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Long-term economic sensitivity analysis of light duty underground mining vehicles by power source

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2017年第3期27卷 567-571页

作者： schatz Richard S. Nieto Antonio Lvov Serguei N. The EMS Energy Institute College of Earth and Mineral Engineering The Pennsylvania State University State College PA 16802 USA Department of Energy and Mineral Engineering College of Earth and Mineral Engineering The Pennsylvania State University State College PA 16802 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of Earth and Mineral Engineering The Pennsylvania State University State College PA 16802 USA

LHD's are expensive vehicles; therefore, it is important to accurately define the financial consequences associated with the investment of purchasing the mining equipment. This study concentrates on longterm incremental and sensitivity analysis to determine whether it is feasible to incorporate current battery technology into these machines. When revenue was taken into account, decreasing the amount of haulage in battery operated equipment by 5% or 200 kg per h amounts to a $4.0 × 10~4 loss of profit per year. On average it was found that using battery operated equipment generated $9.5 × 10~4 more in income annually, reducing the payback period from seven to two years to pay back the additional $1.0 × 10~5 investment of buying battery powered equipment over cheaper diesel equipment. Due to the estimated 5% increase in capital, it was observed that electric vehicles must possess a lifetime that is a minimum of one year longer than that of diesel equipment.

关键词： Sensitivity analysis Underground mining vehicles Battery power Battery mining equipment Economic evaluation

Identification of Lignin and Polysaccharide Modifications in Populus Wood by Chemometric Analysis of 2D NMR Spectra from Dissolved Cell Walls

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Molecular Plant 2009年第5期2卷 933-942页

作者： Mattias Hedenstrom Susanne Wiklund-Lindstrom Tommy Oman Fachuang Lu Lorenz Gerber Paul schatz Bjorn Sundberg John Ralph Department of Chemistry Umea University SE-90187 Umea Sweden Department of Biochemistry and Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center University of Wisconsin Madison WI 53706 USA Umea Plant Science Centre Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences SE-90183 Umea Sweden US Dairy Forage Research Center USDA-Agricultural Research Service Madison WI 53706 USA

2D ^13C-^1H HSQC NMR spectroscopy of acetylated cell walls in solution gives a detailed fingerprint that can be used to assess the chemical composition of the complete wall without extensive degradation. We demonstrate how multivariate analysis of such spectra can be used to visualize cell wall changes between sample types as high-resolution 2D NMR loading spectra. Changes in composition and structure for both lignin and polysaccharides can subsequently be interpreted on a molecular level. The multivariate approach alleviates problems associated with peak picking of overlapping peaks, and it allows the deduction of the relative importance of each peak for sample discrimination. As a first proof of concept, we compare Populus tension wood to normal wood. All well established differences in cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin compositions between these wood types were readily detected, confirming the reliability of the multivariate approach, In a second example, wood from transgenic Populus modified in their degree of pectin methylesterification was compared to that of wild-type trees. We show that differences in both lignin and polysaccharide composition that are difficult to detect with traditional spectral analysis and that could not be a priori predicted were revealed by the multivariate approach. 2D NMR of dissolved cell wall samples combined with multivariate analysis constitutes a novel approach in cell wall analysis and provides a new tool that will benefit cell wall research.

关键词： Aspen biostatistics cell walls multivariate data analysis NMR spectroscopy tension wood

SCIENTIFIC AND MEDICAL ASSESSMENT OF NEW WEAPONS FOR LAW ENFORCEMENT:ISSUES THAT WOULD BE RAISED BY "INCAPACITATING CHEMICAL AGENTS"

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SCIENTIFIC AND MEDICAL ASSESSMENT OF NEW WEAPONS FOR LAW ENF...

An Approach towards the Incorporation of Soft Aspects Such as Manufacturing Efforts into Structural Design Optimization

Expert Meeting "Incapacitating Chemical Agents":Law Enforcement,Human Rights Law and Policy Perspectives

作者： Peter blain

Overview of the process of scientific and medical assessment of less lethal weapons for law enforcement in the United Kingdom The Patten Report(1999)14 on policing was an important component of the peace process in Northern *** 69 and 70 of the Report required improvements in safety and range of public order equipment used in law enforcement:

关键词： INCAPACITATING CHEMICAL AGENTS SCIENTIFIC AND MEDICAL ASSESSMENT OF NEW WEAPONS FOR LAW ENFORCEMENT:ISSUES THAT WOULD BE RAISED BY

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Journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation 2014年第11期4卷 847-857页

作者： Markus schatz, Horst Baier Institute of Lightweight Structures Technical University of Munich Garching 85748 Germany

This paper introduces an efficient holistic approach to the design optimization of lightweight structures of braided fiber-reinforced plastic material. The approach aims to mitigate the paradox of making design decisions at early development phases, when necessary information is incomplete or lacking detail so as to properly make these decisions. However, expert knowledge is available and though it is imprecise in nature, it can compensate to create useful models. Manufacturing effort for the braiding process has been described by information accumulated via interviews with braiding experts. This information is then modelled using the soft-computing approach by fuzzy-rule-based systems. The resulting models can further be efficiently integrated into the structural design optimization process. A multidisciplinary design optimization is facilitated considering several aspects including manufacturing effort and structural mechanics, which can be used in early design phases leading to more holistic designing and, thereby, unlocking lightweight and cost-reducing potentials. Benefits of this method, including viability and ease of implementation, are proven by investigations on two academic test problems before advancing to the challenging automotive engineering design problem of the roadster A-pillar.

关键词： Structural design optimization soft computing fuzzy-rule-based system manufacturing effort braided fiber-reinforced plastics.

A new visual acuity test on touchpad for vision screening in children

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2020年第9期13卷 1436-1442页

作者： Elsa Di Foggia Noémie Stoll Hélène Meunier Adam Rimelé Pascal Ance Pierre-Henri Moreau Claude Speeg-schatz Arnaud Sauer Ophthalmology Department CHU StrasbourgStrasbourgAlsace 67091France Ophthalmology Department CH ColmarColmarAlsace 68024France Cognitive and Adaptative Neuroscience Laboratory StrasbourgAlsace 67000France Plateforme SILABE Strasbourg UniversityAlsace 67207France

AIM:To validate a visual acuity(VA)test application on touchpad in the screening of pediatric population by comparing VA results obtained with conventional ***:A cohort of 101 patients,44 girls and 57 boys with a median of 6.5 years old(3-10 years of age),presenting for eye examinations in Ophthalmology Department(Strasbourg,France)between November 1st,2018,and February 1st,2019 were *** and binocular VA testing was performed on the subject using both a standard test and the touchpad application(Monoyer,"E"or,Pigassou depending of children s capacities).Patients were excluded if they were physically or mentally unable to use the *** duration of each tests,the painfulness,the comprehension,the attention of children during the test and test’s preferences were also ***:There was a good linear correlation and intra-class correlation coefficient[ICC=0.50(0.***.0.64)for binocular acuity,0.74(0.***.0.82)for right eyes and 0.525(0.***.0.66)for left eye].The standard errors of measurement were very low(0.***.0.05.0.08 for binocular VA,right eyes VA and left eyes VA,respectively).There was no difference between two tests for right eye(P=0.126);left eye(P=0.098)and binocular acuity(P=0.085).Non inferiority was proved for all binocular[-0.06(-0.09.-0.03)],right eye[-0.04(-0.07.-0.01)]and left eye[-0.06(-0.09,-0.02)]*** sensitivity and specificity,which correspond to the ability for our app to detect amblyopia,were 92%and 80%***:Our touchpad application represents an efficient and valid test of VA in children with a high specificity to detect visual impairment.

关键词： visual acuity application screening children

Multivariate Statistical Analysis of Large Datasets: Single Particle Electron Microscopy

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Open Journal of Statistics 2016年第4期6卷 701-739页

作者： Marin van Heel Rodrigo V. Portugal Michael schatz Institute of Biology Leiden Leiden University NeCEN Leiden The Netherlands Sir Ernst Chain Building Imperial College London London UK Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory CNPEM Campinas Brazil Image Science Software GmbH Berlin Germany

Biology is a challenging and complicated mess. Understanding this challenging complexity is the realm of the biological sciences: Trying to make sense of the massive, messy data in terms of discovering patterns and revealing its underlying general rules. Among the most powerful mathematical tools for organizing and helping to structure complex, heterogeneous and noisy data are the tools provided by multivariate statistical analysis (MSA) approaches. These eigenvector/eigenvalue data-compression approaches were first introduced to electron microscopy (EM) in 1980 to help sort out different views of macromolecules in a micrograph. After 35 years of continuous use and developments, new MSA applications are still being proposed regularly. The speed of computing has increased dramatically in the decades since their first use in electron microscopy. However, we have also seen a possibly even more rapid increase in the size and complexity of the EM data sets to be studied. MSA computations had thus become a very serious bottleneck limiting its general use. The parallelization of our programs—speeding up the process by orders of magnitude—has opened whole new avenues of research. The speed of the automatic classification in the compressed eigenvector space had also become a bottleneck which needed to be removed. In this paper we explain the basic principles of multivariate statistical eigenvector-eigenvalue data compression;we provide practical tips and application examples for those working in structural biology, and we provide the more experienced researcher in this and other fields with the formulas associated with these powerful MSA approaches.

关键词： Single Particle Cryo-EM Multivariate Statistical Analysis Unsupervised Classification Modulation Distance Manifold Separation

Chemical Dosimetry during Alpha Irradiation: A Specific System for UV-Vis <i>in Situ</i>Measurement

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2012年第1期3卷 6-11页

作者： Cedric Costa Johan Vandenborre Francis Crumière Guillaume blain.Rachid Essehli Massoud Fattahi 不详

This paper is devoted to the study of the potentiality of the Fricke dosimeter for the characterization of the highly energetic (62.1 MeV) α particles beams generated by a new cyclotron facility, namely ARRONAX started in 2009. Such for this high energetic α beam, in situ dosimetry is performed in order to avoid radiation safety inconvenience and to earn run time of irradiation. Therefore, an in situ Fricke dosimetry protocol is developed and its reliability is checked by comparison with other experiments carried out by using the traditional method (ex situ Fricke dosimetry) within another cyclotron facility (CEMHTI) and by comparison with literature data. To author’s knowledge, it is the first time that Fricke dosimetry is performed during the α irradiation experiment. The results of these in situ dosimetry experiments show that the value of ferric ions radiolytic yield (G(Fe3+) = (11.7 ± 1.2) 10–7 mol?J–1) extrapolated from literature data can be used for this higher energy of α particles (Eα = 62.1 MeV).

关键词： in Situ UV-Vis Measurement Chemical Dosimetry High Energetic α Irradiation Ferric Ion Radiolytic Yield

Effect of a Post-Anthesis Foliar Application of Nitrogen on Grain Protein and Milling and Baking Quality of Spring Wheat

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2016年第17期7卷 2505-2514页

作者： Joel Ransom Senay Simsek blain. schatz Eric Eriksmoen Grant Mehring Itai Mutukwa Department of Plant Sciences North Dakota State University Fargo ND USA Carrington Research Extension Center North Dakota State University Carrington ND USA North Central Research Extension Center North Dakota State University Minot ND USA

Hard red spring wheat in North America must be high in protein in order to avoid costly discounts when marketed. Many newer cultivars have higher yield potential but produce relatively lower grain protein levels. A post-anthesis foliar application of urea-ammonium nitrate mixed with equal part water at 33 kg·ha-1 nitrogen (N) can increase grain protein levels by up to one percent. This increase can be profitable when market premiums/discounts for protein are moderate to high. Nitrogen applied post-anthesis consistently increased grain protein content more than the application of the same rate of N to the soil prior to planting. Milling and baking analysis reveals augmenting the protein in this way does not diminish its functionality.

关键词： Bread Wheat Loaf Volume Yield Protein Functionality Nitrogen Fertilization

Motor-vehicle crashes during pregnancy: a retrospective cohort study

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2011年第4期1卷 202-207页

作者： Harold B. Weiss Erin K. Sauber-schatz Amy H. Herring 不详

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the risk of motor-vehicle pregnant driver crashes in Pennsylvania using vital statistics linked to police and ambulance reports. This was supplemented with a review of national age and sex specific crash and fertility data to put this risk into perspective and rank the likelihood for pregnancy-related crashes in other states. Methods: Motor vehicle police crash reports from the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation were probabilistically linked to four years of birth and fetal death data and five years of infant death records and ambulance reports. State specific motor-vehicle traffic injury rates (fatal and non-fatal) were compared to birth rates, by age, for women ages 15 - 34. Results: 5929 (1.1%) of the women with a birth or fetal death linked to a police reported motor vehicle driver crash during pregnancy. One-third (32.5%) of these crashes resulted in minor maternal injuries and 7.5% resulted in moderate to fatal maternal injuries. Crashes were evenly distributed across gestational ages. Young drivers (20 - 24) were at highest risk. Police reported non-belt use was 10%. Conclusions: This study quantifies the risk of motor vehicle crashes during pregnancy in Pennsylvania and offers a perspective on potential variations in other states. Pregnancy related crashes occur at a higher rate than infant related crashes with a concomitant threat to the fetus and new-born not usually tracked within current crash data systems.

关键词： Maternal Injury Motor Vehicle Crash