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A modular microfluidic platform to study how fluid shear stress alters estrogen receptor phenotype in ER+breast cancer cells

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 287-299页

作者： Braulio Andrés Ortega Quesada Jonathan Cuccia Rachael Coates blake Nassar Ethan Littlefield Elizabeth C.Martin Adam T.Melvin Cain Department of Chemical Engineering Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA 70803USA Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Clemson UniversityClemsonSC 29634USA Biological and Agricultural Engineering Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA 70803USA Department Medicine Section Hematology and Medical OncologyTulane UniversityNew OrleansLA 70118USA

Metastatic breast cancer leads to poor prognoses and worse outcomes in patients due to its invasive behavior and poor response to *** is still unclear what biophysical and biochemical factors drive this more aggressive phenotype in metastatic cancer;however recent studies have suggested that exposure to fluid shear stress in the vasculature could cause *** this study a modular microfluidic platform capable of mimicking the magnitude of fluid shear stress(FSS)found in human vasculature was designed and *** device provides a platform to evaluate the effects of FSS on MCF-7 cell line,an estrogen receptor positive(ER+)breast cancer cell line,during circulation in the *** of the effects of FSS on MCF-7 cells was carried out utilizing two approaches:single cell analysis and bulk *** single cell analysis,cells were trapped in a microarray after exiting the serpentine channel and followed by immunostaining on the device(on-chip).Bulk analysis was performed after cells were collected in a microtube at the outlet of the microfluidic serpentine channel for western blotting(off-chip).It was found that cells exposed to an FSS magnitude of 10 dyn/cm^(2) with a residence time of 60 s enhanced expression of the proliferation marker Ki67 in the MCF-7 cell line at a single cell *** understand possible mechanisms for enhanced Ki67 expression,on-chip and off-chip analyses were performed for pro-growth and survival pathways ERK,AKT,and JAK/*** demonstrated that after shearing the cells phosphorylation of p-AKT,p-mTOR,and p-STAT3 were ***,there was no change in p-ERK1/*** is a mediator of ER rapid signaling,analysis of phosphorylated ERαwas carried out and no significant differences between sheared and non-sheared populations were *** together these results demonstrate that FSS can increase phosphorylation of proteins associated with a more aggressive phenotype in circulating cancer *** findin

关键词： fluid breast estrogen

sRNAminer:多功能的植物小RNA分析工具

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Science Bulletin 2024年第6期69卷 784-791页

作者：李冠良陈程杰陈佩珂 blake C.Meyers 夏瑞 State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources College of HorticultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510640China Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510640China Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510640China Center Saint LouisMO 63132USA Division of plant Science and Technology University of Missouri-ColumbiaColumbiaMO 65211USA

Small RNAs(sRNAs),found extensively in plants,play an essential role in plant growth and *** various sRNA analysis tools have been developed for plants,the use of most of them depends on programming and command-line environments,which is a challenge for many wet-lab ***,current sRNA analysis tools mostly focus on the analysis of certain type of sRNAs and are resource-intensive,normally demanding an immense amount of time and effort to learn the use of numerous tools or scripts and assemble them into a workable pipeline to get the final ***,we present sRNAminer,a powerful stand-alone toolkit with a user-friendly interface that integrates all common functions for the analysis of three major types of plant sRNAs:microRNAs(miRNAs),phased small interfering RNAs(phasiRNAs),and heterochromatic siRNAs(hc-siRNAs).We constructed a curated or"golden"set of MIRNA and pHAS loci,which was used to assess the performance of sRNAminer in comparison to other existing *** results showed that sRNAminer outperformed these tools in multiple aspects,highlighting its *** addition,to enable an efficient evaluation of sRNA annotation results,we developed Integrative Genomics Viewer(IGV)-sRNA,a modified genome browser optimized from IGV and we incorporated it as a functional module in ***-sRNA can display a wealth of sRNA-specific features,enabling a more comprehensive understanding of sRNA *** and IGV-sRNA are both platform-independent software that can be run under all operating *** are now freely available at https://***/kli28/sRNAminer and https://***/CJchen/IG V-sRNA.

关键词： sRNAminer sRNA analysis miRNA phasiRNA hc-siRNA IGV-sRNA

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How University Athletics Can Impact Mental Health among Student Athletes at the University of Evansville

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Health 2024年第3期16卷 218-233页

作者： Claudia Hollis blake Johnson Salma Gonzalez Sarah Harness College of Education and Health Sciences University of Evansville Evansville USA

In recent years, the NCAA student athlete population in the United States has surpassed 500,000, and is continuing to rise each year [1]. These student athletes work their entire lives academically and athletically to reach the ultimate goal: competing in university athletics. However, when these athletes reach university, they are met with non-stop training, homework, exams, and evolving social lives. We have conducted a study at the University of Evansville evaluating how participation in university athletics may impact mental health status among these student athletes, as well as measuring players’ awareness of accessible mental health resources. Over fifty percent of participants reported experiencing at least one mental health condition while competing in their sport;eighty percent reported having knowledge of the mental health resources available to them on campus, however, nearly thirty percent of those knowledgeable reported not knowing how to access these resources. This has indicated a gap in awareness and utilization of mental health resources among student athletes at the University of Evansville.

关键词： Student Athlete Mental Health Mental Health Resources

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观测约束下的煤矿区吸光气溶胶特性模拟研究

光学学报 2024年第18期 253-263页

作者：关萝尧 Cohen Jason blake 秦凯王硕 Tiwari pravash 中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院中国矿业大学碳中和研究院

利用黑碳仪、光学粒度仪和太阳光度计在山西省长治市煤矿区开展连续实地观测，结合“核-壳”假设下的米散射模型，对煤矿区吸光气溶胶光学特性进行建模，提出一种基于多源地基观测快速反演吸光气溶胶单次散射反照率（SSA）的方法，并通... 详细信息

利用黑碳仪、光学粒度仪和太阳光度计在山西省长治市煤矿区开展连续实地观测，结合“核-壳”假设下的米散射模型，对煤矿区吸光气溶胶光学特性进行建模，提出一种基于多源地基观测快速反演吸光气溶胶单次散射反照率（SSA）的方法，并通过使用吸收Angstrom指数对模拟结果进行约束，分析了不同混合状态下吸光气溶胶光学特性的变化规律。结果表明：1）煤矿区吸光气溶胶粒径分布与污染条件相关，重度污染条件下粒径较大，中度污染条件下粒径较小，其中不同污染条件均在0.28～0.3μm等较小粒径区间内存在峰值，这表明排放源对粒径分布有重要影响；2）基于“核-壳”假设的米散射模型可以模拟不同混合状态下吸光气溶胶的SSA，以440 nm粒径为例，在均匀假设下SSA为0.43～0.72，在非均匀假设下SSA为0.41～0.65，这表明使用多波段、多粒径信息可以更准确地获取吸光气溶胶光学特性；3）吸收Angstrom指数只能在部分粒径区间与SSA相匹配，且无法应用至较大粒径区间，表明通过吸收Angstrom指数评估吸光气溶胶SSA的方法会产生偏差，应综合考虑粒径分布、混合状态和波长对其产生的影响。

关键词：单次散射反照率吸光气溶胶米散射模型煤矿区

Asbestos Exposure during Gasket Removal from Aircraft Engine

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Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine 2024年第2期12卷 59-67页

作者： Charles L. blake Kevin M. Guth Raymond D. Harbison Apex Companies Marietta USA Center for Environmental and Occupational Risk Analysis and Management College of Public Health University of South Florida Tampa USA

We have previously evaluated asbestos exposure associated with various maintenance procedures on light aircraft. The purpose of this study was to evaluate asbestos exposure during engine maintenance on light aircraft. This test was designed to evaluate the potential for asbestos exposure to mechanics and others who remove asbestos-containing engine gaskets from reciprocating style aircraft engines. Utilized in this test was an air cooled, horizontally opposed, aviation gasoline burning engine, assembled during 1986 and operated intermittently up into 2015, having accumulated 1680 hours run time. Nearly 75% of the asbestos-containing gaskets installed during 1986 were still in place at the time of testing. Chrysotile asbestos contents of such gaskets ranged from 55% to 60% by area, for those of sheet style and 5% by area, for the spiral wound metal/asbestos style. Despite the levels of effort required to effect gasket removals, the professional aircraft mechanic was not exposed to airborne asbestos fibers at the lower limits of sampling and analytical detection achieved;all of which were substantially less than the current Occupational Safety and Health Administration permissible Exposure Limits for asbestos. The results of this testing indicate an absence of gasket related asbestos exposure risk to mechanics who work with light aircraft engines, including those having asbestos-containing gaskets. These results are consistent with the findings of Mlyarek and Van Orden who studied the asbestos exposure risk occasioned during overhaul of larger radial style reciprocating aircraft engines [1].

关键词： Asbestos Exposure Gaskets Aircraft Engine Friction Materials

Does the use of double hormone replacement therapy for trauma patient organ donors improve organ recovery for transplant

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第2期14卷 119-125页

作者： Eden M Gallegos Tanner Reed paige Deville blake p.att Claudia Leonardi Lillian Bellfi Jessica Dufrene Saad Chaudhary John Hunt Lance Stuke patrick Greiffenstein Jonathan Schoen Alan Marr Anil paramesh Alison A Smith Department of physiology Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New OrleansNew OrleansLA 70124United States Department of Medicine Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New OrleansNew OrleansLA 70112United States Department of Surgery Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New OrleansNew OrleansLA 70112United States Department of Trauma Surgery Tacoma General HospitalTacoma 98405United States Department of public Health Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New OrleansNew OrleansLA 70112United States Department of Donation Services Louisiana Organ Procurement AgencyCovingtonLA 70433United States Department of Surgery Tulane Transplant InstituteTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLA 70112United States

BACKGROUND With an ongoing demand for transplantable organs,optimization of donor management protocols,specifically in trauma populations,is important for obta-ining a high yield of viable organs per *** management of brain-dead potential organ donors(BpODs)is controversial,leading to heterogeneous clinical management *** studies have shown that when levo-thyroxine was combined with other treatments,including steroids,vasopressin,and insulin,BpODs had better organ recovery and survival outcomes were increased for transplant *** To determine if levothyroxine use in combination with steroids in BpODs increased the number of organs donated in trauma *** A retrospective review of adult BpODs from a single level 1 trauma center over ten years was *** criteria included patients who were not solid organ donors,patients who were not declared brain dead(donation after circulatory death),and patients who did not receive steroids in their hospital *** and steroid administration,the number of organs donated,the types of organs donated,and demographic information were *** analyses were performed with ppatients met inclusion criteria,69(78%)of whom received levothyroxine and steroids(ST/LT group)vs 19(22%)receiving steroids without levothyroxine(ST group).No differences were observed between the groups for gender,race,pertinent injury factors,age,or other hormone therapies used(p>0.05).In the ST/LT group,68.1%(n=47)donated a high yield(3-5)of organ types per donor compared to 42.1%(n=8)in the ST group(p=0.038).There was no difference in the total number of organ types donated between the groups(p=0.068).CONCLUSION This study suggests that combining levothyroxine and steroid administration increases high-yield organ donation per donor in BpODs in the trauma patient *** to this study include

关键词： Organ donation Trauma Brain death Levothyroxine Hormone replacement therapy Steroids Organ donor Retrospective

基于高分五号卫星的山西省煤炭行业甲烷点源排放特征

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煤炭学报 2024年第9期49卷 3960-3968页

作者：康涵书秦凯鹿凡胡玮许庆科恩·杰森中国矿业大学江苏省煤基温室气体减排与资源化利用重点实验室江苏徐州221008 中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院江苏徐州221116

甲烷是长效温室气体之一,其增温潜势是CO_(2)的28倍,约占全球变暖效应的16%。煤炭生产活动是中国甲烷排放的主要来源之一,作为中国主要的煤炭生产基地之一,山西省煤炭行业排放了大量甲烷。利用高分辨率遥感数据对山西省煤炭行业的甲烷... 详细信息

甲烷是长效温室气体之一,其增温潜势是CO_(2)的28倍,约占全球变暖效应的16%。煤炭生产活动是中国甲烷排放的主要来源之一,作为中国主要的煤炭生产基地之一,山西省煤炭行业排放了大量甲烷。利用高分辨率遥感数据对山西省煤炭行业的甲烷排放进行估算,可以为建立精细化的煤炭行业甲烷排放清单奠定数据基础,并为制定有效的减排措施提供科学依据。利用我国高分五号02星搭载的先进高光谱成像仪(AHSI),使用2021年10月—2023年3月的数据,探测到山西省煤炭行业等408个厂矿的838个甲烷羽流,并计算各羽流的排放速率。结果显示:①山西省煤炭行业的甲烷羽流排放速率呈现出非对称性,84%的羽流的排放速率在0.5~3.0 t/h,但也有少数极端情况,最高的排放速率超过10.0 t/h。②山西省有6个煤炭行业甲烷点源排放密集区,其中5个密集区与XCH_(4)的高值区域相对应。③检测到甲烷排放点源,以煤矿和焦化企业为最多。不同类型的排放源甲烷平均排放速率差异性较大,且排放速率会随时间和排放源的变化而波动。煤炭行业的各个环节都可能存在甲烷排放。④高度持续性排放源虽然只占所有点源的13%,但其贡献了41%的总排放速率。相反,高度间断性排放源虽然占了59%,但其只贡献了25%的总排放速率。全山西煤炭行业的甲烷综合排放速率为177.17±56.35 t/h,主要由煤矿类、焦化类和火电类企业的甲烷排放构成。

关键词： GF5B–AHSI 煤炭行业甲烷点源排放排放特征间歇性

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LINEAR WAVES THAT EXpRESS THE SIMpLEST pOSSIBLE pERIODIC STRUCTURE OF THE COMpRESSIBLE EULER EQUATIONS

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2009年第6期29卷 1749-1766页

作者： blake Temple Robin Young Department of Mathematics University of California Davis CA 95616 USA Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003 USA

In this paper we show how the simplest wave structure that balances compression and rarefaction in the nonlinear compressible Euler equations can be represented in a solution of the linearized compressible Euler equations. Such waves are exact solutions of the equations obtained by linearizing the compressible Euler equations about the periodic extension of two constant states separated by entropy jumps. Conditions on the states and the periods are derived which allow for the existence of solutions in the Fourier 1-mode. In [3, 4, 5] it is shown that these are the simplest linearized waves such that, for almost every period, they are isolated in the kernel of the linearized operator that imposes periodicity, and such that they perturb to nearby nonlinear solutions of the compressible Euler equations that balance compression and rarefaction along characteristics in the formal sense described in [3]. Their fundamental nature thus makes them of interest in their own right.

关键词： compressible Euler periodic solutions conservation laws

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Using physiological conditions to assess current and future habitat use of a Subarctic frog

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Integrative Zoology 2023年第1期18卷 2-14页

作者： Thomas p.HASTINGS blake R.HOSSACK LeeAnn FISHBACK Jon M.DAVENpORT Department of Biology Appalachian State UniversityBooneNorth CarolinaUSA U.S.Geological Survey Northern Rocky Mountain Science Centerand Wildlife Biology ProgramW.A.Franke College of Forestry&ConservationUniversity of MontanaMissoulaMontanaUSA Churchill Northern Studies Centre ChurchillManitobaCanada

Species with especially close dependence on the environment to meet physiological requirements,such as ectotherms,are highly susceptible to the impacts of climate *** change is occurring rapidly in the Subarctic and Arctic,but there is limited knowledge on ectotherm physiology in these *** investigated how environmental conditions and habitat characteristics inﬂuence the physiological conditions and habitat use of wood frogs(Rana sylvatica)in a Subarctic landscape near Churchill,Manitoba(Canada).We used plaster models to estimate water loss rates and surface body temperatures among different habitat types and at speciﬁc locations used by radio-tracked *** loss(R2=0.67)and surface temperature(R2=0.80)of plaster models was similar to that of live ***-based water loss rates were greater in tundra habitat than in boreal forest and ecotone *** use of wood frogs was strongly tied with available surface moisture and decreased water loss rates that were observed with plaster *** conditions,such as wind speed and ground tem-perature,explained 58%and 91%of the variation in water balance and temperature of plaster *** physiological conditions may be challenging for semi-aquatic ectotherms in environments vulnerable to future cli-mate *** ability to predict physiological conditions based on environmental conditions,as demonstrated in our study,can help understand how wildlife will respond to climatic changes.

关键词： Arctic climate change landscape physiology water balance wood frog