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Origami Fiction： Psychological Horror in Interactive Narrative

Journal of Philosophy Study 2014年第3期4卷 210-215页

作者： blanca estela lopez perez Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana

One of the most relevant elements in contemporary narrative systems is the atmosphere creation. Even when talking about new digital media, interactive narratives can still be supported by strategies used by former media like cinema and television; namely, character design as well as the setting bonded to architectural space design. These elements are offered to the players through graphic representations that are intended to convey not only an uncanny atmosphere but also an aesthetic experience for psychological horror narratives in videogames. With narrative proposals close to interactive movies, titles like Heavy Rain manage to create a gloomy mood by using basic elements of style such as form, composition, and light, and also open the opportunity to get emotionally involved with the characters through everyday life choices. Even though Heavy Rain is not considered as an action videogame, its narrative audiovisual system is fully able to create enough tension and suspense in order to offer a quite intense aesthetic experience. However, most of its narrative resources are taken from cinema and television audiovisual strategies to tell stories and to hook the audience. Therefore, the study of former narrative systems both as language and human thought and psyche, could allow designers to create more effective interactive narratives for contemporary audiences.

关键词： narrative videogames space graphic representation

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Mid and late Holocene forest fires and deforestation in the subalpine belt of the Iberian range,northern Spain

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Journal of Mountain Science 2016年第10期13卷 1760-1772页

作者： Jose M.GARCIA-RUIZ Yasmina SANJUAN Graciela GIL-ROMERA Penelope GONZALEZ-SAMPERIZ Santiago BEGUERIA Jose ARNAEZ Paz COBA-perez Amelia GOMEZ-VILLAR Javier ALVAREZ-MARTINEZ Noemi LANA-RENAULT estela perez-CARDIEL Carlos lopez DE CALLE Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologfa Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(IPE-CSIC)Campus de Aula DeiP.O.Box 13.03450.080-ZaragozaSpain Estacion Experimental de Aula Dei Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(EEAD-CSIC)Campus de Aula DeiP.O.Box 13.03450.080-ZaragozaSpain Area of Physical Geography University ofLa Rioja26.004-LogronoSpain Centro de Investigaciones en Geografia Ambiental Universidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoUnidad MoreliaAntigua Carretera a Patzcuaro 870158190-MoreliaMichoacanMexico Departamento de Geografia y Geologia Faeultad de Filosofia y LetrasUniversidad de LeonCampus de Vegazana24.071-LeonSpain Departamento de Ingenieria Agricola y Forestal Universidad de ValladolidCampus La Yutera34.071-PalenciaSpain Department of Geography and Land Management University of Zaragoza50.009-ZaragozaSpain Freelance archaeologist Auda.Colon426003-LogronoSpain

The conversion of subalpine forests into grasslands for pastoral use is a well-knownphenomenon, although for most mountain areas the timing of deforestation has not been determined. The presence of charcoal fragments in soil profiles affected by shallow landsliding enabled us to date the occurrence of fires and the periods of conversion ofsubalpine forest into grasslands in the Urbión Mountains, Iberian Range, Spain. We found that the treeline in the highest parts of the northwestern massifs of the Iberian Range(the Urbión, Demanda, Neila, and Cebollera massifs) is currently between 1500 and 1600 m a.s.l., probably because of pastoral use of the subalpine belt, whereas in the past it would have reached almost the highest divides(at approximately 2100–2200 m a.s.l.). The radiocarbon dates obtained indicate that the transformation of the subalpine belt occurred during the Late Neolithic, Chalcolithic, Bronze Age, Iron Age, and Middle Ages. Forest clearing was probably moderate during fires prior to the Middle Ages, as the small size of the sheep herds and the local character of the markets only required small clearings, and therefore more limited fires. Thus, it is likely that the forest recovered burnt areas in a few decades; this suggests the management of the forest and grasslands following a slash-andburn system. During the Middle and Modern Ages deforestation and grassland expansion affected most of the subalpine belt and coincided with the increasing prevalence of transhumance, as occurred in other mountains in the Iberian Peninsula(particularly the Pyrenees). Although the occurrence of shallow landslides following deforestation between the Neolithic and the Roman Period cannot be ruled out, the most extensive shallow landsliding processes would have occurred from the Middle Ages until recent times.

关键词： Forest fires Holocene Subalpinegrasslands Shallow landslides Landscape changes Iberian Range

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Assessment of diagnostic capacity and decision-making based on the 2015 American Thyroid Association ultrasound classification system

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World Journal of Methodology 2022年第3期12卷 148-163页

作者： Luis-Mauricio Hurtado-lopez Alfredo Carrillo-Muñoz Felipe-Rafael Zaldivar-Ramirez Erich Otto Paul Basurto-Kuba blanca-estela Monroy-Lozano Department of Surgery Thyroid ClinicHospital General de MexicoMexico City 06720Mexico Thyroid Clinic General Surgery ServiceHospital General de MexicoMexico 06726Mexico

BACKGROUND This study evaluates the American Thyroid Association(ATA)ultrasound(US)classification system for the initial assessment of thyroid nodules to determine if it indeed facilitates clinical *** To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the diagnostic value of the ATA US classification system for the initial assessment of thyroid *** In accordance with the PRISMA statement for diagnostic test accuracy,we selected articles that evaluated the 2015 ATA US pattern guidelines using a diagnostic gold *** analyzed these cases using traditional diagnostic parameters,as well as the threshold approach to clinical decision-making and decision curve *** We reviewed 13 articles with 8445 thyroid nodules,which were classified according to 2015 ATA *** these,46.62%were *** cancer was found in any of the ATA benign pattern *** Bayesian analysis post-test probability for cancer in each classification was:(1)Very-low suspicion,0.85%;(2)Low,2.6%;(3)Intermediate,6.7%;and(4)High,40.9%.The net benefit(NB),expressed as avoided interventions,indicated that the highest capacity to avoid unnecessary fine needle aspiration biopsy(FNAB)in the patterns that we studied was 42,31,35,and 43 of every 100 *** NB calculation for a probability threshold of 11%for each of the ATA suspicion patterns studied is less than that of performing FNAB on all *** These three types of analysis have shown that only the ATA high-suspicion diagnostic pattern is clinically useful,in which case,FNAB should be ***,the curve decision analysis has demonstrated that using the ATA US risk patterns to decide which patients need FNAB does not provide a greater benefit than performing FNAB on all thyroid ***,it is likely that a better way to approach the assessment of thyroid nodules would be to perform FNAB on all non-cystic nodules,as the present analysis has shown the ATA risk patterns

关键词： Thyroid nodule Thyroid cancer Ultrasound Bayesian analysis Systematic review Metaanalysis

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Antinociceptive and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Methanol Extract of Ormosia coccinea （Aubl,） Jacks in vivo

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2017年第6期5卷 289-298页

作者： Miguel Angel Diaz C. Lorena H. Cruz M. Mahabir P. Gupta Dionisio Olmedo Jose Luis lopez-perez estela Guerrero De Leon Juan Antonio Moran-Pinzon Direccidn Nacional de Farmacia y Drogas Ministerio de Salud Panama Apartado 06812-0816 Republica de Panama Centro de lnvestigaciones Farmacognosticas de la Flora Panamena (CIFLORPAN) Facultad de Farmacia Universidad de Panama Panama Apartado 0824-00172 Republica de Panama Departamento de Quimica FarmacOutica Facultad de Farmacia Universidad de Salamanca Salamanca Apartado 37007 Spain Departamento de Farmacologla Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Panama Panama Apartado 0824 Panama

The present study was conducted to evaluate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of methanol extract of rachis of Ormosia coccinea （Aubl.） Jacks （MEOC） using animal models of nociception and inflammation. The antinociceptive activity of the extract was assessed using acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing, hot-plate, and formalin tests. Oral administration of MEOC （500 mg/kg） produced significant （t7 〈 0.05） antinociceptive effects when tested in mice using acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing test and on the inflammatory phase of the formalin test. It was also demonstrated that MEOC had no significant effect on the response latency time to the heat stimulus in the thermal model of the hot plate test. The anti-inflammatory activity of the extract was assessed using carrageenan, histamine and serotonin induced oedema in rat paw. The oral administration of MEOC showed maximum inhibition （64.29%） at 1 h on carrageenan edema, but it did not modify the edema induced by histamine and serotonin. The present results suggest that MEOC has a peripheral antinoeiceptive and anti-inflammatory action.

关键词： Ormosia coccinea antinociceptive anti-inflammatory fabaceae.

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