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The acceleration of a high-charge electron bunch to 10 GeV in a 10-cm nanoparticle-assisted wakefield accelerator

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matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第1期9卷 15-24页

作者： Constantin Aniculaesei Thanh Ha Samuel Yoffe Lance Labun Stephen milton Edward mcCary michael m.Spinks Hernan j.Quevedo Ou Z.Labun Ritwik Sain Andrea Hannasch Rafal Zgadzaj Isabella Pagano jose A.Franco-Altamirano martin L.Ringuette Erhart Gaul Scott V.Luedtke Ganesh Tiwari Bernhard Ersfeld Enrico Brunetti Hartmut Ruhl Todd Ditmire Sandra Bruce michael E.Donovan michael C.Downer Dino A.jaroszynski bjorn manuel Hegelich University of Texas at Austin AustinTexas 78712USA SUPA Department of Physics University of StrathclydeGlasgowScotland G4 ONGUnited Kingdom Tau Systems Inc.AustinTexas 78701USA Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCalifornia 94550USA Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNew Mexico 87545USA Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNew York 11973USA Ludwig-maximilians-Universität MunichGermany

An intense laser pulse focused onto a plasma can excite nonlinear plasma *** appropriate conditions,electrons from the background plasma are trapped in the plasma wave and accelerated to ultra-relativistic *** scheme is called a laser wakefield *** this work,we present results from a laser wakefield acceleration experiment using a petawatt-class laser to excite the wakefields as well as nanoparticles to assist the injection of electrons into the accelerating phase of the *** find that a 10-cm-long,nanoparticle-assisted laser wakefield accelerator can generate 340 pC,10±1.86 GeV electron bunches with a 3.4 GeV rms convolved energy spread and a 0.9 mrad rms *** can also produce bunches with lower energies in the 4–6 GeV range.

关键词： acceleration nanoparticle charge

Artificial intelligence for characterization of diminutive colorectal polyps:A feasibility study comparing two computer-aided diagnosis systems

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Artificial Intelligence in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第1期5卷 11-22页

作者： Quirine Eunice Wennie van der Zander Ramon m Schreuder Ayla Thijssen Carolus H j Kusters Nikoo Dehghani Thom Scheeve bjorn Winkens mirjam C m van der Ende-van Loon Peter H N de With Fons van der Sommen Ad A m masclee Erik j Schoon Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Maastricht University Medical CenterMaastricht 6202 AZNetherlands GROW School for Oncology and ReproductionMaastricht UniversityMaastricht 6200 MDNetherlands Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Catharina Hospital EindhovenEindhoven 5602 ZANetherlands Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven 5600 MBNetherlands Department of methodology and Statistics Maastricht UniversityPostbus 6166200 MD MaastrichtNetherlands School for Public Health and Primary Care Maastricht UniversityMaastricht 6200 MDNetherlands

BACKGROUND Artificial intelligence(AI)has potential in the optical diagnosis of colorectal *** To evaluate the feasibility of the real-time use of the computer-aided diagnosis system(CADx)AI for ColoRectal Polyps(AI4CRP)for the optical diagnosis of diminutive colorectal polyps and to compare the performance with CAD EYE^(Tm)(Fujifilm,Tokyo,japan).CADx influence on the optical diagnosis of an expert endoscopist was also *** AI4CRP was developed in-house and CAD EYE was proprietary software provided by *** CADxsystems exploit convolutional neural *** polyps were characterized as benign or premalignant and histopathology was used as gold ***4CRP provided an objective assessment of its characterization by presenting a calibrated confidence characterization value(range 0.0-1.0).A predefined cut-off value of 0.6 was set with valuesmalignant colorectal *** confidence characterizations were defined as values 40%around the cut-off value of 0.6(0.76).Self-critical AI4CRP’s diagnostic performances excluded low confidence *** AI4CRP use was feasible and performed on 30 patients with 51 colorectal ***-critical AI4CRP,excluding 14 low confidence characterizations[27.5%(14/51)],had a diagnostic accuracy of 89.2%,sensitivity of 89.7%,and specificity of 87.5%,which was higher compared to *** EYE had a 83.7%diagnostic accuracy,74.2%sensitivity,and 100.0%*** performances of the endoscopist alone(before AI)increased nonsignificantly after reviewing the CADx characterizations of both AI4CRP and CAD EYE(AI-assisted endoscopist).Diagnostic performances of the AI-assisted endoscopist were higher compared to both CADx-systems,except for specificity for which CAD EYE performed *** Real-time use of AI4CRP was *** confidence values provided by a CADx is novel and self-critical AI4CRP sho

关键词： Artificial intelligence Colorectal polyp characterization Computer aided diagnosis Diminutive colorectal polyps Optical diagnosis Self-critical artificial intelligence

Analysis of mesoscale effects in high-shear granulation through a computational fluid dynamics-population balance coupled compartment model

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Particuology 2018年第1期16卷 1-12页

作者： P.j. Abrahamsson P. Kvist G. Reynolds X. Yu I. Niklasson bjorn m.j. Hounslow A. Rasmuson Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Chalmers University of Technology SE-412 96 Gothenburg Sweden Pharmaceutical Development AstraZeneca Macclesfield SK10 2NA UK European Bioenergy Research Institute (EBRI) School of Engineering and Applied Science Aston University Birmingham B4 7ET UK AstraZeneca Pharmaceutical and Analytical R&D Molndal SE-431 83 Moldnal Sweden Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Sheffield Sheffield SI 3JD UK

There is a need for mesoscale resolution and coupling between flow-field information and the evolution of particle properties in high-shear granulation. We have developed a modelling framework that com- partmentalizes the high-shear granulation process based on relevant process parameters in time and space. The model comprises a coupled-flow-field and population-balance solver and is used to resolve and analyze the effects of mesoscales on the evolution of particle properties. A Diosna high-shear mixer was modelled with microcrystalline cellulose powder as the granulation material. An analysis of the flow-field solution and compartmentalization allows for a resolution of the stress and collision peak at the impeller blades. Different compartmentalizations showed the importance of resolving the impeller region, for aggregating systems and systems with breakage. An independent study investigated the time evolution of the flow field by changing the particle properties in three discrete steps that represent pow- der mixing, the initial granulation stage mixing and the late stage granular mixing. The results of the temporal resolution study show clear changes in collision behavior, especially from powder to granular mixing, which indicates the importance of resolving mesoscale phenomena in time and space.

关键词： High-shear wet granulation Population-balance model Compartment model Computational fluid dynamics

全球气候变化对北极海洋生态系统持久性有机污染物和汞途径及暴露的生态影响研究

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Current Zoology 2015年第4期61卷 617-628页

作者： melissa A. mCKINNEY Sara PEDRO Rune DIETZ Christian SONNE Aaron T. FISK Denis ROY bjorn m. jENSSEN Robert j. LETCHER Department of Natural Resources and the Environment University of Connecticut Storrs CT 06269 USA Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering University of Connecticut Storrs CT 06269 USA Department of Bioscience Arctic Research Centre Aarhus University Roskilde DK-4000 Denmark Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research University of Windsor Windsor ON N9B 3P4 Canada Department of Biology Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim NO-7491 Norway Wildlife and Landscape Science Directorate Science and Technology Branch Environment Canada National Wildlife Research Centre Carleton University Ottawa ON K1A 0H3 Canada

生物累积性和生物放大污染物，如持久性有机污染物（POPs）和汞（Hg），数十年来一直被公认为在北极海洋生物健康的关注。近年来，全球气候变化（GCC）和北极海冰相关损失已观察到驱动大幅改变北极生态系统。本文综述了研究记录的经验... 详细信息

生物累积性和生物放大污染物，如持久性有机污染物（POPs）和汞（Hg），数十年来一直被公认为在北极海洋生物健康的关注。近年来，全球气候变化（GCC）和北极海冰相关损失已观察到驱动大幅改变北极生态系统。本文综述了研究记录的经验之间的联系GCC诱导的流行和在北极海洋生态系统的汞暴露和通路的生态变化和改变。大多数的研究报道在流行或汞浓度变化与GCC引起的物种营养相互作用的变化组织。这些研究通常集中在阿舞的角色变化，栖息地的范围或接近猎物，尤其是在与海冰变化。然而，生态变化，重新适应污染物的趋势变化往往是不清楚或假定。其他的研究已经成功地使用化学示踪剂，如稳定的氮和碳同位素比值和脂肪酸签名连接这样的生态变化，污染物水平的变化或趋势。较低的海冰与饮食变化/变异与较高的污染水平在一些不同的北极熊，以及相关的环斑海豹，和厚嘴默，但改变营养相互作用影响的流行水平和趋势的大小和方向的变化很大。我们建议在这一新领域的GCC链接ECOTOX -生态学的重点应该放在配套的生态指标与流行和汞的研究常规分析未来的研究，同时考虑了GCC和污染物的相互作用可能发生的多种机制，并有针对性地研究变化的暴露和毒性的物种称为敏感的GCC和污染物[现行生态61（4）：617-628，2015 ]。

关键词：持久性有机污染物海洋生态系统全球气候变化生态影响北极海汞浓度生态变化相互作用

Phased,chromosome-scale genome assemblies of tetraploid potato reveal a complex genome,transcriptome,and predicted proteome landscape underpinning genetic diversity

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molecular Plant 2022年第3期15卷 520-536页

作者： Genevieve Hoopes Xiaoxi meng john P.Hamilton Sai Reddy Achakkagari Fernanda de Alves Freitas Guesdes marie E.Bolger joseph j.Coombs Danny Esselink Natalie R.Kaiser Linda Kodde maria Kyriakidou Brian Lavrijssen Natascha van Lieshout Rachel Shereda Heather K.Tuttle Brieanne Vaillancourt joshua C.Wood jan mde Boer Nolan Bornowski Peter Bourke David Douches Herman jvan Eck Dave Ellis max j.Feldman Kyle m.Gardner johannes C.P.Hopman jiming jiang Walter S.De jong joseph C.Kuhl Richard G.Novy Stan Oome Vidyasagar Sathuvalli Ek Han Tan Remco A.Ursum m.Isabel Vales Kelly Vining Richard G.F.Visser jack Vossen G.Craig Yencho Noelle L.Anglin Christian W.B.Bachem jeffrey B.Endelman Laura m.Shannon martina V.Stromvik Helen H.Tai bjorn Usadel C.Robin Buell Richard Finkers Department of Plant Biology Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of Horticultural Science University of MinnesotaSt.PaulMN 55108USA Department of Plant Science McGill UniversitySainte-Anne-de-BellevueQC H9X 3V9Canada Plant Breeding Wageningen University&ResearchPlant Breeding6708 PB Wageningenthe Netherlands IBG-4 Bioinformatics Forschungszentrum JülichWilhelm Johnen Str52428 JülichGermany Department of Plant Soiland Microbial SciencesMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Bayer Crop Science WoodlandCA 95695USA Averis Seeds B.V. 9640 AA Veendamthe Netherlands International Potato Center 1895 Avenida La MolinaLimaPeru USDA-ARS ProsserWA 99350USA Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Fredericton Research and Development Centre FrederictonNB E3B 4Z7Canada School of Integrative Plant Science Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853-1901USA Department of Plant Sciences University of IdahoMoscowID 83844USA USDA-ARS Small Grains and Potato Germplasm ResearchAberdeenID 83210USA HZPC Research B.V. Edisonweg 58501 XG Jourethe Netherlands Department of Crop and Soil Science Oregon State UniversityHermistonOR 97838USA School of Biology and Ecology University of Maine5735 Hitchner Hall OronoME 04469USA Department of Horticultural Sciences Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843-2133USA Department of Horticulture Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA Department of Horticultural Science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695-7609USA Department of Horticulture University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Horticulture Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Institute for Biological Data Science Heinrich Heine UniversityDusseldorf40225 DusseldorfGermany Plant Resilience Institute Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Present address:GenNovation B.V. Wageningenthe Netherlands

Cultivated potato is a clonally propagated autotetraploid species with a highly heterogeneous *** assemblies of six cultivars including two chromosome-scale phased genome assemblies revealed extensive allelic diversity,including altered coding and transcript sequences,preferential allele expression,and structural variation that collectively result in a highly complex transcriptome and predicted proteome,which are distributed across the homologous *** species contribute to the extensive allelic diversity in tetraploid cultivars,demonstrating ancestral introgressions predating modern breeding *** a clonally propagated autotetraploid that undergoes limited meiosis,dysfunctional and deleterious alleles are not purged in tetraploid *** a quarter of the loci bore mutations are predicted to have a high negative impact on protein function,complicating breeder’s efforts to reduce genetic *** StCDF1 locus controls maturity,and analysis of six tetraploid genomes revealed that 12 allelic variants of StCDF1 are correlated with maturity in a dosage-dependent *** of the complexity of the tetraploid potato genome with its rampant structural variation and embedded deleterious and dysfunctional alleles will be key not only to implementing precision breeding of tetraploid cultivars but also to the construction of homozygous,diploid potato germplasm containing favorable alleles to capitalize on heterosis in F1 hybrids.

关键词： potato allele diversity phased assembly polyploid pan-genome wild introgressions

矿井瓦斯/空气预混气体爆燃的激光纹影测试系统设计

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光学精密工程 2019年第5期27卷 1045-1051页

作者：胡洋尹尚先 ARNTZENj.Bj?rn 朱建芳李雪冰华北科技学院安全工程学院卑尔根大学

为了准确地获取矿井瓦斯/空气预混气体爆燃流场的内部微观结构信息,能够从基元反应层面认识爆燃流场的演化过程以及惰性介质阻燃剂抑制作用的机理,在已经建成的中尺度激波管道上继续搭建高速激光纹影测试系统,结合实验室几何空间约束条... 详细信息

为了准确地获取矿井瓦斯/空气预混气体爆燃流场的内部微观结构信息,能够从基元反应层面认识爆燃流场的演化过程以及惰性介质阻燃剂抑制作用的机理,在已经建成的中尺度激波管道上继续搭建高速激光纹影测试系统,结合实验室几何空间约束条件,提出纹影测试系统'Z'字型光路的设计方案。以激光纹影系统代替传统的压力火焰测试系统,将爆燃流场的研究重心从宏观的单一点源信息向微观的多重结构信息转化。研究表明,在60,100,125,212ms时火焰阵面的化学反应变强,伴随着产生了冲击波,在75ms左右火焰发生断裂,该点处的压力下降,325ms火焰阵面扫过该测点以后,压力迅速下降。该结果为寻求预混气体爆燃高速摄影、压力火焰速度测试手段之外的方法提供了新的研究思路。

关键词：激光纹影激波管光路设计瓦斯爆燃阻燃抑爆

Aboveground litterfall in Eurasian forests

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journal of Forestry Research 2003年第1期14卷 27-34页

作者： LIUChun-jiang Hannullvesniemi BjomBerg WemerKutsch YANGYu-sheng mAXiang-qing Carlj.Westman EcologyCenter UniversityofKielSchauenburgerstr.112DE-24118KieiGermany DepartmentofForestEcology UniversityofHelsinkiFIN-00014HelsinkiFintand DepartmentofSoilEcology P.O.Box101251BITOEKUniversityofBayreuthDE-95440BayreuthGermany EcologyCenter UniversityofKielSchauenburgerstr.112DE-24118KielGermany DepartmentofForestry FujianAgricultureandForestryUniversity353001NanpingFujianP.R.China

With a data set of Eurasian forest litter fall based on 471 stands,annual litterfall was estimated to be 6.53Pg dm·a^-1 (1Pg=10^15g;dm,dry matter)in Eurasian forests,of which more than half occurred in tropical and subtropical forests,and a third in the boreal *** litterfall,around 2.94Pg C per year is transferred from the forest vegetation to the soil on this continent.

关键词：欧亚森林森林枯落物碳循环森林生态系统

明胶酶A、B在脐血CD_(34)^+细胞及部分白血病细胞系中的表达

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中华血液学杂志 2003年第2期24卷 78-81页

作者：饶青耿以琪安莉莉吴克复中国医学科学院中国协和医科大学血液学研究所天津300020

目的　研究骨髓及脐血CD34+ 细胞及白血病细胞系的明胶酶 ,即基质金属蛋白酶 9(mmP 9,明胶酶B)和基质金属蛋白酶 2 (mmP 2 ,明胶酶A)的产生 ,探讨它们在CD34+ 细胞迁移、归巢中的意义及在白血病发病中的作用。方法　通过minimACS磁珠... 详细信息

目的　研究骨髓及脐血CD34+ 细胞及白血病细胞系的明胶酶 ,即基质金属蛋白酶 9(mmP 9,明胶酶B)和基质金属蛋白酶 2 (mmP 2 ,明胶酶A)的产生 ,探讨它们在CD34+ 细胞迁移、归巢中的意义及在白血病发病中的作用。方法　通过minimACS磁珠分离技术分离脐血及骨髓的CD34+细胞 ,通过酶谱分析法测定脐血、骨髓CD34 + 细胞及白血病细胞系的无血清条件培养液中明胶酶的表达。结果　在脐血CD34+ 细胞的条件培养液中可测出相对分子质量为 92× 10 3的亮带 ,骨髓CD34+ 细胞的条件培养液中未测到亮带。部分白血病细胞系U937、KG 1a、HL 6 0可产生相对分子质量为 92×10 3和 72× 10 3的亮带 ,j6 1、j6 2细胞系可产生相对分子质量为 92× 10 3的亮带 ,而HEL、Namalva、CEm、K5 6 2、LCL H不产生亮带。结论　脐血CD34+ 细胞可产生mmP 9,而骨髓CD34+ 细胞不产生 ,脐血CD34+ 细胞具有较强的穿透基底膜的迁移能力并与mmP 9相关。在白血病细胞系中 ,部分髓系白血病细胞系产生mmP 9和mmP 2 ,而非髓系白血病细胞系不产生。

关键词：明胶酶A 脐血 CD34^细胞白血病细胞系明胶酶B

2010女性急性单纯性膀胱炎和肾盂肾炎临床治疗指南(摘译)

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转化医学杂志 2016年第2期5卷 112-116页

作者：刘辉(译) 刘树元(译) kalpana gupta thomas m.hooton richard colgan loren g.miller gregory j.moran anthony j.schaeffer david e.soper lindsay e.nicolle kurt g.naber bjorn wullt raul raz 海军总医院急诊科北京100048 department of medicine veterans affairs boston health care system and boston university school of medicinebostonmassa-chusetts department of medicine university of miami miller school of medicineuniversity of miami miami florida department of family and community medicine university of marylandbaltimoremaryland division of infectious diseases harbor-ucla medical centertorrance department of emergency medicine and division of infectious diseases olive view-ucla medical center slymarcalifornia department of urology northwestern universitychicagoillinois department of obstetrics and gynecology and medicine medical university of south carolinacharlestonsouth carolina department of internal medicine and department of medical mirobiology university of manitoba winnipegcanada technical university of munich munichgermany lund university hospital lundsweden infectious diseases unit ha’emek medical centerafulaand rappaport faculty of medicinetechnionhaifaisrael

美国感染病学会、欧洲临床微生物与感染病学会共同组织专家对1999年美国感染病学会单纯性尿路感染的指南进行了更新。2010指南更新的重点是治疗女性急性单纯性膀胱炎和肾盂肾炎,仅适用于无已知尿道畸形或合并症的绝经前及未妊娠的女性... 详细信息

美国感染病学会、欧洲临床微生物与感染病学会共同组织专家对1999年美国感染病学会单纯性尿路感染的指南进行了更新。2010指南更新的重点是治疗女性急性单纯性膀胱炎和肾盂肾炎,仅适用于无已知尿道畸形或合并症的绝经前及未妊娠的女性患者。作者就指南的主要内容进行摘译。

关键词：单纯性膀胱炎肾盂肾炎指南女性