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Incubation strategies of the black-necked Crane(Grus nigricollis) in relation to ambient temperature and time of day

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Avian Research 2017年第3期8卷 147-155页

作者： Lixun Zhang Bei An Meilin Shu Changming Zhao Xiaojun Yang Yila Suo Yongjun se Xilite Dabu School of Life Sciences Lanzhou University Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of Sciences National Nature Reserve of Yanchiwan

Background: The behavior of cranes reflects many of their survival strategies, but little has been known of the incubation strategies of cranes, in which both parents share incubation duties, in response to cold temperatures in alpine environments. The lack of information may restrict the effective conservation of the threatened black-necked Crane(Grus nigricollis), a biparental bird nesting in high elevation ***: We directly observed and used infrared video cameras from 2014 to 2015 to study the incubation behavior and quantitatively measured the frequency and details of egg turning behavior in the black-necked Crane at the Yanchiwan National Nature Reserve in western Gansu Province, ***: At lower ambient temperatures in the morning, crane parents spent more time on the nest with less recess frequency and prolonged on-bout duration, while at higher temperatures around noon, the parents had more frequent recesses from incubation and shorter periods between nest exchanges. They adjusted the amount of time incubating by varying the recess frequency and the length of on-bout duration. Mean nest attendance and egg turning frequency of females were significantly higher than those of the males. The nest attendance and on-bout duration of females showed a significantly negative relationship with those of males. The two parents responded differently to the change of temperature. Females spent more time on the nest at lower morning temperatures, while males increased their time on the nest at higher temperatures after noon. Higher incubation recess frequency and egg turning frequency were observed at noon, probably because parents spent more time foraging, taking advantage of the lower egg cooling ***: Both black-necked Crane parents in the alpine environment adjusted their behavior in response to the thermal requirements of eggs and the weather conditions experienced. Our findings demonstrate that parents of this species incubated in diffe

关键词： Time of day Ambient temperature Egg-turning frequency On-bout duration Nest attendance Recess frequency Biparental bird

Role of Mediterranean diet, tropical vegetables rich in antioxidants, and sunlight exposure in blindness, cataract and glaucoma among African type 2 diabetics

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2012年第2期5卷 231-237页

作者： Mvitu Muaka Mose Longo-Mbenza Benjamin Tulomba Mona Doris Kibokela Ndembe Dalida Nge Okwe Augustin University of Kinshasa Department of Ophthalmology Walter Sisulu University Faculty of Health Sciences South Africa Biostatistics Unit Lomo Medical Center and Heart of Africa Center of Cardiology Kinshasa DR Congo

AIM: To assess whether regular Mediterranean diet and regular intake of vegetables may reduce the risk of blindness, cataract, and glaucoma in these type 2 diabetics. · METHODS: A cross-sectional design was carried out among known black diabetics admitted at the diabetic clinics of Kinshasa, between October 2008 and March 2009. The Mediterranean-style dietary score (MSDPS) was used to characterize a Mediterranean-style dietary pattern in the study population using the Harvard semi quantitative FFQ adapted for Africa. · RESULTS: Five hundred Type 2 diabetic patients were included in this study (48% of males; 40% aged ≥60 years). There was a significant association between blindness, cataract and aging; between blindness (P seS, and a very significant association between blindness (P sex. Regular intake of Mediterranean diet, Brassica Rapa, beans, Abelmoschus, Musa acuminata reduced significantly the risk of blindness, cataract and glaucoma. · CONCLUSION: Regular intake of Mediterranean diet, Brassica Rapa, beans, Abelmoschus, and Musa acuminata may significantly reduce the risk of blindness or its major causes among type 2 diabetes mellitus in Africa.

关键词： type 2 diabetes mellitus Mediterranean diet blindness cataract Africa

Oxidative stress-elevated high gamma glutamyl transferase levels, and aging, intake of tropical food plants, migration and visual disability in Central Africans

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2012年第4期5卷 493-498页

作者： Benjamin Longo-Mbenza Mose Mvitu Muaka Etienne Mokondjimobe Dalida Kibokela Ndembe Doris Tulomba Mona Baudouin Buassabu-bu-Tsumbu Faculty of Health Sciences Walter Sisulu UniversityMthatha 5117 Eastern Cape South Africa Department of Ophthalmology University of KinshasaKinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Faculty of Health Sciences University of Marien NgouabiBrazzaville Democratic Republic of the Congo Department of Neuropsychiatry University of KinshasaKinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Biostatistics Unit Lomo Medical Center and Heart of Africa Center of CardiologyKinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Department of Basic Sciences Division of Biochemistry University of KinshasaKinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo

·AIM:To investigate the independent pathogenic role of high serum gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels, sociodemographic data, dietary and environmental risk factors for visual disability (VD). ·METHODS:This was a case-control study, run in 200 black Congolese patients managed in Saint Joseph Hospital Ophthalmology Division from Kinshasa town. Logistic regression model was used to identify determinants of VD (n = 58) among sex, age, cigarette smoking, alcohol abuse, rural-urban migration, education levels, aging ≥60 years, intake of red Beans, Safou fruit and Taro leaves, lipid profile, residence, socioeconomic status, and GGT. ·RESULTS:After adjusting for confounding factors, we identified migration (OR=3.7 95% CI:1.2-11.3; P =0.023), low education level (OR=3.1 95% CI 1.1-8.5; P =0.026), no intake of Safou fruit (OR=34.2 95% CI 11.5-102; P serum GGT ≥10U/L (OR=3.6 95% CI 1.3-9.6; P = 0.012) as the significant and independent determinants of VD. ·CONCLUSION:VD appears as a major public health problem in Central Africa to be prevented or delayed by control of migration, lifestyle changes, antioxidant supplements, appropriate diet, nutrition education, and blocking of oxidative stress.

关键词： oxidative stress serum gamma-glutamyl transferase intake of tropical food plants aging vision loss

Regulatory T cells attenuate hyperhomocysteinemia-accelerated atherosclerosis in ApoE-KO mice

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Regulatory T cells attenuate hyperhomocysteinemia-accelerate...

Rheumatoid Arthritis of Man: A Study of 35 Cases in a senegalese Hospital

2008北京国际生理科学学术大会

作者： FENG Juan~1,XU Qing-Bo~2,WANG Xian~1 1 Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology,School of Basic Medical Sciences,Peking University,Beijing,100083,China 2 Cardiovascular Division,The James black Centre,Kings College London,London se5 9NU,UK

Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease of the arterial wall where both innate and adaptive immunoinflammatory responses contribute to disease *** CD4 T cells of murine and human atherosclerotic plaques are of the Th1 cell *** several consistent experimental studies have clearly shown a critical pathogenic role for Th1-mediated response in *** subtypes of T cells,called the regulatory T cells(Tregs),have been shown to play a critical role in the maintenance of immunological tolerance against self and non-self antigens and prevent the development of various immunoinflammatory *** investigated the importance and potential role of Tregs in hyperhomocysteinemia(HHcy)-accelerated atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-knockout(ApoE-KO)*** effect of homocystein(Hcy)was tested on the number and functional properties of Tregs in vitro and in vivo,between HHcy ApoE-KO mice and ApoE-KO alone *** results showed that Hcy attenuated the number and suppressive properties of Tregs in vitro and in *** clinically relevant level of plasma Hcy(16.81±1.35μmol/L),atherosclerotic lesions were slightly increased as early as 2-week HHcy ApoE-KO *** number of CD4CD25 T cells was reduced by about 40%in 2-week HHcy ApoE-KO mice compared with ApoE-KO alone *** coculture-experiment assay,which has been wellvalidated to assess Tregs function,showed that the CD4CD25 effector T cells(Teffs)exhibited increased proliferation after treatment with 30μmol/L Hcy for 72 h in vitro compared with *** proliferation was also enhanced in 2-week HHcy ApoE-KO mice in *** data suggest that the function of Tregs was reduced in 2-week HHcy ApoE-KO *** decreased Foxp3 gene and protein expressions in T cells in vitro and in vivo. Transfer of Tregs from age-matched normal C57BL/6J mice to 2-week HHcy ApoE-KO mice resulted in significant attenuation of atherosclerosis lesion compared with that after delivery of phosphate-buffer

关键词： atherosclerosis regulatory T cells hyperhomocysteinemia

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2014年第4期4卷 137-142页

作者： Souhaibou Ndongo Abdoulaye Pouye Lionel Ouedraogo Emeric Azankpan Ngoné Diack Thérèse Moreira Diop Clinique médicale I-H.A.L.D-Dakar Dakar étoile Senegal

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is predominant in women. In men certain clinical signs can delay diagnosis. Methods: A cross-section study of the epidemio-clinical and immunobiological features of rheumatoid arthritis in a male, black African population was carried out at the Aristide Le Dantec, University hospital of Dakar. Results: we studied 35 male subjects with rheumatoid arthritis. Their mean age was 42 years and the average time between the onset of symptoms to diagnosis was 44 months. In 70% of these patients, at least one joint deformation was present, most frequently an ulnar deviation of the fingers (34.3%). Extra-articular symptoms were dominated by dry eye syndrome (34%) and anemia (17%). Anemia was significantly less frequent in men than in women. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate was accelerated in 51.4% and C reactive proteins were increased in 92% of patients. The rheumatoid factor was positive in all patients and the anticyclic Citrullinated Peptide (CCP) antibody was positive in 80% of cases. Conclusion: Male rheumatoid arthritis, relatively less studied, was associated with strongly positive immunological markers and a high rate of joint disorders.

关键词： Rheumatoid Arthritis Male senegal

Prevalence and virological profiles of hepatitis B infection in human immunodeficiency virus patients

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World Journal of Hepatology 2012年第7期4卷 218-223页

作者： Koffi Alain Attia serge Eholié Eugène Messou Christine Danel Sandrine Polneau Henri Chenal Thomas Toni Myreille Mbamy Catherine seyler Naomi Wakasugi Thérèse N'dri-Yoman Xavier Anglaret Department of General Medicine and Hepato-Gastroenterology Teaching Hospital of Yopougon Abidjan 1021 Còte d'Ivoire Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases Teaching Hospital of Treichville Abidjan 1018 Còte d'Ivoire Programme PAC-CI Abidjan 1018 Còte d'Ivoire Integrated Center of Bioclinical Research of Abidjan Treichville Abidjan 1018 Còte d'Ivoire INseRM Unité 897 University Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2 Bordeaux 33076 France Japanese Cooperation Waseda University Tokyo 162-0041 Japan

AIM: To determine the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in adult human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients with CD4+ T-cell count less than 500/mm 3 and without antiretroviral therapy; to describe different HBV-HIV coinfection virological profiles; and to search for factors associated with HBs antigen (HBsAg) presence in these HIV positive ***: During four months (June through september 2006), 491 patients were received in four HIV positive monitoring clinical centers in Abidjan. Inclusion criteria: HIV-1 or HIV-1 and 2 positive patients, age ≥ 18 years, CD4+ T-cell count sent of the patient. Realized blood tests included HIV serology, CD4+ T-cell count, quantitative HIV RNA load and HBV serological markers, such as HBsAg and HBc antibody (anti-HBcAb). We performed HBeAg, anti-HBe antibody (anti-HBeAb), anti-HBc IgM and quantitative HBV DNA load in HBsAg positive patients. Anti-HBsAb had been tested in HIV patients with HBsAg negative and anti-HBcAb-positive. HBV DNA was also tested in 188 anti-HBcAb positive patients with HBsAg negative status and without anti-HBsAb. Univariate analysis (Pearsonχ 2 test or Fischer exact test) and multivariate analysis (backward step-wise selection logistic regression) were performed as statistical analysis. RESULTS: Mean age of 491 patients was 36 ± 8.68 years and 73.3% were female. Type-1 HIV was found in 97% and dual-type HIV (type 1 plus type 2) in 3%. World Health Organization (WHO) clinical stage was 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively in 61 (12.4%), 233 (47.5%), 172 (35%) and 25 patients (5.1%). Median CD4+ T-cell count was 341/mm 3 (interquartile range: 221-470). One hundred and twelve patients had less than 200 CD4+ T-cell/mm 3 . Plasma HIV-1 RNA load was elevated (≥ 5 log 10 copies/mL) in 221 patients (45%). HBsAg and anti-HBcAb prevalence was respectively 13.4% and 72.9%. Of the 66 HBsAg positive patients, 22 were inactive HBV carriers (33.3%), 21 had HBeAg positive hepatitis (3

关键词： Hepatitis B virus-human immunodeficiency virus coinfection Prevalence Virological profiles black Africa

Calibration and Validation of the SWAT Model on the Watershed of Bafing River, Main Upstream Tributary of senegal River: Checking for the Influence of the Period of Study

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Open Journal of Modern Hydrology 2020年第4期10卷 81-104页

作者： Moussé Landing Sane Soussou Sambou Issa Leye Didier Maria Ndione Samo Diatta Ibrahima Ndiaye Mamadou Lamine Badji seïdou Kane Faculty of Sciences and Technology Department of Physics Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal UFR Science and Technology Department of Physics University of Assane Seck Ziguinchor

Management of reservoir water resources requires the knowledge of flow inputs in this reservoir. Hydrological rainfall-runoff model is used for this purpose. There are several types of hydrological model according the description of the hydrological processes: black-box models, conceptual models, deterministic physical based model. SWAT is a semi-distributed hydrological model designed for water quality and quantity. This versatile tool has been used all around the world to assess and manage water resources. The main objective of the paper is to calibrate and validate the SWAT model on the watershed of Bafing located between 10°30' and 12°30' north latitude and between 12°30' and 9°30' west longitude to assess climate change on this river flows. A DEM with a resolution of 12.5 m × 12.5 m, the daily average flows and the daily observed precipitations on the period 1979-1986 (long period) are used as inputs for the calibration, while precipitations for the period 1988-1994 are used for the validation. The sensitivity analysis was done to detect the most determining coefficients during the calibration step. It shows that 19 parameters are required. Then, the effect of the period on the parameters calibration is checked by considering first the whole period of study and then each year of the period of study. The Nash criterion was used to compare the calculated and the observed hygrog

关键词： SWAT Hydrological Modelling senegal River Bafing Makana

Virological profile of hepatitis B infection in black African HBsAg chronic carriers

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第2期3卷 113-118页

作者： Koffi Alain Attia Stanislas Doffou Ya Henriette Kissi Demba Bangoura seka Mondesir Pianiza Kouame Alassan Mahassadi Fulgence Yao Bathaix Mohamed Sayegh Thérèse N’dri-Yoman Clinique Médicale Danga Cocody Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire service de Médecine et d’Hépato-Gastroentérologie CHU Yopougon Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire

Aims: 1) Describe virological profile of patients followed-up for chronic Hepatitis B virus (HBV);2) search for a correlation between cirrhosis and virological profile of patients. Patients and Methods: Retrospective study about 75 HBsAg positive patients followed-up for at least one year in two medical structures of Abidjan. Studied parameters: clinical signs, biological check-up (serum transaminases every 3 months for at least one year, platelets count and prothrombin rate), abdominal echography, virological check-up (HBsAg, HBeAg, anti-HBe, total anti-HBc, anti-VHC and anti- HIV Ab, HBV DNA biannual quantification during at least one year). Histological or biochemical evaluation of hepatic activity and fibrosis were realized in case of transaminases elevation or HBV DNA > 2000 IU/ml. Results: The mean age of our 75 patients (54 men) was 42.1 ± 11.54 years. HBV was fortuitously discovered in most of our patients (74.7% of the cases). The HBV inactive chronic carriage was 50.7%;HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis represented respectively 9.3% and 40% of the cases. Mean B viral load was 327.5 IU/ml in HBV inactive chronic carriers, 44,047,663 IU/ml in HBeAg-positive chronic HBV and 20,231,822 IU/ml in HBeAg-negative chronic HBV. Cirrhosis prevalence was significantly high- er in positive or negative HBeAg chronic HBV than in HBV inactive chronic carriers (32.4% vs. 5.3%, p = 0.008;OR = 8.6). Conclusion: Our patients’ virological profile was dominated by HBeAg-negative chronic HBV and HBV inactive chronic carriage. The risk of having cirrhosis was multiplied by 8.6 in case of active chronic hepatitis compared with HBV inactive chronic carriage.

关键词： Hepatitis B Virus Virological Profile Cirrhosis

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黑颈鹅

野生动物学报 2021年第4期42卷 F0004-F0004页

作者：色拥军(摄影) 不详