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Production of Bio-Phenols for Industrial Application:Scale-Up of the Base-Catalyzed Depolymerization of Lignin

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Green and Sustainable Chemistry 2017年第3期7卷 193-202页

作者： bjorn Roвiger Robert Rover Gerd Unkelbach Daniela Pufky-Heinrich Fraunhofer Center for Chemical-Biotechnological Processes(CBP) LeunaGermany

Objective of this study was the investigation on the up-scaling of base-catalyzed depolymerization (BCD) of lignin to pilot plant dimension. The cleavage process was carried out in dilute alkaline solution at temperatures up to 340°C and a pressure of 25 MPa in a continuously operated tubular flow reactor with throughputs up to 20 kg/h. Investigations included the proof of the feasibility of the scale-up as well as a parameter study on the cleavage of hardwood Organosolv lignin and softwood Kraft lignin within the established pilot plant. Yields and molecular compositions of the isolated product fractions BCD-oil (liquid phenolic fraction) and BCD-oligomers (solid phenolic fraction) are similar to those described in technical lab scale, showing a good scalability. Here, BCD-oils rich in phenolic monomers such as guaiacol, catechol and/or syringol were obtained with a content of up to 13.3 wt% and 14.5 wt% from Organosolv lignin and Kraft lignin, respectively. Formation of BCD-oligomers strongly depends on temperature and residence times within the reactor.

关键词： Lignin Base-Catalyzed Depolymerization Phenolic Monomers Phenolic Oligomers

Mindfulness and Aerobic Exercise as an Intervention for Cognitive Dysfunction Following an Acquired Brain Injury: A Pilot Study

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Open Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 2019年第1期7卷 12-24页

作者： Lovisa Hellgren Anna Lundqvist bjorn Borsbo Richard Levi Kersti Samuelsson Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Region Jonkoping CountyJonkopingSweden Department of Medical and Health Sciences Linkoping UniversityLinköpingSweden Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Linkoping UniversityLinkopingSweden

Background: Cognitive impairments as sequelae of brain injury are common and can negatively affect activities of everyday life, participation and quality of life. Thus, finding ways to reduce cognitive impairments and ameliorate their negative impact on everyday life is an important focus of research. Aim: The aim of this pilot study was to analyse the effects of a combination of guided mindfulness and aerobic exercise on cognitive ability and mental fatigue in patients with acquired brain injury (ABI). Design: Pilot study, with a before-after design. Setting: Outpatient. Population: Twenty-one patients suffering from ABI, former patients of three rehabilitation medicine departments. Methods: The intervention comprised a structured combination of guided mindfulness program and outdoor walking, three times/week for 12 weeks. The outcome measures included assessment of information processing speed, working memory, oxygen uptake and self-reported mental fatigue. Results: The main results showed improvements in cognitive abilities related to information processing speed, perceived mental fatigue and physical capacity. Conclusions: A combination of mindfulness and physical activity can increase information processing speed and ameliorate mental fatigue. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings. Clinical Rehabilitation Impact: The combination of guided mindfulness and physical activity shows promise as a treatment modality in rehabilitation of impaired information processing speed and mental fatigue following ABI.

关键词： Rehabilitation Acquired Brain Injury Mental Fatigue Cognition

Testing Bifacial PV Cells in Symmetric and Asymmetric Concentrating CPC Collectors

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Engineering（科研） 2013年第1期5卷 185-190页

作者： Gomes Joao Henrik Davidsson Gruffman Christian Maston Stefan Karlsson bjorn R&D Department Solarus SunpowerAlvkarlebySweden Energy and Building Design Lund UniversityLundSweden Finsun AB AlvkarlebySweden Division of Energy Engineering Malardalen UniversityVasterasSweden

Bifacial PV cells have the capacity to produce solar electricity from both sides and, thus, amongst other advantages, allow a significantly increase both in peak and annual power output while utilizing the same amount of silicone. According to the manufacturer, the bifacial cells are around 1.3 times more expensive than the single-sided cells. This way, bifacial PV cells can effectively reduce the cost of solar power for certain applications. Today, the most common application for these cells is in stationary vertical collectors which are exposed to sunlight from both sides, as the relative position of the sun changes throughout the day. Another possible application is to utilize these cells in concentrating collectors. Three test prototypes utilizing bifacial PV cells were built. The initial two prototypes were built for indoor testing and differed only in geometry of the reflector, one being asymmetric and the other symmetric. Both prototypes were evaluated in an indoor solar simulator. Both reflector designs yielded positive electrical performance results and similar efficiencies from both sides of the cell were achieved. However, lower fill factor than expected was achieved for both designs when compared to the single cell tests. The results are discussed and suggestions for further testing are presented. A third prototype was built in order to perform outdoor evaluations. This prototype utilized a bifacial PV cells string laminated in silicone enclosed between 2 standard glass panes and a collector box with an asymmetric CPC concentrator. The prototype peak electrical efficiency and temperature dependence were evaluated. A comparison between the performance of the bottom and top sides of the asymmetric collector is also presented. Additionally, the incidence modifier angle (IAM) is also briefly discussed.

关键词： Bifacial PV cells Symmetric and asymmetric concentrating concentrators reflector geometry prototype NOCT

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火龙果、木瓜复合果醋生产工艺的研究

中国调味品 2018年第3期43卷 91-93页

作者：杜国军李志颖 bjorn L 齐齐哈尔大学黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006 齐齐哈尔大学农产品加工黑龙江省普通高校重点实验室黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006 营养协会挪威卑尔根市N-5804

以火龙果、木瓜为原料发酵生产复合型果醋,果醋最佳生产工艺条件为:火龙果汁∶木瓜汁为2∶3;酒精发酵2天,酵母接种量10%,温度26℃,糖度14%;醋酸发酵1天,温度30℃,醋酸菌接种量10%;添加400mg/L果胶酶澄清,透光率为88.51%。

关键词：火龙果木瓜酒精发酵醋酸发酵透光率

高炉出铁沟用Al_2O_3-SiC-C浇注料流动性和流动性衰减的研究

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耐火材料 2003年第3期37卷 125-127,132页

作者：陈志强何霞 bjorn Myhre 王战民 Cecilie Odegaard 周宁生埃肯国际贸易(上海)有限公司上海200121 洛阳耐火材料研究院

通过调整氧化硅微粉加入量和活性氧化铝微粉的类型 ,研究了Al2 O3-SiC -C浇注料的流动性和流动性衰减以及可工作时间的变化。结果表明 :在浇注料流动性相近的情况下 ,随着氧化硅微粉加入量的增加 ,加水量显著降低 ;浇注料的流动性与所... 详细信息

通过调整氧化硅微粉加入量和活性氧化铝微粉的类型 ,研究了Al2 O3-SiC -C浇注料的流动性和流动性衰减以及可工作时间的变化。结果表明 :在浇注料流动性相近的情况下 ,随着氧化硅微粉加入量的增加 ,加水量显著降低 ;浇注料的流动性与所引入的活性氧化铝微粉的特性密切相关 ;氧化硅微粉加入量的增加有助于延长浇注料的可工作时间 ;浇注料流动性的衰减呈现出先缓慢后迅速降低直至凝结的特点。

关键词：高炉出铁沟 A12O3—SiC—C浇注料流动性流动性衰减氧化硅微粉活性氧化铝微粉

Engine Performance and Exhaust Emissions of Peanut Oil Biodiesel

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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2013年第4期3卷 272-286页

作者： bjorn S. Santos Sergio C. Capareda Jewel A. Capunitan Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Texas A & M University College Station USA

The engine performance and exhaust emissions of biodiesel produced from peanut oil must be evaluated to assess its potential as an alternative diesel fuel. In this study, two diesel engines rated at 14.2 kW (small) and 60 kW (large) were operated on pure peanut oil biodiesel (PME) and its blends with a reference diesel (REFDIESEL). Results showed that comparable power and torque were delivered by both the small and large engines when ran on pure PME than on REFDIESEL while brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) was found to be higher in pure PME. Higher exhaust concentrations of nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon dioxide (CO2) and total hydrocarbons (THC) and lower carbon monoxide (CO) emissions were observed in the small engine when using pure PME. Lower CO2, CO and THC emissions were obtained when running the large engine with pure PME. Blends with low PME percentage showed insignificant changes in both engine performance and exhaust emissions as compared with the reference diesel. Comparison with soybean biodiesel indicates similar engine performance. Thus, blends of PME with diesel may be used as a supplemental fuel for steady-state non-road diesel engines to take advantage of the lubricity of biodiesel as well as contributing to the goal of lowering the dependence to petroleum diesel.

关键词： Biodiesel Peanut Oil Engine Performance Exhaust Emissions

The Role of Dihydroresveratrol in Enhancing the Synergistic Effect of Ligilactobacillus salivarius Liol and Resveratrol in Ameliorating Colitis in Mice

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Research 2022年第4期2022卷 223-238页

作者： Yiqiu Fei Shuobo Zhang Shengyi Han Bo Qiu Yanmeng Lu Weixing Huang Fang Li Deying Chen bjorn Berglund Hang Xiao Lanjuan Li Mingfei Yao State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesThe First Afiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003China jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory Jinan 250021China Zhejiang Tongchuang Yuecheng Health Science and Technology Co. Ltd.ShaoxingChina Cardiometabolic Genomics Program Division of CardiologyDepartment of MedicineColumbia University Irving Medical Center630W168thStPeS10-401NewYorkNY10032USA Department of Food Science University of MassachusettsAmherstMassachusetts 01003USA Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Linkoping UniversityLinkopingSweden Zhejiang University Department of Food Science and NutritionZhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food ProcessingFuli Institute of Food ScienceZhejiang R e D Center for Food Technology and EquipmentHangzhou 310058China

Currently approved therapeutical strategies for inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD)suffer from variable efficacy and association with risk of serious side ***,efforts have been made in searching for alternative therapeutics strategies utilizing gut microbiota *** this study,we show that the probiotic strain Ligilactobacillus salivarius Li01(Li01)and the phytochemical prebiotic resveratrol(RSV)have synergistic effect in ameliorating colitis in *** coadministration of Li01(109 CFU/d)and RSV(1.5 g/kg/d)promoted restoration of various inflammatory injuries and gut microbiota composition,exhibiting a favorable anti-inflammatory effect in DSS-induced colitis *** combination treatment was associated with reductions in the levels of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1βand IL-6 and increases in the levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-17A in mouse ***,the combination treatment was found to alter the composition and metabolism of the gut microbiota,especially influencing the production of short chain fatty acids and anti-inflammatory related *** mechanism underlying the improved anti-inflammatory effect from the RSV and Li01 combination treatment was found to be associated with the environmental sensor mammalian aryl hydrocarbon receptor(AHR)and tryptophan metabolism *** of RSV in combination with Li01 in different mouse model led to enhanced conversion of RSV into metabolites,including dihydroresveratrol(DHR),resveratrol-sulfate,and *** was found to be the dominant metabolite of RSV in conventional and colitis *** increased DHR/RSV ratio was confirmed to activate AHR and contribute to an enhanced anti-inflammatory *** is considered as a potential AHR *** DHR/RSV ratio also affected the serotonin pathway by controlling the expression of Tph1,SERT,and 5-HT7R leading to amelioration of colitis in *** data suggest that treatment with a combination of Li01 an

关键词： metabolism injuries resveratrol

The Preauricular Sinus:A Novel Approach for Complete Bilateral Excision via a Modified Face-Lift Incision

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Modern Plastic Surgery 2013年第2期3卷 76-79页

作者： Florian M.Lampert Georgios Koulaxouzidis G.bjorn Stark Department of Plastic Surgery University of Freiburg Medical CenterFreiburgGermany

Objectives/Hypothesis: To present a novel technique based on the combination of aesthetic and reconstructive techniques for the radical and safe excision of preauricular sinus along with minimal cosmetic impairing. Study Design: Case report, description of surgical method and brief overview of the literature. Methods: In a patient with bilateral preauricular sinus, we used a modified face-lift incision and SMAS-fixation instead of solely excising the sinus with skin ellipse. Results: Total removal of the bilateral fistulous systems could be achieved, along with a very aesthetically pleasing result. Conclusions: The surgical approach shown here allows a radical excision with only minimal aesthetic impairment using a shortened facelift-incision and SMAS-fixation.

关键词： Preauricular Cyst Preauricular Sinus Face Lift Incision SMAS Fixation Aesthetic Reconstructive Surgery

Fitness and health benefits of team handball training for young untrained women--A cross-disciplinary RCT on physiological adaptations and motivational aspects

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第2期7卷 139-148页

作者： Therese Hornstrup Johan M.Wikman bjorn Fristrup Susana Povoas Eva W.Helge Signe H.Nielsen Jorn W.Helge Jesper L.Andersen Lars Nybo Peter Krustrup Department of Nutrition Exercise and Sports University of Copenhagen Copenhagen N 2200 Denmark Research Center in Sports Sciences Health Sciences and Human Development CIDESD University Institute of Maia ISMAI Maia 4475-690 Portugal Center of Healthy Aging Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen N 2200 Denmark Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen Bispebjerg Hospital Copenhagen NV 2400 Denmark Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC) University of Southern Denmark Odense 3450 Denmark Sport and Health Sciences University of Exeter Exeter EX1 2LU UK

Purpose: The present study evaluated the effects of regular participation in small-sided team handball training on body composition, osteogenic response, physical performance, and cardiovascular risk factors, as well as well-being and motivation, in young untrained ***: Twenty-eight untrained 20- to 30-year-old women were randomized to a handball training group(HG; n = 14, height 170 ± 5 cm, weight 73 ± 11 kg, VO_(2peak) 37.7 ± 4.1 mL/min/kg) that trained 1.7 ± 0.3 times per week over 12 weeks(70 min 4 v 4 handball sessions) or an inactive control group(CG; n = 14, 169 ± 5 cm, 71 ± 12 kg, 38.1 ± 3.7 mL/min/kg). Physiological and psychological and motivational training adaptations were assessed pre-and post-intervention by dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry(DXA) scans, blood sampling, physical tests, and ***: The average heart rate(HR) over all training sessions was equal to 85% ± 6% HR_(max). Between-group intervention effects were observed in favor of HG for muscle mass(2.1%, p = 0.024), proximal femur bone mineral density(0.8%, p = 0.041), Yo-Yo IE1 intermittent endurance test level 1(IE1) performance(35%, p < 0.001), and incremental treadmill test performance(11.5%, p = 0.003), but not total fat mass(p = 0.176),mean arterial blood pressure(p = 0.328), resting HR(p = 0.219), or blood lipids(p = 0.298—0.854). In CG, no changes were observed in any of the measured physiological variables after the training period. Compared to CG, HG had an increase in intrinsic motivation(p < 0.001) and in the well-being subscale "energy"(p = 0.010).Conclusion: Participation in regular recreational team handball training organized as small-sided games has marked beneficial effects on physical performance, musculoskeletal fitness, well-being, and motivation in untrained young women.

关键词： Bone mineral density (BMD) Intensity Intermittent Motivation Muscle mass Physical performance Recreational handball Well-being