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Biomaterial engineering strategies for modeling the Bruch's membrane in age-related macular degeneration

Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2626-2636页

作者： bla.ca.molins Andrea Rodríguez Víctor Llorenç Alfredo Adán Group of Ocular Inflammation:Clinical and Experimental Studies Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques AgustíPi I Sunyer(IDIBAPS)BarcelonaSpain Institut Clínic d’Oftalmologia(ICOF) Hospital Clínic BarcelonaSpain

Age-related macular degeneration,a multifactorial inflammatory degenerative retinal disease,ranks as the leading cause of blindness in the ***,there is a scarcity of curative therapies,especially for the atrophic advanced form of age-related macular degeneration,likely due to the lack of models able to fully recapitulate the native structure of the outer blood retinal barrier,the prime to rget tissue of age-related macular *** in vitro systems rely on 2D monocultures unable to adequately reproduce the structure and function of the outer blood retinal barrier,integrated by the dynamic interaction of the retinal pigment epithelium,the Bruch's membrane,and the underlying *** Bruch's membrane provides structu ral and mechanical support and regulates the molecular trafficking in the outer blood retinal barrier,and therefo re adequate Bruch's membrane-mimics are key for the development of physiologically relevant models of the outer blood retinal barrie *** the last years,advances in the field of biomaterial engineering have provided novel approaches to mimic the Bruch's membrane from a variety of *** review provides a discussion of the integrated properties and function of outer blood retinal barrier components in healt hy and age-related macular degeneration status to understand the requirements to adequately fabricate Bruch's membrane biomimetic ***,we discuss novel materials and techniques to fabricate Bruch's membrane-like scaffolds for age-related macular degeneration in vitro modeling,discussing their advantages and challenges with a special focus on the potential of Bruch's membrane-like mimics based on decellularized tissue.

关键词： age-related macular degeneration Bruch's membrane decellularization retinal pigment epithelium scaffold

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Game changer:How Janus kinase inhibitors are reshaping the landscape of ulcerative colitis mana

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第35期30卷 3942-3953页

作者： Antonio M caballero-Mateos Guillermo Arturo cañadas-de la Fuente Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology San Cecilio University HospitalGranada 18014Spain Department of Nursing Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of GranadaGranada 18004Spain

Recent advancements in the treatment landscape of ulcerative colitis(UC)have ushered in a new era of possibilities,particularly with the introduction of Janus kinase(JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription *** novel agents offer a paradigm shift in UC management by targeting key signaling pathways involved in inflammatory *** approved JAK inhibitors(JAKis),such as tofacitinib,filgotinib,and upadacitinib,clinicians now have powerful tools to modulate immune responses and gene expression,potentially revolutionizing the treatment algorithm for *** trials have demonstrated the efficacy of JAKis in inducing and maintaining remission,presenting viable options for patients who have failed conventional ***-world data support the use of JAKis not only as first-line treatments but also in subsequent lines of therapy,particularly in patients with aggressive disease phenotypes or refractory to biologic *** rapid onset of action and potency of JAKis have broadened the possibilities in the management strategies of UC,offering timely relief for patients with active disease and facilitating personalized treatment *** safety concerns,including cardiovascular risks and infections,ongoing research and post-marketing surveillance will continue to refine our understanding of the risk-benefit profile of JAKis in UC management.

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Janus kinase inhibitors Filgotinib Tofacitinib Upadacitinib

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Structural Foundation and Geometry of the Material Singularity (and Its Quantum Entanglement)

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Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology 2024年第3期10卷 1095-1137页

作者： Rafael cañete Mesa Independent Researcher Seville Spain

In this paper we develop and study, as the second part of one more general development, the energy transmutation equation for the material singularity, previously obtained through the symmetrisation of a wave packet, that is, we develop the correlation between the terms of this equation, which accounts for the formation of matter from a previous vibrational state, and the different possible energy species. These energetic species are ascribed, in a simplified form, to the equation E¯ω=E¯k+E¯f, which allows us, through its associated phase factor, to gain an insight into the wave character of the kinetic energy and thus to attain the basis of the matter-wave, and all sorts of related phenomenologies, including that concerning quantum entanglement. The formation of the matter was previously identified as an energetic process, analogous to the kinetic one, in which finally the inertial mass is consolidated as a mass in a different phase, now, in addition, the mass of the material singularity is identified as a volumetric density of waves of toroidal geometry created in the process of singularisation or energy transfer between species, which makes it possible to establish the real relation or correspondence between the corpuscular and photonic energy equation (E=mc2=hν), i.e. to explain through m the intimate sense of the first equivalence, which explains what νis in the second one.

关键词： Standard Model Wave-Packet Material Singularity Wave-Particle Dualism Wave Symmetrisation Matter-Wave Energetic Transmutation Quantum Entanglement

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Assessment of CO_(2)storage prospect based on physical properties of Rio Bonito Formation rock units

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第1期5卷 321-330页

作者： Richardson M.Abraham-A Stephanie San Martín cañas Isabella F.S.Miranda Colombo C.G.Tassinari Institute of Energy and Environment(IEE) University of São Paulo(USP)Brazil Research Centre for Greenhouse Gas Innovation(RCGI) University of Sãao Paulo(USP)Brazil

The physical properties of the rock units associated with the Rio Bonito Formation are presented in this study with the focus on modelling reservoir quality based on petrophysics-derived parameters to evaluate CO_(2)storage *** involves the modelling of the reservoir depths,thicknesses,flow zone indicators(FZI),and effective permeability(Keff)and presenting the CO_(2)storage efficiency factors peculiar to the rock units of the study *** results presented by this study for the stated objectives are not quite common in the *** values range from 200 mD to higher than 2000 mD,and FZI values are generally above 1.0 mm and up to 13.0 mm within the portions covered by the drilled *** sandstone units recorded are up to 20 m thick in some *** Keff and FZI models indicate the sandstone reservoirs as permeable units to support the injection and circulation of CO_(2)within the potential reservoir units of the Rio Bonio Formation across São Paulo *** from some points in the southeastern part of the study location,where the Rio Bonito are delineated at depths less than 800 m(minimum CO_(2)storage depth based on best practices),other portions are deeper,ranging from 950 m to 3500 ***-bedded layers will affect the integrity of the rocks as CO_(2)storage tanks or reservoir seals/traps/overburden within the *** bed thicknesses are up to 20 m in some ***,hybrid CO_(2)reservoir units are feasible,especially in portions where thin siltstone layers are sandwiched between sandstone units to provide considerable thicknesses based on CO_(2)storage *** current study shows that useable areas considering reservoir thickness,depth,and other physical qualities will significantly control the CO_(2)storage efficiency of the study *** studies featuring a detailed geophysical exploration of the site to confirm the availability and saturations of preexisting fluid(hydrocarbon and water)are encouraged

关键词： Rio Bonito Effective permeability Fluid transmissibility CO_(2)storage prospect Reservoir quality Overburden integrity Flow zones

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Tri-axial accelerometry allows to determine parental food provisioning behaviour in a marine bird

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Avian Research 2024年第3期 345-351页

作者： Monserrat Del ca?o Flavio Quintana Giacomo Dell'Omo Agustina Gómez-Laich Instituto de Biología de Organismos Marinos (IBIOMAR) CONICET Departamento de Ecología Genética y Evolución (EGE) and Instituto de Ecología Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA) CONICET Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires Pabellón Ⅱ Ciudad Universitaria

The study of parental food provisioning is essential for understanding the breeding ecology of birds. We conducted the first study using accelerometry to detect food provisioning in birds, using Support Vector Machine(SVM) models to identify when adults feed chicks of three different age classes. Accelerometers were attached to the head of adult female Imperial Shags(Leucocarbo atriceps), and various attributes derived from the acceleration signals were used to train SVM models for each chick age class. Model performance improved with chick age class, with SVM models achieving high overall accuracy(>88%) and highest sensitivity in older chick categories(>91%). However, precision values, especially for younger chicks, remained relatively low(between 26% and 45%). The application of a time filter based on the minimum duration of the observed food provisioning behaviours for each chick age category, improved model performance by reducing false provisioning behaviours, particularly in the model for older chicks, which showed the highest precision(72.4%). This study highlights the effectiveness of accelerometry and machine learning in studying parental food provisioning in birds, providing a rapid and accurate data collection method to complement traditional techniques. The described methodology can be applied to any bird species that exhibits distinctive movements while feeding its offspring and has suitable characteristics for attaching an accelerometer to the body part that best captures this movement. Finally, it is hoped that the results of this study will contribute to future research on key questions in parental investment theory and reproductive strategies in birds.

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PCR-HRM for Genomic Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2: A Variant Detection Tool in Côte d’Ivoire, West Africa

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2024年第3期14卷 166-185页

作者： Aboubacar Sylla Solange Kakou-Ngazoa Tata Gniré Safiatou Coulibaly Yakoura Karidja Ouattara Mireille Sylvie Kouamé-Sina Zeinab Ouattara David Ngolo Coulibaly Brice Kouakou bla Mireille Dosso Molecular Biology Platform Pasteur Institute Cte dIvoire Abidjan Cte dIvoire Laboratory of Biology and Health UFR Biosciences University Flix Houphout Boigny Abidjan Cte dIvoire Genetic and cancer Laboratory Molecular Genetics Platform Pasteur Institute Cte dIvoire Abidjan Cte dIvoire Epidemic Virus Department Pasteur Institute Cte dIvoire Abidjan Cte dIvoire

The rise of new viruses, like SARS-CoV-2 causing the COVID-19 outbreak, along with the return of antibiotic resistance in harmful bacteria, demands a swift and efficient reaction to safeguard the health and welfare of the global population. It is crucial to have effective measures for prevention, intervention, and monitoring in place to address these evolving and recurring risks, ensuring public health and international security. In countries with limited resources, utilizing recombinant mutation plasmid technology in conjunction with PCR-HRM could help differentiate the existence of novel variants. cDNA synthesis was carried out on 8 nasopharyngeal samples following viral RNA extraction. The P1 segment of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike S protein was amplified via conventional PCR. Subsequently, PCR products were ligated with the pGEM-T Easy vector to generate eight recombinant SARS-CoV-2 plasmids. Clones containing mutations were sequenced using Sanger sequencing and analyzed through PCR-HRM. The P1 segment of the S gene from SARS-CoV-2 was successfully amplified, resulting in 8 recombinant plasmids generated from the 231 bp fragment. PCR-HRM analysis of these recombinant plasmids differentiated three variations within the SARS-CoV-2 plasmid population, each displaying distinct melting temperatures. Sanger sequencing identified mutations A112C, G113T, A114G, G214T, and G216C on the P1 segment, validating the PCR-HRM findings of the variations. These mutations led to the detection of L452R or L452M and F486V protein mutations within the protein sequence of the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2. In summary, PCR-HRM is a vital and affordable tool for distinguishing SARS-CoV-2 variants utilizing recombinant plasmids as controls.

关键词： Genomic Surveillance SARS-CoV-2 PCR-HRM Variants Côte d’Ivoire

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Assessment of programmed death-ligand 1 expression in primary tumors and paired lymph node metastases of gastric adenocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第3期16卷 883-893页

作者： Brendha cação Coimbra Marina Alessandra Pereira Leonardo cardili Venancio Avancini Ferreira Alves Evandro Sobroza de Mello Ulysses Ribeiro Jr Marcus Fernando Kodama Pertille Ramos Department of Gastroenterology Instituto do CancerHospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São PauloFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de São PauloSão Paulo 01246000Brazil Department of Pathology Instituto do CancerHospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São PauloSão Paulo 01246000Brazil

BACKGROUND Anti-programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand 1(PD-1/PD-L1)immuno-therapy has demonstrated promising results on gastric cancer(GC).However,PD-L1 can express differently between metastatic sites and primary tumors(PT).AIM To compare PD-L1 status in PT and matched lymph node metastases(LNM)of GC patients and to determine the correlation between the PD-L1 status and clinicopathological *** We retrospectively reviewed 284 GC patients who underwent ***-L1 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry(clone SP142)using the com-bined positive *** PD-L1+PT staged as pN+were also tested for PD-L1 expression in their ***-L1(-)GC with pN+served as the comparison *** Among 284 GC patients included,45 had PD-L1+PT and 24 of them had pN+.For comparison,44 PD-L1(-)cases with pN+were included(sample loss of 4 cases).Of the PD-L1+PT,54.2%(13/24 cases)were also PD-L1+in the *** PD-L1(-)PT,9.1%(4/44)had PD-L1+in the *** agreement between PT and LNM had a kappa value of *** tumor size and moderate/severe peritumoral inflammatory response were associated with PD-L1 positivity in both *** was no statistical difference in overall survival for PT and LNM according to the PD-L1 status(P=0.166 and P=0.837,respectively).CONCLUSION Intra-patient heterogeneity in PD-L1 expression was observed between the PT and matched *** disagreement in PD-L1 status may emphasize the importance of considering different tumor sites for analyses to select patients for immunotherapy.

关键词： Gastric cancer Lymph node Programmed death ligand 1 Stomach neoplasms Immunohistochemistry Metastasis

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Sea Cucumber Fishery in Aurora, Philippines

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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第2期14卷 101-113页

作者： Maria Cristina B. cañada Michelle A. Resueño Eusebio V. Angara Department of Forestry and Environmental Sciences Aurora State College of Technology Baler Aurora Philippines

This study was conducted to provide a preliminary assessment of the sea cucumber fishery in Aurora, Philippines. This was conducted from February to June 2013. All sea cucumber gatherers and traders, obtained through snowball sampling, in each identified sea cucumber fishery area in six coastal municipalities (Baler, Dipaculao, Dinalungan, casiguran, Dilasag and Dingalan) were interviewed using a structured interview schedule and focused group discussions (FGD). Results revealed that gathering sea cucumbers were accomplished by handpicking, skin diving or compressor diving. A total of 15 commercial species were regularly gathered. Out of this, three species are of very high economic value (≥Php 4000/kg) (Holothuria nobilis, Holothuria scabra, and Actinopyga lecanora). The average number of kilograms harvested per hour per trip ranges from 0.21 (Holothuria fuscopunctata) to 2.71 (Holothuria scabra), while the average size of commonly gathered sea cucumber varies among species with Holothuria lecanora showed an average length (29.26 cm) greater than recorded 24 cm. Processing mainly involves washing, slicing, boiling, drying and packing. Processed sea cucumbers or trepan were sold to middlemen or direct buyers who usually offered higher prices (36.36% up to 69.20%) than the former. Problems encountered by sea cucumber gatherers and traders include a decline in total catch, a shift in area of collection from intertidal zones to deeper waters, an increase in the number of hours spent in finding and gathering sea cucumbers, the use of compressors in gathering, the decline of larger species and gathering of smaller sizes in huge amount, the absence of conservation program for sea cucumber, and the lenient implementation of government policies with regards to coastal resources management.

关键词： Assessment Sea Cucumber Trepang Fishery

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Efficient and reversible separation of NH_(3) by deep eutectic solvents with multiple active sites and low viscosities

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第3期67卷 97-105页

作者： Jiayin Zhang Lu Zheng Siqi Fang Hongwei Zhang Zhenping cai Kuan Huang Lilong Jiang National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer catalyst(NERC-CFC) College of Chemical EngineeringFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350002China Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory Quanzhou 362801China

The efficient separation and collection of ammonia(NH_(3))during NH_(3) synthesis process is essential to improve the economic efficiency and protect the *** this work,ethanolammonium hydrochloride(EtOHACl)and phenol(PhOH)were used to prepare a novel class of deep eutectic solvents(DESs)with multiple active sites and low *** NH_(3) separation performance of EtOHACl+PhOH DESs was analyzed *** is figured out that the NH_(3) absorption rates in EtOHACl+PhOH DESs are very *** NH_(3) absorption capacities are very high and reach up to 5.52 and 10.74 mol·kg1 at 11.2 and 100.4 kPa under 298.2 K,*** addition,the EtOHACl+PhOH DESs present highly selective absorption of NH_(3) over N_(2) and H_(2) and good regenerative properties after seven cycles of absorption/*** intrinsic separation mechanism of NH_(3) by EtOHACl+PhOH DESs was further revealed by spectroscopic analysis and quantum chemistry calculations.

关键词： Separation Absorption Ionic liquid Deep eutectic solvent Multiple active site Low viscosity

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梯度弹性的虚拟单元公式

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2023年第4期39卷 84-96页

作者： Peter Wriggers blaž Hudobivnik Institute for Continuum Mechanics Leibniz Universität HannoverHannoverGermany

虚拟单元法在过去十年中得到了发展,并应用于固体力学中的问题.目前已使用了不同的公式来解释该方法的顺序和稳定性,并应用到包括弹性和非弹性材料以及压裂过程的多种问题中.本文利用虚拟单元法固有的可能性,以简单有效的方式,建立C^(1... 详细信息

虚拟单元法在过去十年中得到了发展,并应用于固体力学中的问题.目前已使用了不同的公式来解释该方法的顺序和稳定性,并应用到包括弹性和非弹性材料以及压裂过程的多种问题中.本文利用虚拟单元法固有的可能性,以简单有效的方式,建立C^(1)连续的弹性函数,研究固体高梯度弹性理论的虚拟单元公式.

关键词：虚拟单元弹性理论弹性材料弹性函数固体力学高梯度

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