well as their connectivity and function. Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) has emerged recently as a breakthrough technologyto understand the transcriptome at cellular resolution. With scRNA-seq, it is possible touncover the cellular heterogeneity of brain cells and elucidate their specific functions andstate. In this review, we first review the basic structure of insect brains and the links toinsect behaviors mainly focusing on learning and memory. Then the scRNA applicationson insect brains are introduced by representative studies. Single-cell RNA-seq has allowedresearchers to classify cell subpopulations within different insect brain regions, pinpointsingle-cell developmental trajectories, and identify gene regulatory networks. These devel-opments empower the advances in neuroscience and shed light on the intricate problemsin understanding insect brain functions and behaviors.

关键词： behavior brain cell type insect single-cell RNA sequencing

A review of reservoir damage during hydraulic fracturing of deep and ultra-deep reservoirs

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 384-409页

作者： Kun Zhang Xiong-Fei Liu Dao-Bing Wang bo zheng Tun-hao Chen Qing Wang hao Bai Er-Dong Yao Fu-Jian Zhou National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering China University of Petroleum-BeijingBeijing102249China School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of Petrochemical TechnologyBeijing102617China Tuha Downhole Operation Company CNPC Xibu Drilling Engineering Company LimitedShanshan838200XinjiangChina

Deep and ultra-deep reservoirs have gradually become the primary focus of hydrocarbon exploration as a result of a series of significant discoveries in deep hydrocarbon exploration worldwide.These reservoirs present unique challenges due to their deep burial depth(4500-8882 m),low matrix permeability,complex crustal stress conditions,high temperature and pressure(HTHP,150-200℃,105-155 MPa),coupled with high salinity of formation water.Consequently,the costs associated with their exploitation and development are exceptionally high.In deep and ultra-deep reservoirs,hydraulic fracturing is commonly used to achieve high and stable production.During hydraulic fracturing,a substantial volume of fluid is injected into the reservoir.However,statistical analysis reveals that the flowback rate is typically less than 30%,leaving the majority of the fluid trapped within the reservoir.Therefore,hydraulic fracturing in deep reservoirs not only enhances the reservoir permeability by creating artificial fractures but also damages reservoirs due to the fracturing fluids involved.The challenging“three-high”environment of a deep reservoir,characterized by high temperature,high pressure,and high salinity,exacerbates conventional forms of damage,including water sensitivity,retention of fracturing fluids,rock creep,and proppant breakage.In addition,specific damage mechanisms come into play,such as fracturing fluid decomposition at elevated temperatures and proppant diagenetic reactions at HTHP conditions.Presently,the foremost concern in deep oil and gas development lies in effectively assessing the damage inflicted on these reservoirs by hydraulic fracturing,comprehending the underlying mechanisms,and selecting appropriate solutions.It's noteworthy that the majority of existing studies on reservoir damage primarily focus on conventional reservoirs,with limited attention given to deep reservoirs and a lack of systematic summaries.In light of this,our approach entails initially summarizing the current knowledge pertaining to the types

关键词： Artificial fracture Deep and ultra-deep reservoir Fracture conductivity Fracturing fluid Hydraulic fracturing Reservoir damage

Black hole evaporation and its remnants with the generalized uncertainty principle including a linear term

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第2期76卷 125-136页

作者： bo Yu zheng-wen Long College of Physics Guizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China

In recent years,researchers have investigated the evaporation of Schwarzschild black holes using various forms of the generalized uncertainty principle(GUP),metric quantum correction,and noncommutative geometry,respectively.However,there are differences between the GUP correction and the other two methods in terms of describing the later stages of black hole evaporation.Furthermore,some studies argue that the GUP with a negative parameter cannot effectively correct black hole evaporation,while others contend that the positivity or negativity of the GUP parameters should not affect the correction results.Taking the above into consideration,we reconsider black hole evaporation with the generalized uncertainty principle including a linear term(LGUP),and examine the case of negative parameters.The results indicate that the evaporation behavior of both Schwarzschild black holes and Reissner–Nordstr?m black holes,under LGUP correction,is consistent with the results of metric quantum correction and non-commutative geometry.Additionally,the negative parameter LGUP can also effectively correct for black hole evaporation.

关键词： black hole evaporation generalized uncertainty principle negative parameter

Safe Motion Planning and Control Framework for Automated Vehicles with Zonotopic TRMPC

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Engineering 2024年第2期33卷 146-159页

作者： hao zheng Yinong Li Ling zheng Ehsan Hashemi State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmissions College of Mechanical and Vehicle EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2H5Canada

Model mismatches can cause multi-dimensional uncertainties for the receding horizon control strategies of automated vehicles(AVs).The uncertainties may lead to potentially hazardous behaviors when the AV tracks ideal trajectories that are individually optimized by the AV's planning layer.To address this issue,this study proposes a safe motion planning and control(SMPAC)framework for AVs.For the control layer,a dynamic model including multi-dimensional uncertainties is established.A zonotopic tube-based robust model predictive control scheme is proposed to constrain the uncertain system in a bounded minimum robust positive invariant set.A flexible tube with varying cross-sections is constructed to reduce the controller conservatism.For the planning layer,a concept of safety sets,representing the geometric boundaries of the ego vehicle and obstacles under uncertainties,is proposed.The safety sets provide the basis for the subsequent evaluation and ranking of the generated trajectories.An efficient collision avoidance algorithm decides the desired trajectory through the intersection detection of the safety sets between the ego vehicle and obstacles.A numerical simulation and hardware-in-the-loop experiment validate the effectiveness and real-time performance of the SMPAC.The result of two driving scenarios indicates that the SMPAC can guarantee the safety of automated driving under multi-dimensional uncertainties.

关键词： Automated vehicles Automated driving Motion planning Motion control Tube MPC Zonotope

RNF187 governs the maintenance of mouseGC-2 cell development by facilitating histone H3ubiquitination at K57/80

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第3期26卷 272-281页

作者： Bing-Ya Xu Xiang-Ling Yu Wen-Xin Gao Ting-Ting Gao hao-Yue Hu Tian-Tian Wu Cong Shen Xiao-Yan Huang bo zheng Yi-bo Wu Human Reproductive and Genetic Center Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine Department ofHistology and EmbryologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China Changzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Changzhou Medical CenterNanjing Medical UniversityChangzhou 213000China State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine Center for Reproduction andGeneticsSuzhou Municipal HospitalThe Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityGusu SchoolNanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou 215002China.

RING finger 187(RNF187),a ubiquitin-ligating(E3)enzyme,plays a crucial role in the proliferation of cancer cells.However,it remains unclear whether RNF187 exhibits comparable functionality in the development of germline cells.To investigate thepotential involvement of RNF187 in germ cell development,we conducted interference and overexpression assays using GC-2 cells,a mouse spermatocyte-derived cell line.Our findings reveal that the interaction between RNF187 and histone H3 increases theviability,proliferation,and migratory capacity of GC-2 cells.Moreover,we provide evidence demonstrating that RNF187 interactswith H3 and mediates the ubiquitination of H3 at lysine 57(K57)or lysine 80(K80),directly or indirectly resulting in increasedcellular transcription.This is a study to report the role of RNF187 in maintaining the development of GC-2 cells by mediatinghistone H3 ubiquitination,thus highlighting the involvement of the K57 and K80 residues of H3 in the epistatic regulation of genetranscription.These discoveries provide a new theoretical foundation for further comprehensive investigations into the functionof RNF187 in the reproductive system.

关键词： GC-2 cell histone H3 RNF187 ubiquitination

Selective N-Methylation of N-Methylaniline with CO_(2) and H_(2) over Cu/In_(2)O_(3) Catalyst

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第3期42卷 276-282页

作者： Huan zheng bo Qian Lin He State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation Lanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouGansu730000 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China

N-Methylation of amines with CO_(2) and H2 is a potential approach for CO_(2) utilization because N-methylated amines can be used as solvents and organic intermediates. In_(2)O_(3)-supported Cu (Cu/In_(2)O_(3)) acts as an effective heterogeneous catalyst for N-methylation reaction of N-methylaniline (MA) with CO_(2) and H_(2),showing higher N,N-dimethylaniline (DMA) selectivity than other supported Cu catalysts. On one hand,the dispersion of Cu can be improved by the defective In_(2)O_(3) support. On the other hand,In_(2)O_(3) support is active in the dissociative adsorption of CO_(2) through C—O bond breaking. In addition,the H_(2) dissociation ability of In_(2)O_(3) can also be enhanced by Cu. The combination of Cu and In_(2)O_(3) is effective in the activation of CO_(2),the adsorption of intermediate N-methylformanilide (MFA),the hydrogenation of MFA to DMA and the prohibition of C—N bond cleavage side reactions,thereby enhancing the reaction rate of MA conversion and the selectivity to DMA.

关键词： N-Methylation CO_(2) Cu/In_(2)O_(3) Supported catalysts Heterogeneous catalysis

Effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on hematopoietic stem cells in treating aplastic anemia in mice via MAPK pathway

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第5期16卷 591-603页

作者： Jin-bo Wang Ming-Wei Du Yan zheng Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou 310012Zhejiang ProvinceChina Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201203China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical Mycology Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200003China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine Shanghai 201203China Department of Hepatic The Xixi Hospital of Hangzhou Affiliated to Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese MedicineHangzhou 310023Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Aplastic anemia(AA)presents a significant clinical challenge as a life-threatening condition due to failure to produce essential blood cells,with the current the-rapeutic options being notably limited.AIM To assess the therapeutic potential of ginsenoside Rg1 on AA,specifically its protective effects,while elucidating the mechanism at play.METHODS We employed a model of myelosuppression induced by cyclophosphamide(CTX)in C57 mice,followed by administration of ginsenoside Rg1 over 13 d.The invest-igation included examining the bone marrow,thymus and spleen for pathological changes via hematoxylin-eosin staining.Moreover,orbital blood of mice was collected for blood routine examinations.Flow cytometry was employed to identify the impact of ginsenoside Rg1 on cell apoptosis and cycle in the bone marrow of AA mice.Additionally,the study further evaluated cytokine levels with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and analyzed the expression of key proteins in the MAPK signaling pathway via western blot.RESULTS Administration of CTX led to significant damage to the bone marrow’s structural integrity and a reduction in hematopoietic cells,establishing a model of AA.Ginsenoside Rg1 successfully reversed hematopoietic dysfunction in AA mice.In comparison to the AA group,ginsenoside Rg1 provided relief by reducing the induction of cell apoptosis and inflammation factors caused by CTX.Furthermore,it helped alleviate the blockade in the cell cycle.Treatment with ginsenoside Rg1 significantly alleviated myelosuppression in mice by inhibiting the MAPK signaling pathway.CONCLUSION This study suggested that ginsenoside Rg1 addresses AA by alleviating myelosuppression,primarily through modulating the MAPK signaling pathway,which paves the way for a novel therapeutic strategy in treating AA,highlighting the potential of ginsenoside Rg1 as a beneficial intervention.

关键词： Aplastic anemia Ginsenoside Rg1 Myelosuppression MAPK signaling pathway bone marrow Hematopoietic stem cells

Fractal Characteristics and Main Controlling Factors of High-Quality Tight Sandstone Reservoirs in the Southeastern Ordos Basin

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第2期35卷 631-641页

作者： Ruilin hao Wenhui Huang Jiu bo Li Yuan Key Laboratory for Marine Reservoir Evolution and Hydrocarbon Abundance Mechanism School of Energy ResourcesChina University of GeosciencesMinistry of EducationBeijing100083China

Due to the complex conditions and strong heterogeneity of tight sandstone reservoirs,the reservoirs should be classified and the controlling factors of physical properties should be studied.Cast thin section observations,cathodoluminescence,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and high-pressure mercury injection(HPMI)were used to classify and optimize the reservoir.The Brooks-Corey model and stepwise regression were used to study the fractal dimension and main controlling factors of the physical properties of the high-quality reservoir.The results show that the reservoirs in the study area can be divided into four types,and the high-quality reservoir has the best physical properties and pore-throat characteristics.In the high-quality reservoir,the homogeneity of transitional pores was the best,followed by that of micropores,and the worst was mesopores.The porosity was controlled by depth and kaolinite.The model with standardized coefficients is y=12.454−0.778×(Depth)+0.395×(Kaolinite).The permeability was controlled by depth,illite/montmorillonite,and siliceous cement,and the model with standardized coefficients is y=1.689−0.683×(Depth)−0.395×(Illite/Montmorillonite)−0.337×(Siliceous Cement).The pore-throat evolutionary model shows that the early-middle diagenetic period was when the reservoir physical properties were at their best,and the kaolinite intercrystalline pores and residual intergranular pores were the most important.

关键词： fractal dimension main controlling factors stepwise regression high-quality tight sandstone reservoir Ordos Basin petroleum geolgoy

Realizing high initial Coulombic efficiency in manganese-based layered oxide cathodes for sodium-ion batteries via P2/O'3 biphasic structure optimization

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Rare Metals 2024年第5期43卷 2093-2102页

作者： bo Peng Zi-hao Zhou Ping Xuan Jie Xu Lian-bo Ma School of Materials Science and Engineering Anhui University of Technology Anhui Product Quality Supervision&Inspection Research Institute

Abstract Mn-based layered oxides are among the most promising cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries owing to the advantages of abundance,environmenta friendliness,low cost and high specific capacity.P2 and O'3 are two representative structures of Mn-based layered oxides.However,the P2 structure containing insufficien Na generally exhibits low initial charge capacity,while O'3structure with sufficient Na delivers high initial charge capacity but poor cycle stability.This study prepared a multitude of NaxMnO2（x=0.7,0.8,0.9） cathode materials with varying P2/O'3 ratios and further investigated their electrochemical performances.The optimized Na0.8MnO2comprising 69.9 wt%O'3 and 30.1 wt% P2 phase,exhibited relatively balanced specific capacity,Coulombic efficiency and cycle stability.Specifically,it achieved a high specific capacity of 128.9 mAh·g-1with an initia Coulombic efficiency of 98.2%in half-cell configuration The Na0.8MnO2// hard carbon full cell also achieved a high specific capacity of 126.7 mAh·g-1with an initia Coulombic efficiency of 98.9%.Moreover,the capacity fading mechanism was revealed by combining in-situ and ex-situ X-ray diffraction.The findings of this study provide theoretical guidance for further modification design of Mnbased layered cathodes.

关键词： Sodium-ion batteries Cathode materials Mn-based layered oxides P2/O′3 composites