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Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第2期62卷 679-694页

作者： N.Shobha Rani M.Chandrajith B.R.Pushpa B.J.bipin nair Department of Computer Science Amrita School of Arts and SciencesMysuruAmrita Vishwa VidyapeethamIndia Maharaja Institute of Technology MysuruIndia

Assessing the age of an individual via bones serves as a fool proof method in true determination of individual *** attempts are reported in the past for assessment of chronological age of an individual based on variety of discriminative features found in wrist radiograph *** permutation and combination of these features realized satisfactory accuracies for a set of limited *** this paper,assessment of gender for individuals of chronological age between 1-17 years is performed using left hand wrist radiograph images.A fully automated approach is proposed for removal of noise persisted due to non-uniform illumination during the process of radiograph acquisition *** to this a computational technique for extraction of wrist region is proposed using operations on specific bit planes of image.A framework called GeNet of deep convolutional neural network is applied for classification of extracted wrist regions into male and *** experimentations are conducted on the datasets of Radiological Society of North America(RSNA)of about 12442 *** of preprocessing and segmentation techniques resulted into a correlation of about 99.09%.Performance of GeNet is evaluated on the extracted wrist regions resulting into an accuracy of 82.18%.

关键词： Bit plane processing automated segmentation deep convolutional network

Clinical Efficacy of Inhaled Nitric Oxide in Preventing the Progression of Moderate to Severe COVID-19 and Its Correlation to Viral Clearance:Results of a Pilot Study

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Infectious Microbes & Diseases 2022年第1期4卷 26-33页

作者： Merlin Moni Thushara Madathil Dipu T.Sathyapalan Veena Menon Georg Gutjahr Fabia Edathadathil Deepthi Sureshkumar Preetha Prasanna Soumya Jose Roshni Jerome Ajai Krishnan Indulekha C.L.Pillai Geetha Kumar bipin nair Victor Nizet Aveek Jayant Department of Medicine Division of Infectious DiseasesAmrita Institute of Medical ScienceAmrita Vishwa VidyapeethamKochiKeralaIndia Department of Cardiac Anaesthesiology Amrita Institute of Medical ScienceAmrita Vishwa VidyapeethamKochiKeralaIndia Clinical Virology Laboratory Amrita Institute of Medical SciencesAmrita Vishwa VidyapeethamKochiKeralaIndia Center for Research in Analytics and Technologies for Education(CREATE) Amrita Vishwa VidyapeethamAmritapuriKollamKeralaIndia Department of Infection Control and Epidemiology Amrita Institute of Medical ScienceAmrita Vishwa VidyapeethamKochiKeralaIndia School of Medicine Amrita Institute of Medical ScienceAmrita Vishwa VidyapeethamKochiKeralaIndia School of Biotechnology Amrita Vishwa VidyapeethamAmritapuriKollamKeralaIndia Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA Department of Pediatrics University of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA

Hypoxic patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)are at high risk of adverse *** nitric oxide(iNO)has shown anti-viral and immunomodulatory effects in ***,in vivo evidence of efficacy in hypoxic COVID-19 is *** open label feasibility study was conducted at a single referral center in South India and evaluated the effectiveness of repurposed iNO in improving clinical outcomes in COVID-19 and its correlation with viral *** recruited hypoxemic COVID-19 patients and allocated them into treatment(iNO)and control groups(1:1).Viral clearance on day 5 favored the treatment group(100%vs 72%,P<0.01).The speed of viral clearance as adjudged by normalized longitudinal cycle threshold(Ct)values was positively impacted in the treatment *** proportion of patients who attained clinical improvement,defined as a≥2-point change on the World Health Organization ordinal scale,was higher in the iNO cohort(n=11,79%)as compared to the control group(n=4,36%)(odds ratio 6.42,95%confidence interval 1.09–37.73,P=0.032).The proportion of patients progressing to mechanical ventilation in the control group(4/11)was significantly higher than in the treatment group(0/14).The all-cause 28-day mortality was significantly different among the study arms,with 36%(4/11)of the patients dying in the control group while none died in the treatment *** numbers needed to treat to prevent an additional poor outcome of death was estimated to be *** study demonstrates the putative role of repurposed iNO in hypoxemic COVID-19 patients and calls for extended validation.

关键词： nitric oxide COVID-19 antiviral activity WHO ordinal scale

Diverting agents in the oil and gas industry:A comprehensive analysis of their origins,types,and applications

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Petroleum Research 2024年第1期9卷 72-84页

作者： Namrata Bist Abhishek nair Kriti Yadav Anirbid Sircar Pandit Deendayal Energy University GandhinagarGujarat382007India Department of Geology Patna UniversityAshok RajpathPatna800005India

During the life of a well,treatments are carried out to boost productivity by stimulating initially unproduced *** treatments include hydraulic fracturing,matrix acidization,and acid fracturing,among *** fracturing treatment is generally applied to deeper reservoirs of oil or natural gas for enhanced *** infusing proppant,water,and chemicals under extreme pressure during the fracturing procedure,fissures in and beneath the reservoir layer can be accessed and *** stimulating procedure,matrix acidization,involves injecting acid down the drilling hole to permeate the rock fissures at stresses lower than the fracture *** addition,carbonate reservoir acid fracturing stimulation is commonly used as an acid treatment technique whereby a pressure greater than the formation disintegration pressure or spontaneous fracture closure pressure is used to compress acid into the *** treatments allow existing wells to sustain hydrocarbon production without new wells being ***,when employed efficiently,can prevent the need to use a rig to provide momentary physical barriers,thus lowering the cost of the *** improvements in diversion technology make use of a variety of degradable particles that act as momentary bridges,either at the perforation entries or inside the existing *** aim of this study is to introduce different types of mechanical and chemical diverters used to enhance the productivity of *** study explains the concepts of different types of diverters and their applications in several formations,it will also help readers to understand the selection procedures based on the suitability and requirements of diverter use by case studies from around the world.

关键词： Refracturing Well treatment Chemical diverter Mechanical diverter Acid fracturing

Cellular interplay to 3D in vitro microphysiological disease model:cell patterning microbiota-gut-brain axis

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第3期7卷 320-357页

作者： Kamare Alam Lakshmi nair Souvik Mukherjee Kulwinder Kaur Manjari Singh Santanu Kaity Velayutham Ravichandiran Sugato Banerjee Subhadeep Roy Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and ResearchKolkataWest Bengal 700054India Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assam UniversitySilchar 788011India Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Guru Ghasidas UniversityKoniBilaspur 495009C.G.India School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences RCSI University of Medicine and Health SciencesDublin D02 YN77Ireland Tissue Engineering Research Group Department of Anatomy and Regenerative MedicineRCSI University of Medicine and Health SciencesDublin D02 YN77Ireland Department of Pharmaceutics National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and ResearchKolkataWest Bengal 700054India Department of Natural Products National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and ResearchKolkataWest Bengal 700054India

The microbiota-gut-brain axis(MGBA)has emerged as a key prospect in the bidirectional communication between two major organ systems:the brain and the *** between the two organ systems allows the body to function without disease,whereas dysbiosis has long-standing evidence of etiopathological *** most common communication paths are the microbial release of metabolites,soluble neurotransmitters,and immune ***,each pathway is intertwined with a complex *** the emergence of in vitro models and the popularity of three-dimensional(3D)cultures and Transwells,engineering has become easier for the scientific understanding of neurodegenerative *** paper briefly retraces the possible communication pathways between the gut microbiome and the *** further elaborates on three major diseases:autism spectrum disorder,Parkinson’s disease,and Alzheimer’s disease,which are prevalent in children and the *** diseases also decrease patients’quality of ***,understanding them more deeply with respect to current advances in in vitro modeling is crucial for understanding the *** of MGBA in the laboratory uses many molecular technologies and biomaterial *** and organoids provide a more realistic picture of the cell and tissue structure than *** them with the Transwell system offers the advantage of compartmentalizing the two systems(apical and basal)while allowing physical and chemical cues between ***-edge technologies,such as bioprinting and microfluidic chips,might be the future of in vitro modeling,as they provide dynamicity.

关键词： Microbiota-gut-brain axis Neurodegeneration 3D disease model Organoid Transwell system

Multiplexed fluorescence and scatter detection with single cell resolution using on-chip fiber optics for droplet microfluidic applications

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 207-218页

作者： Preksha Gupta Ambili Mohan Apurv Mishra Atindra nair Neeladri Chowdhury Dhanush Balekai Kavyashree Rai Anil Prabhakar Taslimarif Saiyed Discovery Innovation Accelerator Centre for Cellular and Molecular PlatformsBellary RoadBengaluru560065KarnatakaIndia Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai600036Tamil NaduIndia

Droplet microfluidics has emerged as a critical component of several high-throughput single-cell analysis techniques in biomedical research and *** significant progress in the development of individual assays,multiparametric optical sensing of droplets and their encapsulated contents has been *** current approaches,most commonly involving microscopy-based high-speed imaging of droplets,are technically complex and require expensive instrumentation,limiting their widespread *** address these limitations,we developed the OptiDrop platform;this platform is a novel optofluidic setup that leverages the principles of flow *** platform enables on-chip detection of the scatter and multiple fluorescence signals from the microfluidic droplets and their contents using optical *** highly customizable on-chip optical fiber-based signal detection system enables simplified,miniaturized,low-cost,multiparametric sensing of optical signals with high sensitivity and single-cell resolution within each *** demonstrate the ability of the OptiDrop platform,we conducted a differential expression analysis of the major histocompatibility complex(MHC)protein in response to IFNγ*** results showed the platform’s ability to sensitively detect cell surface biomarkers using fluorescently labeled ***,the OptiDrop platform combines the versatility of flow cytometry with the power of droplet microfluidics to provide wide-ranging,scalable optical sensing solutions for research and diagnostics.

关键词： scatter enable resolution

Health Systems Strengthening to Tackle the Global Burden of Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease: A Diagonal Approach

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Congenital Heart Disease 2024年第2期19卷 131-138页

作者： Dominique Vervoort Amy Verstappen Sreehari Madhavankutty nair Chong Chin Eu Bistra Zheleva Institute of Health Policy Management and EvaluationUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada Division of Cardiac Surgery University of TorontoTorontoCanada Global Alliance for Rheumatic and Congenital Hearts PhiladelphiaUSA Department of Health Services Government of KeralaKeralaIndia Ministry of Health PutrajayaMalaysia Children’s HeartLink MinneapolisUSA

1 Background Congenital heart disease(CHD)is the most common major congenital anomaly,affecting approximately one in every 100 live births[1].Among congenital anomalies,66%of preventable deaths are due to CHD,and 58%of the avertable morbidity and mortality due to congenital anomalies would result from scaling congenital heart surgery services[2].Every year,nearly 300,000 children and adults die from CHD,the majority of whom live in low-and middle-income countries(LMICs)[3].Approximately 49%of all individuals with CHD will require surgical or interventional care at some point in their lifetime[4];as a result of advances in access to and the delivery of such services,over 95%of children born with CHD in high-income countries now live into adulthood[3].Here,adults have surpassed children in the number of CHD cases at a ratio of 2:1[5].

关键词： Congenital heart disease pediatric heart disease global health health systems health policy

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 66-68页

作者： Aswathi N Jincy M.Jose Sreelata B.nair Prabha S.N Pappachan S Department of Medical Genetics Lifeline Super Specialty HospitalPathanamthittaKerala 691523India Lifeline Super Specialty Hospital PathanamthittaKerala 691523India

Alagille syndrome(ALGS;OMIM#118450)is a highlyvariable,multi-systemic,autosomal dominant disorder,caused by mutations in the Jagged Canonical Notch Ligand 1(JAG1)gene(20p12.2)or in the Neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 2(NOTCH2)gene(1p13).^(1)It primarily affects the liver,heart,eyes,face,kidney,skin,vertebrae,and skeleton.^(1,2)The JAG1 gene has 26 exons and about 90%of the ALGS cases result from pathogenic variants in the JAG1 and around 7%of cases have deletions in chromosome 20 that include this gene.

关键词： JAG1 cases Notch

Tubularized incised plateurethroplasty and grafted tubularized incised plate urethroplasty: systematic review, metaanalysis and trial sequential analysis

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World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2024年第1期7卷 10-19页

作者： Nitinkumar Borkar Charu Tiwari Abhijit nair Debajyoti Mohanty C K Sinha Jai Kumar Mahajan Paediatric Surgery All India Institute of Medical Sciences-RaipurRaipurChhattisgardhIndia Department of Anaesthesiology Ibra HospitalbraOman General Surgery All India Institute of Medical Sciences-RaipurRaipurChhattisgardhIndia Paediatric Surgery St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK Pediatric Surgery PGIMERChandigarhIndia

Background Hypospadias is one of the most common genital birth *** are around 300 various techniques available for the repair of *** study aims to compare the reported outcomes of Tubularized incised plate urethroplasty(TIP)and Grafted TIP(GTIP)repair in children undergoing primary *** This meta-analysisadhered to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines,and we framed our research question using the population,intervention,control and outcomes *** conducted comprehensive electronic searches across various databases,employing a Boolean search strategy with predefined search *** randomized controlled trials(RCTs)were included for quantitative *** Totally,10 RCTs met our inclusion criteria for quantitative *** results indicated that urethrocutaneous fistula,glans dehiscence,and stricture rates were comparable between the two *** incidence of meatal stenosis was found to be significantly lower in the GTIP group with a relative risk(RR)of 0.32(95%confidence interval(Cl)0.15 to 0.67).Conclusion The coucomes UCF,glans dehiscence,and stricture rates were comparable between the two ***,the incidence of meatal stenosis was found to be significantly lower in the grafted TIP *** terms of operative time,our quantitative synthesis demonstrated that the TIP group had a shorter operative time than the GTIP group with significant heterogeneity.

关键词： plate grafted analysis

Rice Heat Tolerance Breeding: A Comprehensive Review and Forward Gaze

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Rice science 2024年第4期31卷 375-400,I0022页

作者： Ravindran Lalithambika VISAKH Sreekumar ANAND Sukumaran nair ARYA Behera SASMITA Uday Chand JHA Rameswar Prasad SAH Radha BEENA Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding College of AgricultureVellayaniKerala Agricultural UniversityThiruvananthapuramKerala 695522India Crop Improvement Division Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Rice Research InstituteCuttackOdisha 7530006India Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics Indian Institute of Pulse ResearchKanpur 208024India Department of Plant Physiology College of AgricultureVellayaniKerala Agricultural UniversityThiruvananthapuramKerala 695522India

The yield potential of rice is seriously affected by heat stress due to climate change. Since rice is a staple food globally, it is imperative to develop heat-resistant rice varieties. Thus, a thorough understanding of the complex molecular mechanisms underlying heat tolerance and the impact of high temperatures on various critical stages of the crop is needed. Adoption of both conventional and innovative breeding strategies offers a long-term advantage over other methods, such as agronomic practices, to counter heat stress. In this review, we summarize the effects of heat stress, regulatory pathways for heat tolerance, phenotyping strategies, and various breeding methods available for developing heat-tolerant rice. We offer perspectives and knowledge to guide future research endeavors aimed at enhancing the ability of rice to withstand heat stress and ultimately benefit humanity.

关键词： genetic mechanism high-temperature stress molecular breeding genomics selection

TRADITIONAL MEDICINE, NATURAL PRODUCTS,MMPS AND THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF THERAPEUTICS

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World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2016年第2期 75-75页

作者： bipin G.nair Amrita School of Biotechnology Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Amrita University

Objective:To decipher the molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 by anacardic acid,isolated from cashew nut shell liquid and a natural product-like flavonoid analog,(I-3,II-3)-biacacetin and implications for cancer ***:Anacardic acid from cashew shells and(I-3,II-3)-biacacetin synthesized through oxidative

关键词： MMP NATURAL PRODUCTS,MMPS AND THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF THERAPEUTICS TRADITIONAL MEDICINE