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Alcohol-induced alterations of the hepatocyte cytoskeleton

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第11期16卷 1358-1365页

作者： blythe d shepard Pamela L Tuma department of Biology The Catholic University of America

The hepatocyte cytoskeleton consists of three fi lamentous networks: microtubules, actin microfi laments and keratin intermediate filaments. Because of the abundance of the proteins that comprise each system and the central role each network plays in a variety of cellular processes, the three fi lament systems have been the focus of a host of studies aimed at understanding the progression of alcohol-induced liver injury. In this review, we will briefly discuss the hepatic organization of each cytoskeletal network and highlight some components of each system. We will also describe what is known about ethanol-induced changes in the dynamics and distributions of each cytoskeletal system and discuss what is known about changes in protein expression levels and post-translational modifi cations. Finally, we will describe the possible consequences of these cytoskeletal alterations on hepatocyte function and how they might contribute to the progression of liver disease.

关键词： Ethanol Hepatotoxicity Tubulin Actin Keratin

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Alcohol-induced protein hyperacetylation: Mechanisms and consequences

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第10期15卷 1219-1230页

作者： blythe d shepard Pamela L Tuma department of Biology The Catholic University of America 620 Michigan Avenue NE Washington DC 20064 United States

Although the clinical manifestations of alcoholic liver disease are well-described, little is known about the molecular basis of liver injury. Recent studies have indicated that ethanol exposure induces global protein hyperacetylation. This reversible, posttranslational modification on the ε-amino groups of lysine residues has been shown to modulate multiple, diverse cellular processes ranging from transcriptional activation to microtubule stability. Thus, alcoholinduced protein hyperacetylation likely leads to major physiological consequences that contribute to alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity. Lysine acetylation is controlled by the activities of two opposing enzymes, histone acetyltransferases and histone deacetylases. Currently, efforts are aimed at determining which enzymes are responsible for the increased acetylation of specifi c substrates. However, the greater challenge will be to determine the physiological ramifications of protein hyperacetylation and how they might contribute to the progression of liver disease. In this review, we will fi rst list and discuss the proteins known to be hyperacetylated in the presence of ethanol. We will then describe what is known about the mechanisms leading to increased protein acetylation and how hyperacetylation may perturb hepatic function.

关键词：酒精性肝病诱导蛋白酒精性肝损伤生理影响翻译后修饰乙酰化临床表现分子基础

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The Ornithodolite as a tool to quantify animal space use and habitat selection: a case study with birds diving in tidal waters

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Integrative Zoology 2019年第1期14卷 4-16页

作者： Emma-Louise COLE James J WAGGITT Anders HEdENSTROM Marco PIANO Mark d.HOLTON Luca BÖRGER Emily L.C.shepard department of Biosciences Swansea UniversitySwanseaUK School of Ocean Sciences Bangor UniversityMenai BridgeUK department of Biology Lund UniversityEcology BuildingSweden Centre for Applied Marine Sciences Bangor UniversityMenai BridgeUK

Animal-attached technologies can be powerful means to quantify space use and behavior;however,there are also ethical implications associated with capturing and instrumenting ***,tagging approaches are not necessarily well-suited for examining the movements of multiple individuals within specific,local areas of ***,we assess a method of quantifying animal space use based on a modified theodolite with an inbuilt laser *** a database of>4200 tracks of migrating birds,we show that detection distance in-creases with bird body mass(range 5 g to>10 kg).The maximum distance recorded to a bird was 5500 m and measurement error was≤5 m for targets within this distance range:a level comparable to methods such as GPS *** go on to present a case study where this method was used to assess habitat selection in seabirds operating in dynamic coastal waters close to a tidal *** positional data with outputs from a hydrographic model revealed that great cormorants(Phalacrocorax carbo)appeared to be highly selective of current characteristics in space and time,exploiting areas where mean current speeds wered diving at times when turbulent energy levels were *** birds also oriented into tidal currents during *** together,this suggests that collision risks are low for cormorants at this site,as the 2 conditions avoided by cormorants(high mean current speeds and turbulence levels)are associated with operational tidal ***-all,we suggest that this modified theodolite system is well-suited to the quantification of movement in small areas associated with particular development strategies,including sustainable energy devices.

关键词： GPS habitat use movement ecology seabird tidal turbine

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肺癌筛查资格的种族和民族差异

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国际医学放射学杂志 2022年第1期 113-114页

作者： A.K.Narayan d.N.Chowdhry F.J.Fintelmann B.P.Little J.A.O.shepard E.J.Flores 李鹏飞

摘要为了解决可能误将大量高风险非洲裔美国吸烟者排除在肺癌筛查（LCS）之外的问题，修订后的“美国预防服务工作组（USPSTF）建议”降低了LCS入组门槛。然而，最新的

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甘薯叶柄原生质体和叶肉细胞的群体发育

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园艺与种苗 1982年第4期 43-45页

作者： d.L.Bideny J.F.shepard 钱德杞

植物细胞培养技术的新进展启示我们,可以通过单细胞的再生技术改良主要粮食作物。业已证明,马铃薯品种“褐色布尔班克”的一个叶肉原生质体再生后代的大群体中,有许多性状呈现稳定的变异。其中一些变异类型显著地改善了农业生产上的重... 详细信息

植物细胞培养技术的新进展启示我们,可以通过单细胞的再生技术改良主要粮食作物。业已证明,马铃薯品种“褐色布尔班克”的一个叶肉原生质体再生后代的大群体中,有许多性状呈现稳定的变异。其中一些变异类型显著地改善了农业生产上的重要性状。鉴于这种情况,开展其它农业主要块茎作物相似的再生能力研究很有意义。甘薯就是一种重要的根用作物。在全世界主要粮食作物的年产量中,甘薯仅次于

关键词：原生质体细胞群甘薯叶柄叶肉细胞植板率

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